6 git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
12 `git clone` [++--template=++__<template-directory>__]
13 [`-l`] [`-s`] [`--no-hardlinks`] [`-q`] [`-n`] [`--bare`] [`--mirror`]
14 [`-o` _<name>_] [`-b` _<name>_] [`-u` _<upload-pack>_] [`--reference` _<repository>_]
15 [`--dissociate`] [`--separate-git-dir` _<git-dir>_]
16 [`--depth` _<depth>_] [`--`[`no-`]{empty}`single-branch`] [`--no-tags`]
17 [++--recurse-submodules++[++=++__<pathspec>__]] [++--++[++no-++]{empty}++shallow-submodules++]
18 [`--`[`no-`]{empty}`remote-submodules`] [`--jobs` _<n>_] [`--sparse`] [`--`[`no-`]{empty}`reject-shallow`]
19 [++--filter=++__<filter-spec>__] [`--also-filter-submodules`]] [`--`] _<repository>_
25 Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
26 remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
27 (visible using `git branch --remotes`), and creates and checks out an
28 initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
29 currently active branch.
31 After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
32 all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
33 arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
34 current master branch, if any (this is untrue when `--single-branch`
37 This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
38 the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and
39 by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
40 configuration variables.
47 When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
48 this flag bypasses the normal "Git aware" transport
49 mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
50 `HEAD` and everything under objects and refs directories.
51 The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
52 to save space when possible.
54 If the repository is specified as a local path (e.g., `/path/to/repo`),
55 this is the default, and --local is essentially a no-op. If the
56 repository is specified as a URL, then this flag is ignored (and we
57 never use the local optimizations). Specifying `--no-local` will
58 override the default when `/path/to/repo` is given, using the regular
59 Git transport instead.
61 If the repository's `$GIT_DIR/objects` has symbolic links or is a
62 symbolic link, the clone will fail. This is a security measure to
63 prevent the unintentional copying of files by dereferencing the symbolic
66 *NOTE*: this operation can race with concurrent modification to the
67 source repository, similar to running `cp -r src dst` while modifying
71 Force the cloning process from a repository on a local
72 filesystem to copy the files under the `.git/objects`
73 directory instead of using hardlinks. This may be desirable
74 if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository.
78 When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
79 instead of using hard links, automatically setup
80 `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
81 with the source repository. The resulting repository
82 starts out without any object of its own.
84 *NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
85 it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
86 repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
87 other Git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
88 source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
89 These objects may be removed by normal Git operations (such as `git commit`)
90 which automatically call `git maintenance run --auto`. (See
91 linkgit:git-maintenance[1].) If these objects are removed and were referenced
92 by the cloned repository, then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
94 Note that running `git repack` without the `--local` option in a repository
95 cloned with `--shared` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
96 in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone --shared`.
97 It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `--local` option by
100 If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `--shared` on
101 its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
102 objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
104 `--reference`[`-if-able`] _<repository>_::
105 If the reference _<repository>_ is on the local machine,
106 automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
107 obtain objects from the reference _<repository>_. Using
108 an already existing repository as an alternate will
109 require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
110 being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
111 When using the `--reference-if-able`, a non existing
112 directory is skipped with a warning instead of aborting
115 *NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option, and also the
116 `--dissociate` option.
119 Borrow the objects from reference repositories specified
120 with the `--reference` options only to reduce network
121 transfer, and stop borrowing from them after a clone is made
122 by making necessary local copies of borrowed objects. This
123 option can also be used when cloning locally from a
124 repository that already borrows objects from another
125 repository--the new repository will borrow objects from the
126 same repository, and this option can be used to stop the
131 Operate quietly. Progress is not reported to the standard
136 Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status
137 to the standard error stream.
140 Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
141 by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless `--quiet`
142 is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
143 standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
145 ++--server-option=++__<option>__::
146 Transmit the given string to the server when communicating using
147 protocol version 2. The given string must not contain a NUL or LF
148 character. The server's handling of server options, including
149 unknown ones, is server-specific.
150 When multiple ++--server-option=++__<option>__ are given, they are all
151 sent to the other side in the order listed on the command line.
155 No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
157 `--`[`no-`]`reject-shallow`::
158 Fail if the source repository is a shallow repository.
159 The `clone.rejectShallow` configuration variable can be used to
163 Make a 'bare' Git repository. That is, instead of
164 creating _<directory>_ and placing the administrative
165 files in _<directory>_`/.git`, make the _<directory>_
166 itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `--no-checkout`
167 because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
168 Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
169 to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
170 them to `refs/remotes/origin/`. When this option is
171 used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
172 configuration variables are created.
175 Employ a sparse-checkout, with only files in the toplevel
176 directory initially being present. The
177 linkgit:git-sparse-checkout[1] command can be used to grow the
178 working directory as needed.
180 ++--filter=++__<filter-spec>__::
181 Use the partial clone feature and request that the server sends
182 a subset of reachable objects according to a given object filter.
183 When using `--filter`, the supplied _<filter-spec>_ is used for
184 the partial clone filter. For example, `--filter=blob:none` will
185 filter out all blobs (file contents) until needed by Git. Also,
186 ++--filter=blob:limit=++__<size>__ will filter out all blobs of size
187 at least _<size>_. For more details on filter specifications, see
188 the `--filter` option in linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
190 `--also-filter-submodules`::
191 Also apply the partial clone filter to any submodules in the repository.
192 Requires `--filter` and `--recurse-submodules`. This can be turned on by
193 default by setting the `clone.filterSubmodules` config option.
196 Set up a mirror of the source repository. This implies `--bare`.
197 Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the
198 source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
199 remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
200 that all these refs are overwritten by a `git remote update` in the
204 `--origin` _<name>_::
205 Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track of the upstream
206 repository, use _<name>_. Overrides `clone.defaultRemoteName` from the
210 `--branch` _<name>_::
211 Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
212 to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to _<name>_ branch
213 instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
215 `--branch` can also take tags and detaches the HEAD at that commit
216 in the resulting repository.
218 `-u` _<upload-pack>_::
219 `--upload-pack` _<upload-pack>_::
220 When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
221 via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
222 run on the other end.
224 ++--template=++__<template-directory>__::
225 Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
226 (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of linkgit:git-init[1].)
228 `-c` __<key>__++=++__<value>__::
229 `--config` __<key>__++=++__<value>__::
230 Set a configuration variable in the newly-created repository;
231 this takes effect immediately after the repository is
232 initialized, but before the remote history is fetched or any
233 files checked out. The _<key>_ is in the same format as expected by
234 linkgit:git-config[1] (e.g., `core.eol=true`). If multiple
235 values are given for the same key, each value will be written to
236 the config file. This makes it safe, for example, to add
237 additional fetch refspecs to the origin remote.
239 Due to limitations of the current implementation, some configuration
240 variables do not take effect until after the initial fetch and checkout.
241 Configuration variables known to not take effect are:
242 ++remote.++__<name>__++.mirror++ and ++remote.++__<name>__++.tagOpt++. Use the
243 corresponding `--mirror` and `--no-tags` options instead.
245 `--depth` _<depth>_::
246 Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
247 specified number of commits. Implies `--single-branch` unless
248 `--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
249 tips of all branches. If you want to clone submodules shallowly,
250 also pass `--shallow-submodules`.
252 ++--shallow-since=++__<date>__::
253 Create a shallow clone with a history after the specified time.
255 ++--shallow-exclude=++__<revision>__::
256 Create a shallow clone with a history, excluding commits
257 reachable from a specified remote branch or tag. This option
258 can be specified multiple times.
260 `--`[`no-`]`single-branch`::
261 Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
262 either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
263 branch remote's `HEAD` points at.
264 Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
265 remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
266 initial cloning. If the `HEAD` at the remote did not point at any
267 branch when `--single-branch` clone was made, no remote-tracking
271 Don't clone any tags, and set
272 `remote.<remote>.tagOpt=--no-tags` in the config, ensuring
273 that future `git pull` and `git fetch` operations won't follow
274 any tags. Subsequent explicit tag fetches will still work,
275 (see linkgit:git-fetch[1]).
277 Can be used in conjunction with `--single-branch` to clone and
278 maintain a branch with no references other than a single cloned
279 branch. This is useful e.g. to maintain minimal clones of the default
280 branch of some repository for search indexing.
282 `--recurse-submodules`[`=`{empty}__<pathspec>__]::
283 After the clone is created, initialize and clone submodules
284 within based on the provided _<pathspec>_. If no _=<pathspec>_ is
285 provided, all submodules are initialized and cloned.
286 This option can be given multiple times for pathspecs consisting
287 of multiple entries. The resulting clone has `submodule.active` set to
288 the provided pathspec, or "." (meaning all submodules) if no
289 pathspec is provided.
291 Submodules are initialized and cloned using their default settings. This is
292 equivalent to running
293 `git submodule update --init --recursive <pathspec>` immediately after
294 the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned repository does
295 not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`,
296 or `--mirror` is given)
298 `--`[`no-`]`shallow-submodules`::
299 All submodules which are cloned will be shallow with a depth of 1.
301 `--`[`no-`]`remote-submodules`::
302 All submodules which are cloned will use the status of the submodule's
303 remote-tracking branch to update the submodule, rather than the
304 superproject's recorded SHA-1. Equivalent to passing `--remote` to
305 `git submodule update`.
307 `--separate-git-dir=`{empty}__<git-dir>__::
308 Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
309 to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
310 then make a filesystem-agnostic Git symbolic link to there.
311 The result is Git repository can be separated from working
314 `--ref-format=`{empty}__<ref-format>__::
316 Specify the given ref storage format for the repository. The valid values are:
318 include::ref-storage-format.txt[]
322 The number of submodules fetched at the same time.
323 Defaults to the `submodule.fetchJobs` option.
326 The (possibly remote) _<repository>_ to clone from. See the
327 <<URLS,GIT URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
331 The name of a new directory to clone into. The "humanish"
332 part of the source repository is used if no _<directory>_ is
333 explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
334 for `host.xz:foo/.git`). Cloning into an existing directory
335 is only allowed if the directory is empty.
337 `--bundle-uri=`{empty}__<uri>__::
338 Before fetching from the remote, fetch a bundle from the given
339 _<uri>_ and unbundle the data into the local repository. The refs
340 in the bundle will be stored under the hidden `refs/bundle/*`
341 namespace. This option is incompatible with `--depth`,
342 `--shallow-since`, and `--shallow-exclude`.
350 * Clone from upstream:
353 $ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git my-linux
359 * Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:
362 $ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
368 * Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:
371 $ git clone --reference /git/linux.git \
372 git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux.git \
378 * Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:
381 $ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
387 include::includes/cmd-config-section-all.txt[]
389 include::config/init.txt[]
391 include::config/clone.txt[]
396 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite