git-send-email.html

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 735 <body class="manpage">
 736 <div id="header">
 737 <h1>
 738 git-send-email(1) Manual Page
 739 </h1>
 740 <h2>NAME</h2>
 741 <div class="sectionbody">
 742 <p>git-send-email -
 743    Send a collection of patches as emails
 744 </p>
 745 </div>
 746 </div>
 747 <div id="content">
 748 <div class="sect1">
 749 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 750 <div class="sectionbody">
 751 <div class="verseblock">
 752 <pre class="content"><em>git send-email</em> [&lt;options&gt;] &lt;file|directory&gt;&#8230;
 753 <em>git send-email</em> [&lt;options&gt;] &lt;format-patch-options&gt;
 754 <em>git send-email</em> --dump-aliases</pre>
 755 <div class="attribution">
 756 </div></div>
 757 </div>
 758 </div>
 759 <div class="sect1">
 760 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 761 <div class="sectionbody">
 762 <div class="paragraph"><p>Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out.
 763 Patches can be specified as files, directories (which will send all
 764 files in the directory), or directly as a revision list.  In the
 765 last case, any format accepted by <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a> can
 766 be passed to git send-email, as well as options understood by
 767 <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a>.</p></div>
 768 <div class="paragraph"><p>The header of the email is configurable via command-line options.  If not
 769 specified on the command line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine
 770 enabled interface to provide the necessary information.</p></div>
 771 <div class="paragraph"><p>There are two formats accepted for patch files:</p></div>
 772 <div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
 773 <li>
 774 <p>
 775 mbox format files
 776 </p>
 777 <div class="paragraph"><p>This is what <a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a> generates.  Most headers and MIME
 778 formatting are ignored.</p></div>
 779 </li>
 780 <li>
 781 <p>
 782 The original format used by Greg Kroah-Hartman&#8217;s <em>send_lots_of_email.pl</em>
 783    script
 784 </p>
 785 <div class="paragraph"><p>This format expects the first line of the file to contain the "Cc:" value
 786 and the "Subject:" of the message as the second line.</p></div>
 787 </li>
 788 </ol></div>
 789 </div>
 790 </div>
 791 <div class="sect1">
 792 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 793 <div class="sectionbody">
 794 <div class="sect2">
 795 <h3 id="_composing">Composing</h3>
 796 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 797 <dt class="hdlist1">
 798 --annotate
 799 </dt>
 800 <dd>
 801 <p>
 802         Review and edit each patch you&#8217;re about to send. Default is the value
 803         of <code>sendemail.annotate</code>. See the CONFIGURATION section for
 804         <code>sendemail.multiEdit</code>.
 805 </p>
 806 </dd>
 807 <dt class="hdlist1">
 808 --bcc=&lt;address&gt;,&#8230;
 809 </dt>
 810 <dd>
 811 <p>
 812         Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
 813         <code>sendemail.bcc</code>.
 814 </p>
 815 <div class="paragraph"><p>This option may be specified multiple times.</p></div>
 816 </dd>
 817 <dt class="hdlist1">
 818 --cc=&lt;address&gt;,&#8230;
 819 </dt>
 820 <dd>
 821 <p>
 822         Specify a starting "Cc:" value for each email.
 823         Default is the value of <code>sendemail.cc</code>.
 824 </p>
 825 <div class="paragraph"><p>This option may be specified multiple times.</p></div>
 826 </dd>
 827 <dt class="hdlist1">
 828 --compose
 829 </dt>
 830 <dd>
 831 <p>
 832         Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in <a href="git-var.html">git-var(1)</a>)
 833         to edit an introductory message for the patch series.
 834 </p>
 835 <div class="paragraph"><p>When <code>--compose</code> is used, git send-email will use the From, To, Cc, Bcc,
 836 Subject, Reply-To, and In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If
 837 the body of the message (what you type after the headers and a blank
 838 line) only contains blank (or Git: prefixed) lines, the summary won&#8217;t be
 839 sent, but the headers mentioned above will be used unless they are
 840 removed.</p></div>
 841 <div class="paragraph"><p>Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.</p></div>
 842 <div class="paragraph"><p>See the CONFIGURATION section for <code>sendemail.multiEdit</code>.</p></div>
 843 </dd>
 844 <dt class="hdlist1">
 845 --from=&lt;address&gt;
 846 </dt>
 847 <dd>
 848 <p>
 849         Specify the sender of the emails.  If not specified on the command line,
 850         the value of the <code>sendemail.from</code> configuration option is used.  If
 851         neither the command-line option nor <code>sendemail.from</code> are set, then the
 852         user will be prompted for the value.  The default for the prompt will be
 853         the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
 854         set, as returned by "git var -l".
 855 </p>
 856 </dd>
 857 <dt class="hdlist1">
 858 --reply-to=&lt;address&gt;
 859 </dt>
 860 <dd>
 861 <p>
 862         Specify the address where replies from recipients should go to.
 863         Use this if replies to messages should go to another address than what
 864         is specified with the --from parameter.
 865 </p>
 866 </dd>
 867 <dt class="hdlist1">
 868 --in-reply-to=&lt;identifier&gt;
 869 </dt>
 870 <dd>
 871 <p>
 872         Make the first mail (or all the mails with <code>--no-thread</code>) appear as a
 873         reply to the given Message-ID, which avoids breaking threads to
 874         provide a new patch series.
 875         The second and subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to
 876         the <code>--[no-]chain-reply-to</code> setting.
 877 </p>
 878 <div class="paragraph"><p>So for example when <code>--thread</code> and <code>--no-chain-reply-to</code> are specified, the
 879 second and subsequent patches will be replies to the first one like in the
 880 illustration below where <code>[PATCH v2 0/3]</code> is in reply to <code>[PATCH 0/2]</code>:</p></div>
 881 <div class="literalblock">
 882 <div class="content">
 883 <pre><code>[PATCH 0/2] Here is what I did...
 884   [PATCH 1/2] Clean up and tests
 885   [PATCH 2/2] Implementation
 886   [PATCH v2 0/3] Here is a reroll
 887     [PATCH v2 1/3] Clean up
 888     [PATCH v2 2/3] New tests
 889     [PATCH v2 3/3] Implementation</code></pre>
 890 </div></div>
 891 <div class="paragraph"><p>Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 892 is not set, this will be prompted for.</p></div>
 893 </dd>
 894 <dt class="hdlist1">
 895 --subject=&lt;string&gt;
 896 </dt>
 897 <dd>
 898 <p>
 899         Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
 900         Only necessary if --compose is also set.  If --compose
 901         is not set, this will be prompted for.
 902 </p>
 903 </dd>
 904 <dt class="hdlist1">
 905 --to=&lt;address&gt;,&#8230;
 906 </dt>
 907 <dd>
 908 <p>
 909         Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
 910         will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
 911         value of the <code>sendemail.to</code> configuration value; if that is unspecified,
 912         and --to-cmd is not specified, this will be prompted for.
 913 </p>
 914 <div class="paragraph"><p>This option may be specified multiple times.</p></div>
 915 </dd>
 916 <dt class="hdlist1">
 917 --8bit-encoding=&lt;encoding&gt;
 918 </dt>
 919 <dd>
 920 <p>
 921         When encountering a non-ASCII message or subject that does not
 922         declare its encoding, add headers/quoting to indicate it is
 923         encoded in &lt;encoding&gt;.  Default is the value of the
 924         <em>sendemail.assume8bitEncoding</em>; if that is unspecified, this
 925         will be prompted for if any non-ASCII files are encountered.
 926 </p>
 927 <div class="paragraph"><p>Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.</p></div>
 928 </dd>
 929 <dt class="hdlist1">
 930 --compose-encoding=&lt;encoding&gt;
 931 </dt>
 932 <dd>
 933 <p>
 934         Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the
 935         <em>sendemail.composeEncoding</em>; if that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed.
 936 </p>
 937 </dd>
 938 <dt class="hdlist1">
 939 --transfer-encoding=(7bit|8bit|quoted-printable|base64|auto)
 940 </dt>
 941 <dd>
 942 <p>
 943         Specify the transfer encoding to be used to send the message over SMTP.
 944         7bit will fail upon encountering a non-ASCII message.  quoted-printable
 945         can be useful when the repository contains files that contain carriage
 946         returns, but makes the raw patch email file (as saved from a MUA) much
 947         harder to inspect manually.  base64 is even more fool proof, but also
 948         even more opaque.  auto will use 8bit when possible, and quoted-printable
 949         otherwise.
 950 </p>
 951 <div class="paragraph"><p>Default is the value of the <code>sendemail.transferEncoding</code> configuration
 952 value; if that is unspecified, default to <code>auto</code>.</p></div>
 953 </dd>
 954 <dt class="hdlist1">
 955 --xmailer
 956 </dt>
 957 <dt class="hdlist1">
 958 --no-xmailer
 959 </dt>
 960 <dd>
 961 <p>
 962         Add (or prevent adding) the "X-Mailer:" header.  By default,
 963         the header is added, but it can be turned off by setting the
 964         <code>sendemail.xmailer</code> configuration variable to <code>false</code>.
 965 </p>
 966 </dd>
 967 </dl></div>
 968 </div>
 969 <div class="sect2">
 970 <h3 id="_sending">Sending</h3>
 971 <div class="dlist"><dl>
 972 <dt class="hdlist1">
 973 --envelope-sender=&lt;address&gt;
 974 </dt>
 975 <dd>
 976 <p>
 977         Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails.
 978         This is useful if your default address is not the address that is
 979         subscribed to a list. In order to use the <em>From</em> address, set the
 980         value to "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
 981         suitable privileges for the -f parameter.  Default is the value of the
 982         <code>sendemail.envelopeSender</code> configuration variable; if that is
 983         unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
 984 </p>
 985 </dd>
 986 <dt class="hdlist1">
 987 --sendmail-cmd=&lt;command&gt;
 988 </dt>
 989 <dd>
 990 <p>
 991         Specify a command to run to send the email. The command should
 992         be sendmail-like; specifically, it must support the <code>-i</code> option.
 993         The command will be executed in the shell if necessary.  Default
 994         is the value of <code>sendemail.sendmailCmd</code>.  If unspecified, and if
 995         --smtp-server is also unspecified, git-send-email will search
 996         for <code>sendmail</code> in <code>/usr/sbin</code>, <code>/usr/lib</code> and $PATH.
 997 </p>
 998 </dd>
 999 <dt class="hdlist1">
1000 --smtp-encryption=&lt;encryption&gt;
1001 </dt>
1002 <dd>
1003 <p>
1004         Specify in what way encrypting begins for the SMTP connection.
1005         Valid values are <em>ssl</em> and <em>tls</em>. Any other value reverts to plain
1006         (unencrypted) SMTP, which defaults to port 25.
1007         Despite the names, both values will use the same newer version of TLS,
1008         but for historic reasons have these names. <em>ssl</em> refers to "implicit"
1009         encryption (sometimes called SMTPS), that uses port 465 by default.
1010         <em>tls</em> refers to "explicit" encryption (often known as STARTTLS),
1011         that uses port 25 by default. Other ports might be used by the SMTP
1012         server, which are not the default. Commonly found alternative port for
1013         <em>tls</em> and unencrypted is 587. You need to check your provider&#8217;s
1014         documentation or your server configuration to make sure
1015         for your own case. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.smtpEncryption</code>.
1016 </p>
1017 </dd>
1018 <dt class="hdlist1">
1019 --smtp-domain=&lt;FQDN&gt;
1020 </dt>
1021 <dd>
1022 <p>
1023         Specifies the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the
1024         HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP server.  Some servers require the
1025         FQDN to match your IP address.  If not set, git send-email attempts
1026         to determine your FQDN automatically.  Default is the value of
1027         <code>sendemail.smtpDomain</code>.
1028 </p>
1029 </dd>
1030 <dt class="hdlist1">
1031 --smtp-auth=&lt;mechanisms&gt;
1032 </dt>
1033 <dd>
1034 <p>
1035         Whitespace-separated list of allowed SMTP-AUTH mechanisms. This setting
1036         forces using only the listed mechanisms. Example:
1037 </p>
1038 <div class="listingblock">
1039 <div class="content">
1040 <pre><code>$ git send-email --smtp-auth="PLAIN LOGIN GSSAPI" ...</code></pre>
1041 </div></div>
1042 <div class="paragraph"><p>If at least one of the specified mechanisms matches the ones advertised by the
1043 SMTP server and if it is supported by the utilized SASL library, the mechanism
1044 is used for authentication. If neither <em>sendemail.smtpAuth</em> nor <code>--smtp-auth</code>
1045 is specified, all mechanisms supported by the SASL library can be used. The
1046 special value <em>none</em> maybe specified to completely disable authentication
1047 independently of <code>--smtp-user</code></p></div>
1048 </dd>
1049 <dt class="hdlist1">
1050 --smtp-pass[=&lt;password&gt;]
1051 </dt>
1052 <dd>
1053 <p>
1054         Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
1055         argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
1056         the password. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.smtpPass</code>,
1057         however <code>--smtp-pass</code> always overrides this value.
1058 </p>
1059 <div class="paragraph"><p>Furthermore, passwords need not be specified in configuration files
1060 or on the command line. If a username has been specified (with
1061 <code>--smtp-user</code> or a <code>sendemail.smtpUser</code>), but no password has been
1062 specified (with <code>--smtp-pass</code> or <code>sendemail.smtpPass</code>), then
1063 a password is obtained using <em>git-credential</em>.</p></div>
1064 </dd>
1065 <dt class="hdlist1">
1066 --no-smtp-auth
1067 </dt>
1068 <dd>
1069 <p>
1070         Disable SMTP authentication. Short hand for <code>--smtp-auth=none</code>
1071 </p>
1072 </dd>
1073 <dt class="hdlist1">
1074 --smtp-server=&lt;host&gt;
1075 </dt>
1076 <dd>
1077 <p>
1078         If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server to use (e.g.
1079         <code>smtp.example.com</code> or a raw IP address).  If unspecified, and if
1080         <code>--sendmail-cmd</code> is also unspecified, the default is to search
1081         for <code>sendmail</code> in <code>/usr/sbin</code>, <code>/usr/lib</code> and $PATH if such a
1082         program is available, falling back to <code>localhost</code> otherwise.
1083 </p>
1084 <div class="paragraph"><p>For backward compatibility, this option can also specify a full pathname
1085 of a sendmail-like program instead; the program must support the <code>-i</code>
1086 option.  This method does not support passing arguments or using plain
1087 command names.  For those use cases, consider using <code>--sendmail-cmd</code>
1088 instead.</p></div>
1089 </dd>
1090 <dt class="hdlist1">
1091 --smtp-server-port=&lt;port&gt;
1092 </dt>
1093 <dd>
1094 <p>
1095         Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP
1096         servers typically listen to smtp port 25, but may also listen to
1097         submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465);
1098         symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 587)
1099         are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
1100         <code>sendemail.smtpServerPort</code> configuration variable.
1101 </p>
1102 </dd>
1103 <dt class="hdlist1">
1104 --smtp-server-option=&lt;option&gt;
1105 </dt>
1106 <dd>
1107 <p>
1108         If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server option to use.
1109         Default value can be specified by the <code>sendemail.smtpServerOption</code>
1110         configuration option.
1111 </p>
1112 <div class="paragraph"><p>The --smtp-server-option option must be repeated for each option you want
1113 to pass to the server. Likewise, different lines in the configuration files
1114 must be used for each option.</p></div>
1115 </dd>
1116 <dt class="hdlist1">
1117 --smtp-ssl
1118 </dt>
1119 <dd>
1120 <p>
1121         Legacy alias for <em>--smtp-encryption ssl</em>.
1122 </p>
1123 </dd>
1124 <dt class="hdlist1">
1125 --smtp-ssl-cert-path
1126 </dt>
1127 <dd>
1128 <p>
1129         Path to a store of trusted CA certificates for SMTP SSL/TLS
1130         certificate validation (either a directory that has been processed
1131         by <em>c_rehash</em>, or a single file containing one or more PEM format
1132         certificates concatenated together: see verify(1) -CAfile and
1133         -CApath for more information on these). Set it to an empty string
1134         to disable certificate verification. Defaults to the value of the
1135         <code>sendemail.smtpSSLCertPath</code> configuration variable, if set, or the
1136         backing SSL library&#8217;s compiled-in default otherwise (which should
1137         be the best choice on most platforms).
1138 </p>
1139 </dd>
1140 <dt class="hdlist1">
1141 --smtp-user=&lt;user&gt;
1142 </dt>
1143 <dd>
1144 <p>
1145         Username for SMTP-AUTH. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.smtpUser</code>;
1146         if a username is not specified (with <code>--smtp-user</code> or <code>sendemail.smtpUser</code>),
1147         then authentication is not attempted.
1148 </p>
1149 </dd>
1150 <dt class="hdlist1">
1151 --smtp-debug=0|1
1152 </dt>
1153 <dd>
1154 <p>
1155         Enable (1) or disable (0) debug output. If enabled, SMTP
1156         commands and replies will be printed. Useful to debug TLS
1157         connection and authentication problems.
1158 </p>
1159 </dd>
1160 <dt class="hdlist1">
1161 --batch-size=&lt;num&gt;
1162 </dt>
1163 <dd>
1164 <p>
1165         Some email servers (e.g. smtp.163.com) limit the number emails to be
1166         sent per session (connection) and this will lead to a failure when
1167         sending many messages.  With this option, send-email will disconnect after
1168         sending $&lt;num&gt; messages and wait for a few seconds (see --relogin-delay)
1169         and reconnect, to work around such a limit.  You may want to
1170         use some form of credential helper to avoid having to retype
1171         your password every time this happens.  Defaults to the
1172         <code>sendemail.smtpBatchSize</code> configuration variable.
1173 </p>
1174 </dd>
1175 <dt class="hdlist1">
1176 --relogin-delay=&lt;int&gt;
1177 </dt>
1178 <dd>
1179 <p>
1180         Waiting $&lt;int&gt; seconds before reconnecting to SMTP server. Used together
1181         with --batch-size option.  Defaults to the <code>sendemail.smtpReloginDelay</code>
1182         configuration variable.
1183 </p>
1184 </dd>
1185 </dl></div>
1186 </div>
1187 <div class="sect2">
1188 <h3 id="_automating">Automating</h3>
1189 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1190 <dt class="hdlist1">
1191 --no-[to|cc|bcc]
1192 </dt>
1193 <dd>
1194 <p>
1195         Clears any list of "To:", "Cc:", "Bcc:" addresses previously
1196         set via config.
1197 </p>
1198 </dd>
1199 <dt class="hdlist1">
1200 --no-identity
1201 </dt>
1202 <dd>
1203 <p>
1204         Clears the previously read value of <code>sendemail.identity</code> set
1205         via config, if any.
1206 </p>
1207 </dd>
1208 <dt class="hdlist1">
1209 --to-cmd=&lt;command&gt;
1210 </dt>
1211 <dd>
1212 <p>
1213         Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
1214         should generate patch file specific "To:" entries.
1215         Output of this command must be single email address per line.
1216         Default is the value of <em>sendemail.toCmd</em> configuration value.
1217 </p>
1218 </dd>
1219 <dt class="hdlist1">
1220 --cc-cmd=&lt;command&gt;
1221 </dt>
1222 <dd>
1223 <p>
1224         Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
1225         should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
1226         Output of this command must be single email address per line.
1227         Default is the value of <code>sendemail.ccCmd</code> configuration value.
1228 </p>
1229 </dd>
1230 <dt class="hdlist1">
1231 --header-cmd=&lt;command&gt;
1232 </dt>
1233 <dd>
1234 <p>
1235         Specify a command that is executed once per outgoing message
1236         and output RFC 2822 style header lines to be inserted into
1237         them. When the <code>sendemail.headerCmd</code> configuration variable is
1238         set, its value is always used. When --header-cmd is provided
1239         at the command line, its value takes precedence over the
1240         <code>sendemail.headerCmd</code> configuration variable.
1241 </p>
1242 </dd>
1243 <dt class="hdlist1">
1244 --no-header-cmd
1245 </dt>
1246 <dd>
1247 <p>
1248         Disable any header command in use.
1249 </p>
1250 </dd>
1251 <dt class="hdlist1">
1252 --[no-]chain-reply-to
1253 </dt>
1254 <dd>
1255 <p>
1256         If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
1257         email sent.  If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
1258         the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent.  When using
1259         this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
1260         entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the <code>sendemail.chainReplyTo</code>
1261         configuration variable can be used to enable it.
1262 </p>
1263 </dd>
1264 <dt class="hdlist1">
1265 --identity=&lt;identity&gt;
1266 </dt>
1267 <dd>
1268 <p>
1269         A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
1270         <em>sendemail.&lt;identity&gt;</em> subsection to take precedence over
1271         values in the <em>sendemail</em> section. The default identity is
1272         the value of <code>sendemail.identity</code>.
1273 </p>
1274 </dd>
1275 <dt class="hdlist1">
1276 --[no-]signed-off-by-cc
1277 </dt>
1278 <dd>
1279 <p>
1280         If this is set, add emails found in the <code>Signed-off-by</code> trailer or Cc: lines to the
1281         cc list. Default is the value of <code>sendemail.signedOffByCc</code> configuration
1282         value; if that is unspecified, default to --signed-off-by-cc.
1283 </p>
1284 </dd>
1285 <dt class="hdlist1">
1286 --[no-]cc-cover
1287 </dt>
1288 <dd>
1289 <p>
1290         If this is set, emails found in Cc: headers in the first patch of
1291         the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the cc list
1292         for each email set. Default is the value of <em>sendemail.ccCover</em>
1293         configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-cc-cover.
1294 </p>
1295 </dd>
1296 <dt class="hdlist1">
1297 --[no-]to-cover
1298 </dt>
1299 <dd>
1300 <p>
1301         If this is set, emails found in To: headers in the first patch of
1302         the series (typically the cover letter) are added to the to list
1303         for each email set. Default is the value of <em>sendemail.toCover</em>
1304         configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-to-cover.
1305 </p>
1306 </dd>
1307 <dt class="hdlist1">
1308 --suppress-cc=&lt;category&gt;
1309 </dt>
1310 <dd>
1311 <p>
1312         Specify an additional category of recipients to suppress the
1313         auto-cc of:
1314 </p>
1315 <div class="openblock">
1316 <div class="content">
1317 <div class="ulist"><ul>
1318 <li>
1319 <p>
1320 <em>author</em> will avoid including the patch author.
1321 </p>
1322 </li>
1323 <li>
1324 <p>
1325 <em>self</em> will avoid including the sender.
1326 </p>
1327 </li>
1328 <li>
1329 <p>
1330 <em>cc</em> will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header
1331   except for self (use <em>self</em> for that).
1332 </p>
1333 </li>
1334 <li>
1335 <p>
1336 <em>bodycc</em> will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the
1337   patch body (commit message) except for self (use <em>self</em> for that).
1338 </p>
1339 </li>
1340 <li>
1341 <p>
1342 <em>sob</em> will avoid including anyone mentioned in the Signed-off-by trailers except
1343   for self (use <em>self</em> for that).
1344 </p>
1345 </li>
1346 <li>
1347 <p>
1348 <em>misc-by</em> will avoid including anyone mentioned in Acked-by,
1349   Reviewed-by, Tested-by and other "-by" lines in the patch body,
1350   except Signed-off-by (use <em>sob</em> for that).
1351 </p>
1352 </li>
1353 <li>
1354 <p>
1355 <em>cccmd</em> will avoid running the --cc-cmd.
1356 </p>
1357 </li>
1358 <li>
1359 <p>
1360 <em>body</em> is equivalent to <em>sob</em> + <em>bodycc</em> + <em>misc-by</em>.
1361 </p>
1362 </li>
1363 <li>
1364 <p>
1365 <em>all</em> will suppress all auto cc values.
1366 </p>
1367 </li>
1368 </ul></div>
1369 </div></div>
1370 <div class="paragraph"><p>Default is the value of <code>sendemail.suppressCc</code> configuration value; if
1371 that is unspecified, default to <em>self</em> if --suppress-from is
1372 specified, as well as <em>body</em> if --no-signed-off-cc is specified.</p></div>
1373 </dd>
1374 <dt class="hdlist1">
1375 --[no-]suppress-from
1376 </dt>
1377 <dd>
1378 <p>
1379         If this is set, do not add the From: address to the cc: list.
1380         Default is the value of <code>sendemail.suppressFrom</code> configuration
1381         value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.
1382 </p>
1383 </dd>
1384 <dt class="hdlist1">
1385 --[no-]thread
1386 </dt>
1387 <dd>
1388 <p>
1389         If this is set, the In-Reply-To and References headers will be
1390         added to each email sent.  Whether each mail refers to the
1391         previous email (<code>deep</code> threading per <em>git format-patch</em>
1392         wording) or to the first email (<code>shallow</code> threading) is
1393         governed by "--[no-]chain-reply-to".
1394 </p>
1395 <div class="paragraph"><p>If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
1396 (unless specified with --in-reply-to).  Default is the value of the
1397 <code>sendemail.thread</code> configuration value; if that is unspecified,
1398 default to --thread.</p></div>
1399 <div class="paragraph"><p>It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
1400 exists when <em>git send-email</em> is asked to add it (especially note that
1401 <em>git format-patch</em> can be configured to do the threading itself).
1402 Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the
1403 recipient&#8217;s MUA.</p></div>
1404 </dd>
1405 </dl></div>
1406 </div>
1407 <div class="sect2">
1408 <h3 id="_administering">Administering</h3>
1409 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1410 <dt class="hdlist1">
1411 --confirm=&lt;mode&gt;
1412 </dt>
1413 <dd>
1414 <p>
1415         Confirm just before sending:
1416 </p>
1417 <div class="openblock">
1418 <div class="content">
1419 <div class="ulist"><ul>
1420 <li>
1421 <p>
1422 <em>always</em> will always confirm before sending
1423 </p>
1424 </li>
1425 <li>
1426 <p>
1427 <em>never</em> will never confirm before sending
1428 </p>
1429 </li>
1430 <li>
1431 <p>
1432 <em>cc</em> will confirm before sending when send-email has automatically
1433   added addresses from the patch to the Cc list
1434 </p>
1435 </li>
1436 <li>
1437 <p>
1438 <em>compose</em> will confirm before sending the first message when using --compose.
1439 </p>
1440 </li>
1441 <li>
1442 <p>
1443 <em>auto</em> is equivalent to <em>cc</em> + <em>compose</em>
1444 </p>
1445 </li>
1446 </ul></div>
1447 </div></div>
1448 <div class="paragraph"><p>Default is the value of <code>sendemail.confirm</code> configuration value; if that
1449 is unspecified, default to <em>auto</em> unless any of the suppress options
1450 have been specified, in which case default to <em>compose</em>.</p></div>
1451 </dd>
1452 <dt class="hdlist1">
1453 --dry-run
1454 </dt>
1455 <dd>
1456 <p>
1457         Do everything except actually send the emails.
1458 </p>
1459 </dd>
1460 <dt class="hdlist1">
1461 --[no-]format-patch
1462 </dt>
1463 <dd>
1464 <p>
1465         When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
1466         choose to understand it as a format-patch argument (<code>--format-patch</code>)
1467         or as a file name (<code>--no-format-patch</code>). By default, when such a conflict
1468         occurs, git send-email will fail.
1469 </p>
1470 </dd>
1471 <dt class="hdlist1">
1472 --quiet
1473 </dt>
1474 <dd>
1475 <p>
1476         Make git-send-email less verbose.  One line per email should be
1477         all that is output.
1478 </p>
1479 </dd>
1480 <dt class="hdlist1">
1481 --[no-]validate
1482 </dt>
1483 <dd>
1484 <p>
1485         Perform sanity checks on patches.
1486         Currently, validation means the following:
1487 </p>
1488 <div class="openblock">
1489 <div class="content">
1490 <div class="ulist"><ul>
1491 <li>
1492 <p>
1493 Invoke the sendemail-validate hook if present (see <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a>).
1494 </p>
1495 </li>
1496 <li>
1497 <p>
1498 Warn of patches that contain lines longer than
1499                         998 characters unless a suitable transfer encoding
1500                         (<em>auto</em>, <em>base64</em>, or <em>quoted-printable</em>) is used;
1501                         this is due to SMTP limits as described by
1502                         <a href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt">https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5322.txt</a>.
1503 </p>
1504 </li>
1505 </ul></div>
1506 </div></div>
1507 <div class="paragraph"><p>Default is the value of <code>sendemail.validate</code>; if this is not set,
1508 default to <code>--validate</code>.</p></div>
1509 </dd>
1510 <dt class="hdlist1">
1511 --force
1512 </dt>
1513 <dd>
1514 <p>
1515         Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.
1516 </p>
1517 </dd>
1518 </dl></div>
1519 </div>
1520 <div class="sect2">
1521 <h3 id="_information">Information</h3>
1522 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1523 <dt class="hdlist1">
1524 --dump-aliases
1525 </dt>
1526 <dd>
1527 <p>
1528         Instead of the normal operation, dump the shorthand alias names from
1529         the configured alias file(s), one per line in alphabetical order. Note
1530         that this only includes the alias name and not its expanded email addresses.
1531         See <em>sendemail.aliasesFile</em> for more information about aliases.
1532 </p>
1533 </dd>
1534 </dl></div>
1535 </div>
1536 </div>
1537 </div>
1538 <div class="sect1">
1539 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
1540 <div class="sectionbody">
1541 <div class="paragraph"><p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
1542 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
1543 as what&#8217;s found there:</p></div>
1544 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1545 <dt class="hdlist1">
1546 sendemail.identity
1547 </dt>
1548 <dd>
1549 <p>
1550         A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
1551         <em>sendemail.&lt;identity&gt;</em> subsection to take precedence over
1552         values in the <em>sendemail</em> section. The default identity is
1553         the value of <code>sendemail.identity</code>.
1554 </p>
1555 </dd>
1556 <dt class="hdlist1">
1557 sendemail.smtpEncryption
1558 </dt>
1559 <dd>
1560 <p>
1561         See <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> for description.  Note that this
1562         setting is not subject to the <em>identity</em> mechanism.
1563 </p>
1564 </dd>
1565 <dt class="hdlist1">
1566 sendemail.smtpSSLCertPath
1567 </dt>
1568 <dd>
1569 <p>
1570         Path to ca-certificates (either a directory or a single file).
1571         Set it to an empty string to disable certificate verification.
1572 </p>
1573 </dd>
1574 <dt class="hdlist1">
1575 sendemail.&lt;identity&gt;.*
1576 </dt>
1577 <dd>
1578 <p>
1579         Identity-specific versions of the <em>sendemail.*</em> parameters
1580         found below, taking precedence over those when this
1581         identity is selected, through either the command-line or
1582         <code>sendemail.identity</code>.
1583 </p>
1584 </dd>
1585 <dt class="hdlist1">
1586 sendemail.multiEdit
1587 </dt>
1588 <dd>
1589 <p>
1590         If true (default), a single editor instance will be spawned to edit
1591         files you have to edit (patches when <code>--annotate</code> is used, and the
1592         summary when <code>--compose</code> is used). If false, files will be edited one
1593         after the other, spawning a new editor each time.
1594 </p>
1595 </dd>
1596 <dt class="hdlist1">
1597 sendemail.confirm
1598 </dt>
1599 <dd>
1600 <p>
1601         Sets the default for whether to confirm before sending. Must be
1602         one of <em>always</em>, <em>never</em>, <em>cc</em>, <em>compose</em>, or <em>auto</em>. See <code>--confirm</code>
1603         in the <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> documentation for the meaning of these
1604         values.
1605 </p>
1606 </dd>
1607 <dt class="hdlist1">
1608 sendemail.aliasesFile
1609 </dt>
1610 <dd>
1611 <p>
1612         To avoid typing long email addresses, point this to one or more
1613         email aliases files.  You must also supply <code>sendemail.aliasFileType</code>.
1614 </p>
1615 </dd>
1616 <dt class="hdlist1">
1617 sendemail.aliasFileType
1618 </dt>
1619 <dd>
1620 <p>
1621         Format of the file(s) specified in sendemail.aliasesFile. Must be
1622         one of <em>mutt</em>, <em>mailrc</em>, <em>pine</em>, <em>elm</em>, <em>gnus</em>, or <em>sendmail</em>.
1623 </p>
1624 <div class="paragraph"><p>What an alias file in each format looks like can be found in
1625 the documentation of the email program of the same name. The
1626 differences and limitations from the standard formats are
1627 described below:</p></div>
1628 <div class="openblock">
1629 <div class="content">
1630 <div class="dlist"><dl>
1631 <dt class="hdlist1">
1632 sendmail
1633 </dt>
1634 <dd>
1635 <div class="ulist"><ul>
1636 <li>
1637 <p>
1638 Quoted aliases and quoted addresses are not supported: lines that
1639         contain a <code>"</code> symbol are ignored.
1640 </p>
1641 </li>
1642 <li>
1643 <p>
1644 Redirection to a file (<code>/path/name</code>) or pipe (<code>|command</code>) is not
1645         supported.
1646 </p>
1647 </li>
1648 <li>
1649 <p>
1650 File inclusion (<code>:include: /path/name</code>) is not supported.
1651 </p>
1652 </li>
1653 <li>
1654 <p>
1655 Warnings are printed on the standard error output for any
1656         explicitly unsupported constructs, and any other lines that are not
1657         recognized by the parser.
1658 </p>
1659 </li>
1660 </ul></div>
1661 </dd>
1662 </dl></div>
1663 </div></div>
1664 </dd>
1665 <dt class="hdlist1">
1666 sendemail.annotate
1667 </dt>
1668 <dt class="hdlist1">
1669 sendemail.bcc
1670 </dt>
1671 <dt class="hdlist1">
1672 sendemail.cc
1673 </dt>
1674 <dt class="hdlist1">
1675 sendemail.ccCmd
1676 </dt>
1677 <dt class="hdlist1">
1678 sendemail.chainReplyTo
1679 </dt>
1680 <dt class="hdlist1">
1681 sendemail.envelopeSender
1682 </dt>
1683 <dt class="hdlist1">
1684 sendemail.from
1685 </dt>
1686 <dt class="hdlist1">
1687 sendemail.headerCmd
1688 </dt>
1689 <dt class="hdlist1">
1690 sendemail.signedOffByCc
1691 </dt>
1692 <dt class="hdlist1">
1693 sendemail.smtpPass
1694 </dt>
1695 <dt class="hdlist1">
1696 sendemail.suppressCc
1697 </dt>
1698 <dt class="hdlist1">
1699 sendemail.suppressFrom
1700 </dt>
1701 <dt class="hdlist1">
1702 sendemail.to
1703 </dt>
1704 <dt class="hdlist1">
1705 sendemail.toCmd
1706 </dt>
1707 <dt class="hdlist1">
1708 sendemail.smtpDomain
1709 </dt>
1710 <dt class="hdlist1">
1711 sendemail.smtpServer
1712 </dt>
1713 <dt class="hdlist1">
1714 sendemail.smtpServerPort
1715 </dt>
1716 <dt class="hdlist1">
1717 sendemail.smtpServerOption
1718 </dt>
1719 <dt class="hdlist1">
1720 sendemail.smtpUser
1721 </dt>
1722 <dt class="hdlist1">
1723 sendemail.thread
1724 </dt>
1725 <dt class="hdlist1">
1726 sendemail.transferEncoding
1727 </dt>
1728 <dt class="hdlist1">
1729 sendemail.validate
1730 </dt>
1731 <dt class="hdlist1">
1732 sendemail.xmailer
1733 </dt>
1734 <dd>
1735 <p>
1736         These configuration variables all provide a default for
1737         <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a> command-line options. See its
1738         documentation for details.
1739 </p>
1740 </dd>
1741 <dt class="hdlist1">
1742 sendemail.signedOffCc (deprecated)
1743 </dt>
1744 <dd>
1745 <p>
1746         Deprecated alias for <code>sendemail.signedOffByCc</code>.
1747 </p>
1748 </dd>
1749 <dt class="hdlist1">
1750 sendemail.smtpBatchSize
1751 </dt>
1752 <dd>
1753 <p>
1754         Number of messages to be sent per connection, after that a relogin
1755         will happen.  If the value is 0 or undefined, send all messages in
1756         one connection.
1757         See also the <code>--batch-size</code> option of <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a>.
1758 </p>
1759 </dd>
1760 <dt class="hdlist1">
1761 sendemail.smtpReloginDelay
1762 </dt>
1763 <dd>
1764 <p>
1765         Seconds to wait before reconnecting to the smtp server.
1766         See also the <code>--relogin-delay</code> option of <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a>.
1767 </p>
1768 </dd>
1769 <dt class="hdlist1">
1770 sendemail.forbidSendmailVariables
1771 </dt>
1772 <dd>
1773 <p>
1774         To avoid common misconfiguration mistakes, <a href="git-send-email.html">git-send-email(1)</a>
1775         will abort with a warning if any configuration options for "sendmail"
1776         exist. Set this variable to bypass the check.
1777 </p>
1778 </dd>
1779 </dl></div>
1780 </div>
1781 </div>
1782 <div class="sect1">
1783 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
1784 <div class="sectionbody">
1785 <div class="sect2">
1786 <h3 id="_use_gmail_as_the_smtp_server">Use gmail as the smtp server</h3>
1787 <div class="paragraph"><p>To use <em>git send-email</em> to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server,
1788 edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:</p></div>
1789 <div class="listingblock">
1790 <div class="content">
1791 <pre><code>[sendemail]
1792         smtpEncryption = tls
1793         smtpServer = smtp.gmail.com
1794         smtpUser = yourname@gmail.com
1795         smtpServerPort = 587</code></pre>
1796 </div></div>
1797 <div class="paragraph"><p>If you have multi-factor authentication set up on your Gmail account, you can
1798 generate an app-specific password for use with <em>git send-email</em>. Visit
1799 <a href="https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords">https://security.google.com/settings/security/apppasswords</a> to create it.</p></div>
1800 <div class="paragraph"><p>Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
1801 following commands:</p></div>
1802 <div class="literalblock">
1803 <div class="content">
1804 <pre><code>$ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/
1805 $ edit outgoing/0000-*
1806 $ git send-email outgoing/*</code></pre>
1807 </div></div>
1808 <div class="paragraph"><p>The first time you run it, you will be prompted for your credentials.  Enter the
1809 app-specific or your regular password as appropriate.  If you have credential
1810 helper configured (see <a href="git-credential.html">git-credential(1)</a>), the password will be saved in
1811 the credential store so you won&#8217;t have to type it the next time.</p></div>
1812 <div class="paragraph"><p>Note: the following core Perl modules that may be installed with your
1813 distribution of Perl are required:
1814 MIME::Base64, MIME::QuotedPrint, Net::Domain and Net::SMTP.
1815 These additional Perl modules are also required:
1816 Authen::SASL and Mail::Address.</p></div>
1817 </div>
1818 </div>
1819 </div>
1820 <div class="sect1">
1821 <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
1822 <div class="sectionbody">
1823 <div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-format-patch.html">git-format-patch(1)</a>, <a href="git-imap-send.html">git-imap-send(1)</a>, mbox(5)</p></div>
1824 </div>
1825 </div>
1826 <div class="sect1">
1827 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1828 <div class="sectionbody">
1829 <div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div>
1830 </div>
1831 </div>
1832 </div>
1833 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
1834 <div id="footer">
1835 <div id="footer-text">
1836 Last updated
1837  2024-03-01 17:30:58 PST
1838 </div>
1839 </div>
1840 </body>
1841 </html>