git-init.html

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 441 <body class="manpage">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>git-init(1) Manual Page</h1>
 444 <h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
 445 <div class="sectionbody">
 446 <p>git-init - Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one</p>
 447 </div>
 448 </div>
 449 <div id="content">
 450 <div class="sect1">
 451 <h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
 452 <div class="sectionbody">
 453 <div class="verseblock">
 454 <pre class="content"><code>git</code> <code>init</code> [<code>-q</code> | <code>--quiet</code>] [<code>--bare</code>] [<code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em>]
 455          [<code>--separate-git-dir</code> <em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em>] [<code>--object-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em>]
 456          [<code>--ref-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em>]
 457          [<code>-b</code> <em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em> | <code>--initial-branch=</code><em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em>]
 458          [<code>--shared</code>[<code>=</code><em>&lt;permissions&gt;</em>]] [<em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>]</pre>
 459 </div>
 460 </div>
 461 </div>
 462 <div class="sect1">
 463 <h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
 464 <div class="sectionbody">
 465 <div class="paragraph">
 466 <p>This command creates an empty Git repository - basically a .<code>git</code>
 467 directory with subdirectories for <code>objects</code>, <code>refs/heads</code>,
 468 <code>refs/tags</code>, and template files.  An initial branch without any
 469 commits will be created (see the <code>--initial-branch</code> option below
 470 for its name).</p>
 471 </div>
 472 <div class="paragraph">
 473 <p>If the <code>GIT_DIR</code> environment variable is set then it specifies a path
 474 to use instead of .<code>/.git</code> for the base of the repository.</p>
 475 </div>
 476 <div class="paragraph">
 477 <p>If the object storage directory is specified via the
 478 <code>GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY</code> environment variable then the sha1 directories
 479 are created underneath; otherwise, the default <code>$GIT_DIR/objects</code>
 480 directory is used.</p>
 481 </div>
 482 <div class="paragraph">
 483 <p>Running <code>git</code> <code>init</code> in an existing repository is safe. It will not
 484 overwrite things that are already there. The primary reason for
 485 rerunning <code>git</code> <code>init</code> is to pick up newly added templates (or to move
 486 the repository to another place if <code>--separate-git-dir</code> is given).</p>
 487 </div>
 488 </div>
 489 </div>
 490 <div class="sect1">
 491 <h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
 492 <div class="sectionbody">
 493 <div class="dlist">
 494 <dl>
 495 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-q</code></dt>
 496 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--quiet</code></dt>
 497 <dd>
 498 <p>Only print error and warning messages; all other output will be suppressed.</p>
 499 </dd>
 500 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--bare</code></dt>
 501 <dd>
 502 <p>Create a bare repository. If <code>GIT_DIR</code> environment is not set, it is set to the
 503 current working directory.</p>
 504 </dd>
 505 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--object-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em></dt>
 506 <dd>
 507 <p>Specify the given object <em>&lt;format&gt;</em> (hash algorithm) for the repository.  The valid
 508 values are <code>sha1</code> and (if enabled) <code>sha256</code>.  <code>sha1</code> is the default.</p>
 509 <div class="paragraph">
 510 <p>Note: At present, there is no interoperability between SHA-256
 511 repositories and SHA-1 repositories.</p>
 512 </div>
 513 </dd>
 514 </dl>
 515 </div>
 516 <div class="paragraph">
 517 <p>Historically, we warned that SHA-256 repositories may later need
 518 backward incompatible changes when we introduce such interoperability
 519 features. Today, we only expect compatible changes. Furthermore, if such
 520 changes prove to be necessary, it can be expected that SHA-256 repositories
 521 created with today&#8217;s Git will be usable by future versions of Git
 522 without data loss.</p>
 523 </div>
 524 <div class="dlist">
 525 <dl>
 526 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--ref-format=</code><em>&lt;format&gt;</em></dt>
 527 <dd>
 528 <p>Specify the given ref storage <em>&lt;format&gt;</em> for the repository. The valid values are:</p>
 529 <div class="ulist">
 530 <ul>
 531 <li>
 532 <p><code>files</code> for loose files with packed-refs. This is the default.</p>
 533 </li>
 534 <li>
 535 <p><code>reftable</code> for the reftable format. This format is experimental and its
 536 internals are subject to change.</p>
 537 </li>
 538 </ul>
 539 </div>
 540 </dd>
 541 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--template=</code><em>&lt;template-directory&gt;</em></dt>
 542 <dd>
 543 <p>Specify the directory from which templates will be used.  (See the "TEMPLATE
 544 DIRECTORY" section below.)</p>
 545 </dd>
 546 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--separate-git-dir=</code><em>&lt;git-dir&gt;</em></dt>
 547 <dd>
 548 <p>Instead of initializing the repository as a directory to either <code>$GIT_DIR</code> or
 549 .<code>/.git/</code>, create a text file there containing the path to the actual
 550 repository.  This file acts as a filesystem-agnostic Git symbolic link to the
 551 repository.</p>
 552 <div class="paragraph">
 553 <p>If this is a reinitialization, the repository will be moved to the specified path.</p>
 554 </div>
 555 </dd>
 556 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>-b</code> <em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em></dt>
 557 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--initial-branch=</code><em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em></dt>
 558 <dd>
 559 <p>Use <em>&lt;branch-name&gt;</em> for the initial branch in the newly created
 560 repository.  If not specified, fall back to the default name (currently
 561 <code>master</code>, but this is subject to change in the future; the name can be
 562 customized via the <code>init.defaultBranch</code> configuration variable).</p>
 563 </dd>
 564 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>--shared</code>[<code>=</code>(<code>false</code>|<code>true</code>|<code>umask</code>|<code>group</code>|<code>all</code>|<code>world</code>|<code>everybody</code>|<em>&lt;perm&gt;</em>)]</dt>
 565 <dd>
 566 <p>Specify that the Git repository is to be shared amongst several users.  This
 567 allows users belonging to the same group to push into that
 568 repository.  When specified, the config variable <code>core.sharedRepository</code> is
 569 set so that files and directories under <code>$GIT_DIR</code> are created with the
 570 requested permissions.  When not specified, Git will use permissions reported
 571 by <code>umask</code>(2).</p>
 572 <div class="paragraph">
 573 <p>The option can have the following values, defaulting to <code>group</code> if no value
 574 is given:</p>
 575 </div>
 576 <div class="openblock">
 577 <div class="content">
 578 <div class="dlist">
 579 <dl>
 580 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>umask</code></dt>
 581 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>false</code></dt>
 582 <dd>
 583 <p>Use permissions reported by <code>umask</code>(2). The default, when <code>--shared</code> is not
 584 specified.</p>
 585 </dd>
 586 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>group</code></dt>
 587 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>true</code></dt>
 588 <dd>
 589 <p>Make the repository group-writable, (and <code>g+sx</code>, since the git group may not be
 590 the primary group of all users). This is used to loosen the permissions of an
 591 otherwise safe <code>umask</code>(2) value. Note that the umask still applies to the other
 592 permission bits (e.g. if umask is <code>0022</code>, using <code>group</code> will not remove read
 593 privileges from other (non-group) users). See <code>0xxx</code> for how to exactly specify
 594 the repository permissions.</p>
 595 </dd>
 596 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>all</code></dt>
 597 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>world</code></dt>
 598 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>everybody</code></dt>
 599 <dd>
 600 <p>Same as <code>group</code>, but make the repository readable by all users.</p>
 601 </dd>
 602 <dt class="hdlist1"><em>&lt;perm&gt;</em></dt>
 603 <dd>
 604 <p><em>&lt;perm&gt;</em> is a 3-digit octal number prefixed with <code>0</code> and each file
 605 will have mode <em>&lt;perm&gt;</em>. <em>&lt;perm&gt;</em> will override users' <code>umask</code>(2)
 606 value (and not only loosen permissions as <code>group</code> and <code>all</code>
 607 do). <code>0640</code> will create a repository which is group-readable, but
 608 not group-writable or accessible to others. <code>0660</code> will create a repo
 609 that is readable and writable to the current user and group, but
 610 inaccessible to others (directories and executable files get their
 611 <code>x</code> bit from the <code>r</code> bit for corresponding classes of users).</p>
 612 </dd>
 613 </dl>
 614 </div>
 615 </div>
 616 </div>
 617 </dd>
 618 </dl>
 619 </div>
 620 <div class="paragraph">
 621 <p>By default, the configuration flag <code>receive.denyNonFastForwards</code> is enabled
 622 in shared repositories, so that you cannot force a non fast-forwarding push
 623 into it.</p>
 624 </div>
 625 <div class="paragraph">
 626 <p>If you provide a <em>&lt;directory&gt;</em>, the command is run inside it. If this directory
 627 does not exist, it will be created.</p>
 628 </div>
 629 </div>
 630 </div>
 631 <div class="sect1">
 632 <h2 id="_template_directory">TEMPLATE DIRECTORY</h2>
 633 <div class="sectionbody">
 634 <div class="paragraph">
 635 <p>Files and directories in the template directory whose name do not start with a
 636 dot will be copied to the <code>$GIT_DIR</code> after it is created.</p>
 637 </div>
 638 <div class="paragraph">
 639 <p>The template directory will be one of the following (in order):</p>
 640 </div>
 641 <div class="ulist">
 642 <ul>
 643 <li>
 644 <p>the argument given with the <code>--template</code> option;</p>
 645 </li>
 646 <li>
 647 <p>the contents of the <code>$GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR</code> environment variable;</p>
 648 </li>
 649 <li>
 650 <p>the <code>init.templateDir</code> configuration variable; or</p>
 651 </li>
 652 <li>
 653 <p>the default template directory: <code>/usr/share/git-core/templates</code>.</p>
 654 </li>
 655 </ul>
 656 </div>
 657 <div class="paragraph">
 658 <p>The default template directory includes some directory structure, suggested
 659 "exclude patterns" (see <a href="gitignore.html">gitignore(5)</a>), and sample hook files.</p>
 660 </div>
 661 <div class="paragraph">
 662 <p>The sample hooks are all disabled by default. To enable one of the
 663 sample hooks rename it by removing its .<code>sample</code> suffix.</p>
 664 </div>
 665 <div class="paragraph">
 666 <p>See <a href="githooks.html">githooks(5)</a> for more general info on hook execution.</p>
 667 </div>
 668 </div>
 669 </div>
 670 <div class="sect1">
 671 <h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
 672 <div class="sectionbody">
 673 <div class="dlist">
 674 <dl>
 675 <dt class="hdlist1">Start a new Git repository for an existing code base</dt>
 676 <dd>
 677 <div class="listingblock">
 678 <div class="content">
 679 <pre>$ cd /path/to/my/codebase
 680 $ git init      <b class="conum">(1)</b>
 681 $ git add .     <b class="conum">(2)</b>
 682 $ git commit    <b class="conum">(3)</b></pre>
 683 </div>
 684 </div>
 685 <div class="colist arabic">
 686 <ol>
 687 <li>
 688 <p>Create a <code>/path/to/my/codebase/.git</code> directory.</p>
 689 </li>
 690 <li>
 691 <p>Add all existing files to the index.</p>
 692 </li>
 693 <li>
 694 <p>Record the pristine state as the first commit in the history.</p>
 695 </li>
 696 </ol>
 697 </div>
 698 </dd>
 699 </dl>
 700 </div>
 701 </div>
 702 </div>
 703 <div class="sect1">
 704 <h2 id="_configuration">CONFIGURATION</h2>
 705 <div class="sectionbody">
 706 <div class="paragraph">
 707 <p>Everything below this line in this section is selectively included
 708 from the <a href="git-config.html">git-config(1)</a> documentation. The content is the same
 709 as what&#8217;s found there:</p>
 710 </div>
 711 <div class="dlist">
 712 <dl>
 713 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.templateDir</code></dt>
 714 <dd>
 715 <p>Specify the directory from which templates will be copied. </p>
 716 </dd>
 717 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultBranch</code></dt>
 718 <dd>
 719 <p>Allows overriding the default branch name e.g. when initializing
 720 a new repository.</p>
 721 </dd>
 722 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultObjectFormat</code></dt>
 723 <dd>
 724 <p>Allows overriding the default object format for new repositories. See
 725 <code>--object-format=</code> in <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>. Both the command line option
 726 and the <code>GIT_DEFAULT_HASH</code> environment variable take precedence over
 727 this config.</p>
 728 </dd>
 729 <dt class="hdlist1"><code>init.defaultRefFormat</code></dt>
 730 <dd>
 731 <p>Allows overriding the default ref storage format for new repositories.
 732 See <code>--ref-format=</code> in <a href="git-init.html">git-init(1)</a>. Both the command line
 733 option and the <code>GIT_DEFAULT_REF_FORMAT</code> environment variable take
 734 precedence over this config.</p>
 735 </dd>
 736 </dl>
 737 </div>
 738 </div>
 739 </div>
 740 <div class="sect1">
 741 <h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
 742 <div class="sectionbody">
 743 <div class="paragraph">
 744 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
 745 </div>
 746 </div>
 747 </div>
 748 </div>
 749 <div id="footer">
 750 <div id="footer-text">
 751 Last updated 2024-10-11 11:55:10 -0700
 752 </div>
 753 </div>
 754 </body>
 755 </html>