howto/using-merge-subtree.html

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 735 <body class="article">
 736 <div id="header">
 737 <h1>How to use the subtree merge strategy</h1>
 738 <span id="revdate">2023-06-26</span>
 739 </div>
 740 <div id="content">
 741 <div id="preamble">
 742 <div class="sectionbody">
 743 <div class="paragraph"><p>There are situations where you want to include contents in your project
 744 from an independently developed project. You can just pull from the
 745 other project as long as there are no conflicting paths.</p></div>
 746 <div class="paragraph"><p>The problematic case is when there are conflicting files. Potential
 747 candidates are Makefiles and other standard filenames. You could merge
 748 these files but probably you do not want to.  A better solution for this
 749 problem can be to merge the project as its own subdirectory. This is not
 750 supported by the <em>recursive</em> merge strategy, so just pulling won&#8217;t work.</p></div>
 751 <div class="paragraph"><p>What you want is the <em>subtree</em> merge strategy, which helps you in such a
 752 situation.</p></div>
 753 <div class="paragraph"><p>In this example, let&#8217;s say you have the repository at <code>/path/to/B</code> (but
 754 it can be a URL as well, if you want). You want to merge the <em>master</em>
 755 branch of that repository to the <code>dir-B</code> subdirectory in your current
 756 branch.</p></div>
 757 <div class="paragraph"><p>Here is the command sequence you need:</p></div>
 758 <div class="listingblock">
 759 <div class="content">
 760 <pre><code>$ git remote add -f Bproject /path/to/B <b>&lt;1&gt;</b>
 761 $ git merge -s ours --no-commit --allow-unrelated-histories Bproject/master <b>&lt;2&gt;</b>
 762 $ git read-tree --prefix=dir-B/ -u Bproject/master <b>&lt;3&gt;</b>
 763 $ git commit -m "Merge B project as our subdirectory" <b>&lt;4&gt;</b>
 764
 765 $ git pull -s subtree Bproject master <b>&lt;5&gt;</b></code></pre>
 766 </div></div>
 767 <div class="colist arabic"><ol>
 768 <li>
 769 <p>
 770 name the other project "Bproject", and fetch.
 771 </p>
 772 </li>
 773 <li>
 774 <p>
 775 prepare for the later step to record the result as a merge.
 776 </p>
 777 </li>
 778 <li>
 779 <p>
 780 read "master" branch of Bproject to the subdirectory "dir-B".
 781 </p>
 782 </li>
 783 <li>
 784 <p>
 785 record the merge result.
 786 </p>
 787 </li>
 788 <li>
 789 <p>
 790 maintain the result with subsequent merges using "subtree"
 791 </p>
 792 </li>
 793 </ol></div>
 794 <div class="paragraph"><p>The first four commands are used for the initial merge, while the last
 795 one is to merge updates from <em>B project</em>.</p></div>
 796 </div>
 797 </div>
 798 <div class="sect1">
 799 <h2 id="_comparing_em_subtree_em_merge_with_submodules">Comparing <em>subtree</em> merge with submodules</h2>
 800 <div class="sectionbody">
 801 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 802 <li>
 803 <p>
 804 The benefit of using subtree merge is that it requires less
 805   administrative burden from the users of your repository. It works with
 806   older (before Git v1.5.2) clients and you have the code right after
 807   clone.
 808 </p>
 809 </li>
 810 <li>
 811 <p>
 812 However if you use submodules then you can choose not to transfer the
 813   submodule objects. This may be a problem with the subtree merge.
 814 </p>
 815 </li>
 816 <li>
 817 <p>
 818 Also, in case you make changes to the other project, it is easier to
 819   submit changes if you just use submodules.
 820 </p>
 821 </li>
 822 </ul></div>
 823 </div>
 824 </div>
 825 <div class="sect1">
 826 <h2 id="_additional_tips">Additional tips</h2>
 827 <div class="sectionbody">
 828 <div class="ulist"><ul>
 829 <li>
 830 <p>
 831 If you made changes to the other project in your repository, they may
 832   want to merge from your project. This is possible using subtree&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;it
 833   can shift up the paths in your tree and then they can merge only the
 834   relevant parts of your tree.
 835 </p>
 836 </li>
 837 <li>
 838 <p>
 839 Please note that if the other project merges from you, then it will
 840   connect its history to yours, which can be something they don&#8217;t want
 841   to.
 842 </p>
 843 </li>
 844 </ul></div>
 845 </div>
 846 </div>
 847 </div>
 848 <div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
 849 <div id="footer">
 850 <div id="footer-text">
 851 Last updated
 852  2023-06-26 10:22:29 PDT
 853 </div>
 854 </div>
 855 </body>
 856 </html>