git-bisect.html

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 441 <body class="manpage">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-bisect(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-bisect - Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><em>git bisect</em> &lt;subcommand&gt; &lt;options&gt;</pre>
 455 </div>
 456 </div>
 457 </div>
 458 <div class="sect1">
 459 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 460 <div class="sectionbody">
 461 <div class="paragraph">
 462 <p>The command takes various subcommands, and different options depending
 463 on the subcommand:</p>
 464 </div>
 465 <div class="literalblock">
 466 <div class="content">
 467 <pre>git bisect start [--term-(bad|new)=&lt;term-new&gt; --term-(good|old)=&lt;term-old&gt;]
 468           [--no-checkout] [--first-parent] [&lt;bad&gt; [&lt;good&gt;...]] [--] [&lt;pathspec&gt;...]
 469 git bisect (bad|new|&lt;term-new&gt;) [&lt;rev&gt;]
 470 git bisect (good|old|&lt;term-old&gt;) [&lt;rev&gt;...]
 471 git bisect terms [--term-(good|old) | --term-(bad|new)]
 472 git bisect skip [(&lt;rev&gt;|&lt;range&gt;)...]
 473 git bisect reset [&lt;commit&gt;]
 474 git bisect (visualize|view)
 475 git bisect replay &lt;logfile&gt;
 476 git bisect log
 477 git bisect run &lt;cmd&gt; [&lt;arg&gt;...]
 478 git bisect help</pre>
 479 </div>
 480 </div>
 481 <div class="paragraph">
 482 <p>This command uses a binary search algorithm to find which commit in
 483 your project&#8217;s history introduced a bug. You use it by first telling
 484 it a "bad" commit that is known to contain the bug, and a "good"
 485 commit that is known to be before the bug was introduced. Then <code>git</code>
 486 <code>bisect</code> picks a commit between those two endpoints and asks you
 487 whether the selected commit is "good" or "bad". It continues narrowing
 488 down the range until it finds the exact commit that introduced the
 489 change.</p>
 490 </div>
 491 <div class="paragraph">
 492 <p>In fact, <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> can be used to find the commit that changed
 493 <strong>any</strong> property of your project; e.g., the commit that fixed a bug, or
 494 the commit that caused a benchmark&#8217;s performance to improve. To
 495 support this more general usage, the terms "old" and "new" can be used
 496 in place of "good" and "bad", or you can choose your own terms. See
 497 section "Alternate terms" below for more information.</p>
 498 </div>
 499 <div class="sect2">
 500 <h3 id="_basic_bisect_commands_start_bad_good">Basic bisect commands: start, bad, good</h3>
 501 <div class="paragraph">
 502 <p>As an example, suppose you are trying to find the commit that broke a
 503 feature that was known to work in version <code>v2.6.13-rc2</code> of your
 504 project. You start a bisect session as follows:</p>
 505 </div>
 506 <div class="listingblock">
 507 <div class="content">
 508 <pre>$ git bisect start
 509 $ git bisect bad                 # Current version is bad
 510 $ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2    # v2.6.13-rc2 is known to be good</pre>
 511 </div>
 512 </div>
 513 <div class="paragraph">
 514 <p>Once you have specified at least one bad and one good commit, <code>git</code>
 515 <code>bisect</code> selects a commit in the middle of that range of history,
 516 checks it out, and outputs something similar to the following:</p>
 517 </div>
 518 <div class="listingblock">
 519 <div class="content">
 520 <pre>Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this (roughly 10 steps)</pre>
 521 </div>
 522 </div>
 523 <div class="paragraph">
 524 <p>You should now compile the checked-out version and test it. If that
 525 version works correctly, type</p>
 526 </div>
 527 <div class="listingblock">
 528 <div class="content">
 529 <pre>$ git bisect good</pre>
 530 </div>
 531 </div>
 532 <div class="paragraph">
 533 <p>If that version is broken, type</p>
 534 </div>
 535 <div class="listingblock">
 536 <div class="content">
 537 <pre>$ git bisect bad</pre>
 538 </div>
 539 </div>
 540 <div class="paragraph">
 541 <p>Then <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> will respond with something like</p>
 542 </div>
 543 <div class="listingblock">
 544 <div class="content">
 545 <pre>Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this (roughly 9 steps)</pre>
 546 </div>
 547 </div>
 548 <div class="paragraph">
 549 <p>Keep repeating the process: compile the tree, test it, and depending
 550 on whether it is good or bad run <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>good</code> or <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>bad</code>
 551 to ask for the next commit that needs testing.</p>
 552 </div>
 553 <div class="paragraph">
 554 <p>Eventually there will be no more revisions left to inspect, and the
 555 command will print out a description of the first bad commit. The
 556 reference <code>refs/bisect/bad</code> will be left pointing at that commit.</p>
 557 </div>
 558 </div>
 559 <div class="sect2">
 560 <h3 id="_bisect_reset">Bisect reset</h3>
 561 <div class="paragraph">
 562 <p>After a bisect session, to clean up the bisection state and return to
 563 the original HEAD, issue the following command:</p>
 564 </div>
 565 <div class="listingblock">
 566 <div class="content">
 567 <pre>$ git bisect reset</pre>
 568 </div>
 569 </div>
 570 <div class="paragraph">
 571 <p>By default, this will return your tree to the commit that was checked
 572 out before <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>start</code>.  (A new <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>start</code> will also do
 573 that, as it cleans up the old bisection state.)</p>
 574 </div>
 575 <div class="paragraph">
 576 <p>With an optional argument, you can return to a different commit
 577 instead:</p>
 578 </div>
 579 <div class="listingblock">
 580 <div class="content">
 581 <pre>$ git bisect reset &lt;commit&gt;</pre>
 582 </div>
 583 </div>
 584 <div class="paragraph">
 585 <p>For example, <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>reset</code> <code>bisect/bad</code> will check out the first
 586 bad revision, while <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>reset</code> <code>HEAD</code> will leave you on the
 587 current bisection commit and avoid switching commits at all.</p>
 588 </div>
 589 </div>
 590 <div class="sect2">
 591 <h3 id="_alternate_terms">Alternate terms</h3>
 592 <div class="paragraph">
 593 <p>Sometimes you are not looking for the commit that introduced a
 594 breakage, but rather for a commit that caused a change between some
 595 other "old" state and "new" state. For example, you might be looking
 596 for the commit that introduced a particular fix. Or you might be
 597 looking for the first commit in which the source-code filenames were
 598 finally all converted to your company&#8217;s naming standard. Or whatever.</p>
 599 </div>
 600 <div class="paragraph">
 601 <p>In such cases it can be very confusing to use the terms "good" and
 602 "bad" to refer to "the state before the change" and "the state after
 603 the change". So instead, you can use the terms "old" and "new",
 604 respectively, in place of "good" and "bad". (But note that you cannot
 605 mix "good" and "bad" with "old" and "new" in a single session.)</p>
 606 </div>
 607 <div class="paragraph">
 608 <p>In this more general usage, you provide <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> with a "new"
 609 commit that has some property and an "old" commit that doesn&#8217;t have that
 610 property. Each time <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> checks out a commit, you test if that
 611 commit has the property. If it does, mark the commit as "new";
 612 otherwise, mark it as "old". When the bisection is done, <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code>
 613 will report which commit introduced the property.</p>
 614 </div>
 615 <div class="paragraph">
 616 <p>To use "old" and "new" instead of "good" and bad, you must run <code>git</code>
 617 <code>bisect</code> <code>start</code> without commits as argument and then run the following
 618 commands to add the commits:</p>
 619 </div>
 620 <div class="listingblock">
 621 <div class="content">
 622 <pre>git bisect old [&lt;rev&gt;]</pre>
 623 </div>
 624 </div>
 625 <div class="paragraph">
 626 <p>to indicate that a commit was before the sought change, or</p>
 627 </div>
 628 <div class="listingblock">
 629 <div class="content">
 630 <pre>git bisect new [&lt;rev&gt;...]</pre>
 631 </div>
 632 </div>
 633 <div class="paragraph">
 634 <p>to indicate that it was after.</p>
 635 </div>
 636 <div class="paragraph">
 637 <p>To get a reminder of the currently used terms, use</p>
 638 </div>
 639 <div class="listingblock">
 640 <div class="content">
 641 <pre>git bisect terms</pre>
 642 </div>
 643 </div>
 644 <div class="paragraph">
 645 <p>You can get just the old term with <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>terms</code> <code>--term-old</code>
 646 or <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>terms</code> <code>--term-good</code>; <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>terms</code> <code>--term-new</code>
 647 and <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>terms</code> <code>--term-bad</code> can be used to learn how to call
 648 the commits more recent than the sought change.</p>
 649 </div>
 650 <div class="paragraph">
 651 <p>If you would like to use your own terms instead of "bad"/"good" or
 652 "new"/"old", you can choose any names you like (except existing bisect
 653 subcommands like <code>reset</code>, <code>start</code>, &#8230;&#8203;) by starting the
 654 bisection using</p>
 655 </div>
 656 <div class="listingblock">
 657 <div class="content">
 658 <pre>git bisect start --term-old &lt;term-old&gt; --term-new &lt;term-new&gt;</pre>
 659 </div>
 660 </div>
 661 <div class="paragraph">
 662 <p>For example, if you are looking for a commit that introduced a
 663 performance regression, you might use</p>
 664 </div>
 665 <div class="listingblock">
 666 <div class="content">
 667 <pre>git bisect start --term-old fast --term-new slow</pre>
 668 </div>
 669 </div>
 670 <div class="paragraph">
 671 <p>Or if you are looking for the commit that fixed a bug, you might use</p>
 672 </div>
 673 <div class="listingblock">
 674 <div class="content">
 675 <pre>git bisect start --term-new fixed --term-old broken</pre>
 676 </div>
 677 </div>
 678 <div class="paragraph">
 679 <p>Then, use <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <em>&lt;term-old&gt;</em> and <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <em>&lt;term-new&gt;</em> instead
 680 of <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>good</code> and <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>bad</code> to mark commits.</p>
 681 </div>
 682 </div>
 683 <div class="sect2">
 684 <h3 id="_bisect_visualizeview">Bisect visualize/view</h3>
 685 <div class="paragraph">
 686 <p>To see the currently remaining suspects in <em>gitk</em>, issue the following
 687 command during the bisection process (the subcommand <code>view</code> can be used
 688 as an alternative to <code>visualize</code>):</p>
 689 </div>
 690 <div class="listingblock">
 691 <div class="content">
 692 <pre>$ git bisect visualize</pre>
 693 </div>
 694 </div>
 695 <div class="paragraph">
 696 <p>Git detects a graphical environment through various environment variables:
 697 <code>DISPLAY</code>, which is set in X Window System environments on Unix systems.
 698 <code>SESSIONNAME</code>, which is set under Cygwin in interactive desktop sessions.
 699 <code>MSYSTEM</code>, which is set under Msys2 and Git for Windows.
 700 <code>SECURITYSESSIONID</code>, which may be set on macOS in interactive desktop sessions.</p>
 701 </div>
 702 <div class="paragraph">
 703 <p>If none of these environment variables is set, <em>git log</em> is used instead.
 704 You can also give command-line options such as <code>-p</code> and <code>--stat</code>.</p>
 705 </div>
 706 <div class="listingblock">
 707 <div class="content">
 708 <pre>$ git bisect visualize --stat</pre>
 709 </div>
 710 </div>
 711 </div>
 712 <div class="sect2">
 713 <h3 id="_bisect_log_and_bisect_replay">Bisect log and bisect replay</h3>
 714 <div class="paragraph">
 715 <p>After having marked revisions as good or bad, issue the following
 716 command to show what has been done so far:</p>
 717 </div>
 718 <div class="listingblock">
 719 <div class="content">
 720 <pre>$ git bisect log</pre>
 721 </div>
 722 </div>
 723 <div class="paragraph">
 724 <p>If you discover that you made a mistake in specifying the status of a
 725 revision, you can save the output of this command to a file, edit it to
 726 remove the incorrect entries, and then issue the following commands to
 727 return to a corrected state:</p>
 728 </div>
 729 <div class="listingblock">
 730 <div class="content">
 731 <pre>$ git bisect reset
 732 $ git bisect replay that-file</pre>
 733 </div>
 734 </div>
 735 </div>
 736 <div class="sect2">
 737 <h3 id="_avoiding_testing_a_commit">Avoiding testing a commit</h3>
 738 <div class="paragraph">
 739 <p>If, in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the suggested
 740 revision is not a good one to test (e.g. it fails to build and you
 741 know that the failure does not have anything to do with the bug you
 742 are chasing), you can manually select a nearby commit and test that
 743 one instead.</p>
 744 </div>
 745 <div class="paragraph">
 746 <p>For example:</p>
 747 </div>
 748 <div class="listingblock">
 749 <div class="content">
 750 <pre>$ git bisect good/bad                   # previous round was good or bad.
 751 Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this (roughly 9 steps)
 752 $ git bisect visualize                  # oops, that is uninteresting.
 753 $ git reset --hard HEAD~3               # try 3 revisions before what
 754                                         # was suggested</pre>
 755 </div>
 756 </div>
 757 <div class="paragraph">
 758 <p>Then compile and test the chosen revision, and afterwards mark
 759 the revision as good or bad in the usual manner.</p>
 760 </div>
 761 </div>
 762 <div class="sect2">
 763 <h3 id="_bisect_skip">Bisect skip</h3>
 764 <div class="paragraph">
 765 <p>Instead of choosing a nearby commit by yourself, you can ask Git to do
 766 it for you by issuing the command:</p>
 767 </div>
 768 <div class="listingblock">
 769 <div class="content">
 770 <pre>$ git bisect skip                 # Current version cannot be tested</pre>
 771 </div>
 772 </div>
 773 <div class="paragraph">
 774 <p>However, if you skip a commit adjacent to the one you are looking for,
 775 Git will be unable to tell exactly which of those commits was the
 776 first bad one.</p>
 777 </div>
 778 <div class="paragraph">
 779 <p>You can also skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
 780 using range notation. For example:</p>
 781 </div>
 782 <div class="listingblock">
 783 <div class="content">
 784 <pre>$ git bisect skip v2.5..v2.6</pre>
 785 </div>
 786 </div>
 787 <div class="paragraph">
 788 <p>This tells the bisect process that no commit after <code>v2.5</code>, up to and
 789 including <code>v2.6</code>, should be tested.</p>
 790 </div>
 791 <div class="paragraph">
 792 <p>Note that if you also want to skip the first commit of the range you
 793 would issue the command:</p>
 794 </div>
 795 <div class="listingblock">
 796 <div class="content">
 797 <pre>$ git bisect skip v2.5 v2.5..v2.6</pre>
 798 </div>
 799 </div>
 800 <div class="paragraph">
 801 <p>This tells the bisect process that the commits between <code>v2.5</code> and
 802 <code>v2.6</code> (inclusive) should be skipped.</p>
 803 </div>
 804 </div>
 805 <div class="sect2">
 806 <h3 id="_cutting_down_bisection_by_giving_more_parameters_to_bisect_start">Cutting down bisection by giving more parameters to bisect start</h3>
 807 <div class="paragraph">
 808 <p>You can further cut down the number of trials, if you know what part of
 809 the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by specifying
 810 pathspec parameters when issuing the <code>bisect</code> <code>start</code> command:</p>
 811 </div>
 812 <div class="listingblock">
 813 <div class="content">
 814 <pre>$ git bisect start -- arch/i386 include/asm-i386</pre>
 815 </div>
 816 </div>
 817 <div class="paragraph">
 818 <p>If you know beforehand more than one good commit, you can narrow the
 819 bisect space down by specifying all of the good commits immediately after
 820 the bad commit when issuing the <code>bisect</code> <code>start</code> command:</p>
 821 </div>
 822 <div class="listingblock">
 823 <div class="content">
 824 <pre>$ git bisect start v2.6.20-rc6 v2.6.20-rc4 v2.6.20-rc1 --
 825                    # v2.6.20-rc6 is bad
 826                    # v2.6.20-rc4 and v2.6.20-rc1 are good</pre>
 827 </div>
 828 </div>
 829 </div>
 830 <div class="sect2">
 831 <h3 id="_bisect_run">Bisect run</h3>
 832 <div class="paragraph">
 833 <p>If you have a script that can tell if the current source code is good
 834 or bad, you can bisect by issuing the command:</p>
 835 </div>
 836 <div class="listingblock">
 837 <div class="content">
 838 <pre>$ git bisect run my_script arguments</pre>
 839 </div>
 840 </div>
 841 <div class="paragraph">
 842 <p>Note that the script (<code>my_script</code> in the above example) should exit
 843 with code 0 if the current source code is good/old, and exit with a
 844 code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current source
 845 code is bad/new.</p>
 846 </div>
 847 <div class="paragraph">
 848 <p>Any other exit code will abort the bisect process. It should be noted
 849 that a program that terminates via <code>exit</code>(<code>-1</code>) leaves $? = 255, (see the
 850 exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with &amp; <code>0377</code>.</p>
 851 </div>
 852 <div class="paragraph">
 853 <p>The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code
 854 cannot be tested. If the script exits with this code, the current
 855 revision will be skipped (see <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>skip</code> above). 125 was chosen
 856 as the highest sensible value to use for this purpose, because 126 and 127
 857 are used by POSIX shells to signal specific error status (127 is for
 858 command not found, 126 is for command found but not executable&#8212;&#8203;these
 859 details do not matter, as they are normal errors in the script, as far as
 860 <code>bisect</code> <code>run</code> is concerned).</p>
 861 </div>
 862 <div class="paragraph">
 863 <p>You may often find that during a bisect session you want to have
 864 temporary modifications (e.g. s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a
 865 header file, or "revision that does not have this commit needs this
 866 patch applied to work around another problem this bisection is not
 867 interested in") applied to the revision being tested.</p>
 868 </div>
 869 <div class="paragraph">
 870 <p>To cope with such a situation, after the inner <em>git bisect</em> finds the
 871 next revision to test, the script can apply the patch
 872 before compiling, run the real test, and afterwards decide if the
 873 revision (possibly with the needed patch) passed the test and then
 874 rewind the tree to the pristine state.  Finally the script should exit
 875 with the status of the real test to let the <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>run</code> command loop
 876 determine the eventual outcome of the bisect session.</p>
 877 </div>
 878 </div>
 879 </div>
 880 </div>
 881 <div class="sect1">
 882 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 883 <div class="sectionbody">
 884 <div class="dlist">
 885 <dl>
 886 <dt class="hdlist1">--no-checkout</dt>
 887 <dd>
 888 <div class="paragraph">
 889 <p>Do not checkout the new working tree at each iteration of the bisection
 890 process. Instead just update the reference named <code>BISECT_HEAD</code> to make
 891 it point to the commit that should be tested.</p>
 892 </div>
 893 <div class="paragraph">
 894 <p>This option may be useful when the test you would perform in each step
 895 does not require a checked out tree.</p>
 896 </div>
 897 <div class="paragraph">
 898 <p>If the repository is bare, <code>--no-checkout</code> is assumed.</p>
 899 </div>
 900 </dd>
 901 <dt class="hdlist1">--first-parent</dt>
 902 <dd>
 903 <div class="paragraph">
 904 <p>Follow only the first parent commit upon seeing a merge commit.</p>
 905 </div>
 906 <div class="paragraph">
 907 <p>In detecting regressions introduced through the merging of a branch, the merge
 908 commit will be identified as introduction of the bug and its ancestors will be
 909 ignored.</p>
 910 </div>
 911 <div class="paragraph">
 912 <p>This option is particularly useful in avoiding false positives when a merged
 913 branch contained broken or non-buildable commits, but the merge itself was OK.</p>
 914 </div>
 915 </dd>
 916 </dl>
 917 </div>
 918 </div>
 919 </div>
 920 <div class="sect1">
 921 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
 922 <div class="sectionbody">
 923 <div class="ulist">
 924 <ul>
 925 <li>
 926 <p>Automatically bisect a broken build between v1.2 and HEAD:</p>
 927 <div class="listingblock">
 928 <div class="content">
 929 <pre>$ git bisect start HEAD v1.2 --      # HEAD is bad, v1.2 is good
 930 $ git bisect run make                # "make" builds the app
 931 $ git bisect reset                   # quit the bisect session</pre>
 932 </div>
 933 </div>
 934 </li>
 935 <li>
 936 <p>Automatically bisect a test failure between origin and HEAD:</p>
 937 <div class="listingblock">
 938 <div class="content">
 939 <pre>$ git bisect start HEAD origin --    # HEAD is bad, origin is good
 940 $ git bisect run make test           # "make test" builds and tests
 941 $ git bisect reset                   # quit the bisect session</pre>
 942 </div>
 943 </div>
 944 </li>
 945 <li>
 946 <p>Automatically bisect a broken test case:</p>
 947 <div class="listingblock">
 948 <div class="content">
 949 <pre>$ cat ~/test.sh
 950 #!/bin/sh
 951 make || exit 125                     # this skips broken builds
 952 ~/check_test_case.sh                 # does the test case pass?
 953 $ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
 954 $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
 955 $ git bisect reset                   # quit the bisect session</pre>
 956 </div>
 957 </div>
 958 <div class="paragraph">
 959 <p>Here we use a <code>test.sh</code> custom script. In this script, if <code>make</code>
 960 fails, we skip the current commit.
 961 <code>check_test_case.sh</code> should <code>exit</code> <code>0</code> if the test case passes,
 962 and <code>exit</code> <code>1</code> otherwise.</p>
 963 </div>
 964 <div class="paragraph">
 965 <p>It is safer if both <code>test.sh</code> and <code>check_test_case.sh</code> are
 966 outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect,
 967 make and test processes and the scripts.</p>
 968 </div>
 969 </li>
 970 <li>
 971 <p>Automatically bisect with temporary modifications (hot-fix):</p>
 972 <div class="listingblock">
 973 <div class="content">
 974 <pre>$ cat ~/test.sh
 975 #!/bin/sh
 976
 977 # tweak the working tree by merging the hot-fix branch
 978 # and then attempt a build
 979 if      git merge --no-commit --no-ff hot-fix &amp;&amp;
 980         make
 981 then
 982         # run project specific test and report its status
 983         ~/check_test_case.sh
 984         status=$?
 985 else
 986         # tell the caller this is untestable
 987         status=125
 988 fi
 989
 990 # undo the tweak to allow clean flipping to the next commit
 991 git reset --hard
 992
 993 # return control
 994 exit $status</pre>
 995 </div>
 996 </div>
 997 <div class="paragraph">
 998 <p>This applies modifications from a hot-fix branch before each test run,
 999 e.g. in case your build or test environment changed so that older
1000 revisions may need a fix which newer ones have already. (Make sure the
1001 hot-fix branch is based off a commit which is contained in all revisions
1002 which you are bisecting, so that the merge does not pull in too much, or
1003 use <code>git</code> <code>cherry-pick</code> instead of <code>git</code> <code>merge</code>.)</p>
1004 </div>
1005 </li>
1006 <li>
1007 <p>Automatically bisect a broken test case:</p>
1008 <div class="listingblock">
1009 <div class="content">
1010 <pre>$ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 --   # culprit is among the last 10
1011 $ git bisect run sh -c "make || exit 125; ~/check_test_case.sh"
1012 $ git bisect reset                   # quit the bisect session</pre>
1013 </div>
1014 </div>
1015 <div class="paragraph">
1016 <p>This shows that you can do without a run script if you write the test
1017 on a single line.</p>
1018 </div>
1019 </li>
1020 <li>
1021 <p>Locate a good region of the object graph in a damaged repository</p>
1022 <div class="listingblock">
1023 <div class="content">
1024 <pre>$ git bisect start HEAD &lt;known-good-commit&gt; [ &lt;boundary-commit&gt; ... ] --no-checkout
1025 $ git bisect run sh -c '
1026         GOOD=$(git for-each-ref "--format=%(objectname)" refs/bisect/good-*) &amp;&amp;
1027         git rev-list --objects BISECT_HEAD --not $GOOD &gt;tmp.$$ &amp;&amp;
1028         git pack-objects --stdout &gt;/dev/null &lt;tmp.$$
1029         rc=$?
1030         rm -f tmp.$$
1031         test $rc = 0'
1032
1033 $ git bisect reset                   # quit the bisect session</pre>
1034 </div>
1035 </div>
1036 <div class="paragraph">
1037 <p>In this case, when <em>git bisect run</em> finishes, bisect/bad will refer to a commit that
1038 has at least one parent whose reachable graph is fully traversable in the sense
1039 required by <em>git pack objects</em>.</p>
1040 </div>
1041 </li>
1042 <li>
1043 <p>Look for a fix instead of a regression in the code</p>
1044 <div class="listingblock">
1045 <div class="content">
1046 <pre>$ git bisect start
1047 $ git bisect new HEAD    # current commit is marked as new
1048 $ git bisect old HEAD~10 # the tenth commit from now is marked as old</pre>
1049 </div>
1050 </div>
1051 <div class="paragraph">
1052 <p>or:</p>
1053 </div>
1054 </li>
1055 </ul>
1056 </div>
1057 <div class="listingblock">
1058 <div class="content">
1059 <pre>$ git bisect start --term-old broken --term-new fixed
1060 $ git bisect fixed
1061 $ git bisect broken HEAD~10</pre>
1062 </div>
1063 </div>
1064 <div class="sect2">
1065 <h3 id="_getting_help">Getting help</h3>
1066 <div class="paragraph">
1067 <p>Use <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> to get a short usage description, and <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code>
1068 <code>help</code> or <code>git</code> <code>bisect</code> <code>-h</code> to get a long usage description.</p>
1069 </div>
1070 </div>
1071 </div>
1072 </div>
1073 <div class="sect1">
1074 <h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2>
1075 <div class="sectionbody">
1076 <div class="paragraph">
1077 <p><a href="git-bisect-lk2009.html">Fighting regressions with git bisect</a>,
1078 <a href="git-blame.html">git-blame(1)</a>.</p>
1079 </div>
1080 </div>
1081 </div>
1082 <div class="sect1">
1083 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
1084 <div class="sectionbody">
1085 <div class="paragraph">
1086 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
1087 </div>
1088 </div>
1089 </div>
1090 </div>
1091 <div id="footer">
1092 <div id="footer-text">
1093 Last updated 2024-02-12 13:29:13 -0800
1094 </div>
1095 </div>
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