howto/using-merge-subtree.html

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 440 </head>
 441 <body class="article">
 442 <div id="header">
 443 <h1>How to use the subtree merge strategy</h1>
 444 <div class="details">
 445 <span id="revdate">2024-11-01</span>
 446 </div>
 447 </div>
 448 <div id="content">
 449 <div id="preamble">
 450 <div class="sectionbody">
 451 <div class="paragraph">
 452 <p>There are situations where you want to include content in your project
 453 from an independently developed project. You can just pull from the
 454 other project as long as there are no conflicting paths.</p>
 455 </div>
 456 <div class="paragraph">
 457 <p>The problematic case is when there are conflicting files. Potential
 458 candidates are Makefiles and other standard filenames. You could merge
 459 these files but probably you do not want to.  A better solution for this
 460 problem can be to merge the project as its own subdirectory. This is not
 461 supported by the <em>recursive</em> merge strategy, so just pulling won&#8217;t work.</p>
 462 </div>
 463 <div class="paragraph">
 464 <p>What you want is the <em>subtree</em> merge strategy, which helps you in such a
 465 situation.</p>
 466 </div>
 467 <div class="paragraph">
 468 <p>In this example, let&#8217;s say you have the repository at <code>/path/to/B</code> (but
 469 it can be a URL as well, if you want). You want to merge the <em>master</em>
 470 branch of that repository to the <code>dir-B</code> subdirectory in your current
 471 branch.</p>
 472 </div>
 473 <div class="paragraph">
 474 <p>Here is the command sequence you need:</p>
 475 </div>
 476 <div class="listingblock">
 477 <div class="content">
 478 <pre>$ git remote add -f Bproject /path/to/B <b class="conum">(1)</b>
 479 $ git merge -s ours --no-commit --allow-unrelated-histories Bproject/master <b class="conum">(2)</b>
 480 $ git read-tree --prefix=dir-B/ -u Bproject/master <b class="conum">(3)</b>
 481 $ git commit -m "Merge B project as our subdirectory" <b class="conum">(4)</b>
 482
 483 $ git pull -s subtree Bproject master <b class="conum">(5)</b></pre>
 484 </div>
 485 </div>
 486 <div class="colist arabic">
 487 <ol>
 488 <li>
 489 <p>name the other project "Bproject", and fetch.</p>
 490 </li>
 491 <li>
 492 <p>prepare for the later step to record the result as a merge.</p>
 493 </li>
 494 <li>
 495 <p>read "master" branch of Bproject to the subdirectory "dir-B".</p>
 496 </li>
 497 <li>
 498 <p>record the merge result.</p>
 499 </li>
 500 <li>
 501 <p>maintain the result with subsequent merges using "subtree"</p>
 502 </li>
 503 </ol>
 504 </div>
 505 <div class="paragraph">
 506 <p>The first four commands are used for the initial merge, while the last
 507 one is to merge updates from <em>B project</em>.</p>
 508 </div>
 509 </div>
 510 </div>
 511 <div class="sect1">
 512 <h2 id="_comparing_subtree_merge_with_submodules">Comparing <em>subtree</em> merge with submodules</h2>
 513 <div class="sectionbody">
 514 <div class="ulist">
 515 <ul>
 516 <li>
 517 <p>The benefit of using subtree merge is that it requires less
 518 administrative burden from the users of your repository. It works with
 519 older (before Git v1.5.2) clients and you have the code right after
 520 clone.</p>
 521 </li>
 522 <li>
 523 <p>However if you use submodules then you can choose not to transfer the
 524 submodule objects. This may be a problem with the subtree merge.</p>
 525 </li>
 526 <li>
 527 <p>Also, in case you make changes to the other project, it is easier to
 528 submit changes if you just use submodules.</p>
 529 </li>
 530 </ul>
 531 </div>
 532 </div>
 533 </div>
 534 <div class="sect1">
 535 <h2 id="_additional_tips">Additional tips</h2>
 536 <div class="sectionbody">
 537 <div class="ulist">
 538 <ul>
 539 <li>
 540 <p>If you made changes to the other project in your repository, they may
 541 want to merge from your project. This is possible using subtree&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;it
 542 can shift up the paths in your tree and then they can merge only the
 543 relevant parts of your tree.</p>
 544 </li>
 545 <li>
 546 <p>Please note that if the other project merges from you, then it will
 547 connect its history to yours, which can be something they don&#8217;t want
 548 to.</p>
 549 </li>
 550 </ul>
 551 </div>
 552 </div>
 553 </div>
 554 </div>
 555 <div id="footer">
 556 <div id="footer-text">
 557 Last updated 2024-11-01 22:47:16 -0700
 558 </div>
 559 </div>
 560 </body>
 561 </html>