GSettings docs: clarify what is a good path
[glib.git] / glib / gtimezone.c
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1 /*
2 * Copyright © 2010 Codethink Limited
4 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
5 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
6 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
7 * version 2 of the licence, or (at your option) any later version.
9 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
12 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
15 * License along with this library; if not, write to the
16 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
17 * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
19 * Author: Ryan Lortie <desrt@desrt.ca>
22 /* Prologue {{{1 */
24 #include "gtimezone.h"
26 #include <string.h>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 #include <signal.h>
30 #include "gmappedfile.h"
31 #include "gtestutils.h"
32 #include "gfileutils.h"
33 #include "gstrfuncs.h"
34 #include "ghash.h"
35 #include "gthread.h"
36 #include "gbytes.h"
37 #include "gslice.h"
39 /**
40 * SECTION:timezone
41 * @title: GTimeZone
42 * @short_description: a structure representing a time zone
43 * @see_also: #GDateTime
45 * #GTimeZone is a structure that represents a time zone, at no
46 * particular point in time. It is refcounted and immutable.
48 * A time zone contains a number of intervals. Each interval has
49 * an abbreviation to describe it, an offet to UTC and a flag indicating
50 * if the daylight savings time is in effect during that interval. A
51 * time zone always has at least one interval -- interval 0.
53 * Every UTC time is contained within exactly one interval, but a given
54 * local time may be contained within zero, one or two intervals (due to
55 * incontinuities associated with daylight savings time).
57 * An interval may refer to a specific period of time (eg: the duration
58 * of daylight savings time during 2010) or it may refer to many periods
59 * of time that share the same properties (eg: all periods of daylight
60 * savings time). It is also possible (usually for political reasons)
61 * that some properties (like the abbreviation) change between intervals
62 * without other properties changing.
64 * #GTimeZone is available since GLib 2.26.
67 /**
68 * GTimeZone:
70 * #GDateTime is an opaque structure whose members cannot be accessed
71 * directly.
73 * Since: 2.26
74 **/
76 /* zoneinfo file format {{{1 */
78 /* unaligned */
79 typedef struct { gchar bytes[8]; } gint64_be;
80 typedef struct { gchar bytes[4]; } gint32_be;
81 typedef struct { gchar bytes[4]; } guint32_be;
83 static inline gint64 gint64_from_be (const gint64_be be) {
84 gint64 tmp; memcpy (&tmp, &be, sizeof tmp); return GINT64_FROM_BE (tmp);
87 static inline gint32 gint32_from_be (const gint32_be be) {
88 gint32 tmp; memcpy (&tmp, &be, sizeof tmp); return GINT32_FROM_BE (tmp);
91 static inline guint32 guint32_from_be (const guint32_be be) {
92 guint32 tmp; memcpy (&tmp, &be, sizeof tmp); return GUINT32_FROM_BE (tmp);
95 struct tzhead
97 gchar tzh_magic[4];
98 gchar tzh_version;
99 guchar tzh_reserved[15];
101 guint32_be tzh_ttisgmtcnt;
102 guint32_be tzh_ttisstdcnt;
103 guint32_be tzh_leapcnt;
104 guint32_be tzh_timecnt;
105 guint32_be tzh_typecnt;
106 guint32_be tzh_charcnt;
109 struct ttinfo
111 gint32_be tt_gmtoff;
112 guint8 tt_isdst;
113 guint8 tt_abbrind;
116 /* GTimeZone structure and lifecycle {{{1 */
117 struct _GTimeZone
119 gchar *name;
121 GBytes *zoneinfo;
123 const struct tzhead *header;
124 const struct ttinfo *infos;
125 const gint64_be *trans;
126 const guint8 *indices;
127 const gchar *abbrs;
128 gint timecnt;
130 gint ref_count;
133 G_LOCK_DEFINE_STATIC (time_zones);
134 static GHashTable/*<string?, GTimeZone>*/ *time_zones;
137 * g_time_zone_unref:
138 * @tz: a #GTimeZone
140 * Decreases the reference count on @tz.
142 * Since: 2.26
144 void
145 g_time_zone_unref (GTimeZone *tz)
147 int ref_count;
149 again:
150 ref_count = g_atomic_int_get (&tz->ref_count);
152 g_assert (ref_count > 0);
154 if (ref_count == 1)
156 if (tz->name != NULL)
158 G_LOCK(time_zones);
160 /* someone else might have grabbed a ref in the meantime */
161 if G_UNLIKELY (g_atomic_int_get (&tz->ref_count) != 1)
163 G_UNLOCK(time_zones);
164 goto again;
167 g_hash_table_remove (time_zones, tz->name);
168 G_UNLOCK(time_zones);
171 if (tz->zoneinfo)
172 g_bytes_unref (tz->zoneinfo);
174 g_free (tz->name);
176 g_slice_free (GTimeZone, tz);
179 else if G_UNLIKELY (!g_atomic_int_compare_and_exchange (&tz->ref_count,
180 ref_count,
181 ref_count - 1))
182 goto again;
186 * g_time_zone_ref:
187 * @tz: a #GTimeZone
189 * Increases the reference count on @tz.
191 * Returns: a new reference to @tz.
193 * Since: 2.26
195 GTimeZone *
196 g_time_zone_ref (GTimeZone *tz)
198 g_assert (tz->ref_count > 0);
200 g_atomic_int_inc (&tz->ref_count);
202 return tz;
205 /* fake zoneinfo creation (for RFC3339/ISO 8601 timezones) {{{1 */
207 * parses strings of the form 'hh' 'hhmm' or 'hh:mm' where:
208 * - hh is 00 to 23
209 * - mm is 00 to 59
211 static gboolean
212 parse_time (const gchar *time_,
213 gint32 *offset)
215 if (*time_ < '0' || '2' < *time_)
216 return FALSE;
218 *offset = 10 * 60 * 60 * (*time_++ - '0');
220 if (*time_ < '0' || '9' < *time_)
221 return FALSE;
223 *offset += 60 * 60 * (*time_++ - '0');
225 if (*offset > 23 * 60 * 60)
226 return FALSE;
228 if (*time_ == '\0')
229 return TRUE;
231 if (*time_ == ':')
232 time_++;
234 if (*time_ < '0' || '5' < *time_)
235 return FALSE;
237 *offset += 10 * 60 * (*time_++ - '0');
239 if (*time_ < '0' || '9' < *time_)
240 return FALSE;
242 *offset += 60 * (*time_++ - '0');
244 return *time_ == '\0';
247 static gboolean
248 parse_constant_offset (const gchar *name,
249 gint32 *offset)
251 switch (*name++)
253 case 'Z':
254 *offset = 0;
255 return !*name;
257 case '+':
258 return parse_time (name, offset);
260 case '-':
261 if (parse_time (name, offset))
263 *offset = -*offset;
264 return TRUE;
267 default:
268 return FALSE;
272 static GBytes *
273 zone_for_constant_offset (const gchar *name)
275 const gchar fake_zoneinfo_headers[] =
276 "TZif" "2..." "...." "...." "...."
277 "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0"
278 "TZif" "2..." "...." "...." "...."
279 "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\0" "\0\0\0\1" "\0\0\0\7";
280 struct {
281 struct tzhead headers[2];
282 struct ttinfo info;
283 gchar abbr[8];
284 } *fake;
285 gint32 offset;
287 if (name == NULL || !parse_constant_offset (name, &offset))
288 return NULL;
290 offset = GINT32_TO_BE (offset);
292 fake = g_malloc (sizeof *fake);
293 memcpy (fake, fake_zoneinfo_headers, sizeof fake_zoneinfo_headers);
294 memcpy (&fake->info.tt_gmtoff, &offset, sizeof offset);
295 fake->info.tt_isdst = FALSE;
296 fake->info.tt_abbrind = 0;
297 strcpy (fake->abbr, name);
299 return g_bytes_new_take (fake, sizeof *fake);
302 /* Construction {{{1 */
304 * g_time_zone_new:
305 * @identifier: (allow-none): a timezone identifier
307 * Creates a #GTimeZone corresponding to @identifier.
309 * @identifier can either be an RFC3339/ISO 8601 time offset or
310 * something that would pass as a valid value for the
311 * <varname>TZ</varname> environment variable (including %NULL).
313 * Valid RFC3339 time offsets are <literal>"Z"</literal> (for UTC) or
314 * <literal>"±hh:mm"</literal>. ISO 8601 additionally specifies
315 * <literal>"±hhmm"</literal> and <literal>"±hh"</literal>.
317 * The <varname>TZ</varname> environment variable typically corresponds
318 * to the name of a file in the zoneinfo database, but there are many
319 * other possibilities. Note that those other possibilities are not
320 * currently implemented, but are planned.
322 * g_time_zone_new_local() calls this function with the value of the
323 * <varname>TZ</varname> environment variable. This function itself is
324 * independent of the value of <varname>TZ</varname>, but if @identifier
325 * is %NULL then <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> will be consulted
326 * to discover the correct timezone.
328 * See <ulink
329 * url='http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3339#section-5.6'>RFC3339
330 * §5.6</ulink> for a precise definition of valid RFC3339 time offsets
331 * (the <varname>time-offset</varname> expansion) and ISO 8601 for the
332 * full list of valid time offsets. See <ulink
333 * url='http://www.gnu.org/s/libc/manual/html_node/TZ-Variable.html'>The
334 * GNU C Library manual</ulink> for an explanation of the possible
335 * values of the <varname>TZ</varname> environment variable.
337 * You should release the return value by calling g_time_zone_unref()
338 * when you are done with it.
340 * Returns: the requested timezone
342 * Since: 2.26
344 GTimeZone *
345 g_time_zone_new (const gchar *identifier)
347 GTimeZone *tz;
348 GMappedFile *file;
350 G_LOCK (time_zones);
351 if (time_zones == NULL)
352 time_zones = g_hash_table_new (g_str_hash, g_str_equal);
354 if (identifier)
355 tz = g_hash_table_lookup (time_zones, identifier);
356 else
357 tz = NULL;
359 if (tz == NULL)
361 tz = g_slice_new0 (GTimeZone);
362 tz->name = g_strdup (identifier);
363 tz->ref_count = 0;
365 tz->zoneinfo = zone_for_constant_offset (identifier);
367 if (tz->zoneinfo == NULL)
369 gchar *filename;
371 /* identifier can be a relative or absolute path name;
372 if relative, it is interpreted starting from /usr/share/timezone
373 while the POSIX standard says it should start with :,
374 glibc allows both syntaxes, so we should too */
375 if (identifier != NULL)
377 const gchar *tzdir;
379 tzdir = getenv ("TZDIR");
380 if (tzdir == NULL)
381 tzdir = "/usr/share/zoneinfo";
383 if (*identifier == ':')
384 identifier ++;
386 if (g_path_is_absolute (identifier))
387 filename = g_strdup (identifier);
388 else
389 filename = g_build_filename (tzdir, identifier, NULL);
391 else
392 filename = g_strdup ("/etc/localtime");
394 file = g_mapped_file_new (filename, FALSE, NULL);
395 if (file != NULL)
397 tz->zoneinfo = g_bytes_new_with_free_func (g_mapped_file_get_contents (file),
398 g_mapped_file_get_length (file),
399 (GDestroyNotify)g_mapped_file_unref,
400 g_mapped_file_ref (file));
401 g_mapped_file_unref (file);
403 g_free (filename);
406 if (tz->zoneinfo != NULL)
408 gsize size;
409 const struct tzhead *header = g_bytes_get_data (tz->zoneinfo, &size);
411 /* we only bother to support version 2 */
412 if (size < sizeof (struct tzhead) || memcmp (header, "TZif2", 5))
414 g_bytes_unref (tz->zoneinfo);
415 tz->zoneinfo = NULL;
417 else
419 gint typecnt;
421 /* we trust the file completely. */
422 tz->header = (const struct tzhead *)
423 (((const gchar *) (header + 1)) +
424 guint32_from_be(header->tzh_ttisgmtcnt) +
425 guint32_from_be(header->tzh_ttisstdcnt) +
426 8 * guint32_from_be(header->tzh_leapcnt) +
427 5 * guint32_from_be(header->tzh_timecnt) +
428 6 * guint32_from_be(header->tzh_typecnt) +
429 guint32_from_be(header->tzh_charcnt));
431 typecnt = guint32_from_be (tz->header->tzh_typecnt);
432 tz->timecnt = guint32_from_be (tz->header->tzh_timecnt);
433 tz->trans = (gconstpointer) (tz->header + 1);
434 tz->indices = (gconstpointer) (tz->trans + tz->timecnt);
435 tz->infos = (gconstpointer) (tz->indices + tz->timecnt);
436 tz->abbrs = (gconstpointer) (tz->infos + typecnt);
440 if (identifier)
441 g_hash_table_insert (time_zones, tz->name, tz);
443 g_atomic_int_inc (&tz->ref_count);
444 G_UNLOCK (time_zones);
446 return tz;
450 * g_time_zone_new_utc:
452 * Creates a #GTimeZone corresponding to UTC.
454 * This is equivalent to calling g_time_zone_new() with a value like
455 * "Z", "UTC", "+00", etc.
457 * You should release the return value by calling g_time_zone_unref()
458 * when you are done with it.
460 * Returns: the universal timezone
462 * Since: 2.26
464 GTimeZone *
465 g_time_zone_new_utc (void)
467 return g_time_zone_new ("UTC");
471 * g_time_zone_new_local:
473 * Creates a #GTimeZone corresponding to local time. The local time
474 * zone may change between invocations to this function; for example,
475 * if the system administrator changes it.
477 * This is equivalent to calling g_time_zone_new() with the value of the
478 * <varname>TZ</varname> environment variable (including the possibility
479 * of %NULL).
481 * You should release the return value by calling g_time_zone_unref()
482 * when you are done with it.
484 * Returns: the local timezone
486 * Since: 2.26
488 GTimeZone *
489 g_time_zone_new_local (void)
491 return g_time_zone_new (getenv ("TZ"));
494 /* Internal helpers {{{1 */
495 inline static const struct ttinfo *
496 interval_info (GTimeZone *tz,
497 gint interval)
499 if (interval)
500 return tz->infos + tz->indices[interval - 1];
502 return tz->infos;
505 inline static gint64
506 interval_start (GTimeZone *tz,
507 gint interval)
509 if (interval)
510 return gint64_from_be (tz->trans[interval - 1]);
512 return G_MININT64;
515 inline static gint64
516 interval_end (GTimeZone *tz,
517 gint interval)
519 if (interval < tz->timecnt)
520 return gint64_from_be (tz->trans[interval]) - 1;
522 return G_MAXINT64;
525 inline static gint32
526 interval_offset (GTimeZone *tz,
527 gint interval)
529 return gint32_from_be (interval_info (tz, interval)->tt_gmtoff);
532 inline static gboolean
533 interval_isdst (GTimeZone *tz,
534 gint interval)
536 return interval_info (tz, interval)->tt_isdst;
539 inline static guint8
540 interval_abbrind (GTimeZone *tz,
541 gint interval)
543 return interval_info (tz, interval)->tt_abbrind;
546 inline static gint64
547 interval_local_start (GTimeZone *tz,
548 gint interval)
550 if (interval)
551 return interval_start (tz, interval) + interval_offset (tz, interval);
553 return G_MININT64;
556 inline static gint64
557 interval_local_end (GTimeZone *tz,
558 gint interval)
560 if (interval < tz->timecnt)
561 return interval_end (tz, interval) + interval_offset (tz, interval);
563 return G_MAXINT64;
566 static gboolean
567 interval_valid (GTimeZone *tz,
568 gint interval)
570 return interval <= tz->timecnt;
573 /* g_time_zone_find_interval() {{{1 */
576 * g_time_zone_adjust_time:
577 * @tz: a #GTimeZone
578 * @type: the #GTimeType of @time_
579 * @time_: a pointer to a number of seconds since January 1, 1970
581 * Finds an interval within @tz that corresponds to the given @time_,
582 * possibly adjusting @time_ if required to fit into an interval.
583 * The meaning of @time_ depends on @type.
585 * This function is similar to g_time_zone_find_interval(), with the
586 * difference that it always succeeds (by making the adjustments
587 * described below).
589 * In any of the cases where g_time_zone_find_interval() succeeds then
590 * this function returns the same value, without modifying @time_.
592 * This function may, however, modify @time_ in order to deal with
593 * non-existent times. If the non-existent local @time_ of 02:30 were
594 * requested on March 13th 2010 in Toronto then this function would
595 * adjust @time_ to be 03:00 and return the interval containing the
596 * adjusted time.
598 * Returns: the interval containing @time_, never -1
600 * Since: 2.26
602 gint
603 g_time_zone_adjust_time (GTimeZone *tz,
604 GTimeType type,
605 gint64 *time_)
607 gint i;
609 if (tz->zoneinfo == NULL)
610 return 0;
612 /* find the interval containing *time UTC
613 * TODO: this could be binary searched (or better) */
614 for (i = 0; i < tz->timecnt; i++)
615 if (*time_ <= interval_end (tz, i))
616 break;
618 g_assert (interval_start (tz, i) <= *time_ && *time_ <= interval_end (tz, i));
620 if (type != G_TIME_TYPE_UNIVERSAL)
622 if (*time_ < interval_local_start (tz, i))
623 /* if time came before the start of this interval... */
625 i--;
627 /* if it's not in the previous interval... */
628 if (*time_ > interval_local_end (tz, i))
630 /* it doesn't exist. fast-forward it. */
631 i++;
632 *time_ = interval_local_start (tz, i);
636 else if (*time_ > interval_local_end (tz, i))
637 /* if time came after the end of this interval... */
639 i++;
641 /* if it's not in the next interval... */
642 if (*time_ < interval_local_start (tz, i))
643 /* it doesn't exist. fast-forward it. */
644 *time_ = interval_local_start (tz, i);
647 else if (interval_isdst (tz, i) != type)
648 /* it's in this interval, but dst flag doesn't match.
649 * check neighbours for a better fit. */
651 if (i && *time_ <= interval_local_end (tz, i - 1))
652 i--;
654 else if (i < tz->timecnt &&
655 *time_ >= interval_local_start (tz, i + 1))
656 i++;
660 return i;
664 * g_time_zone_find_interval:
665 * @tz: a #GTimeZone
666 * @type: the #GTimeType of @time_
667 * @time_: a number of seconds since January 1, 1970
669 * Finds an the interval within @tz that corresponds to the given @time_.
670 * The meaning of @time_ depends on @type.
672 * If @type is %G_TIME_TYPE_UNIVERSAL then this function will always
673 * succeed (since universal time is monotonic and continuous).
675 * Otherwise @time_ is treated is local time. The distinction between
676 * %G_TIME_TYPE_STANDARD and %G_TIME_TYPE_DAYLIGHT is ignored except in
677 * the case that the given @time_ is ambiguous. In Toronto, for example,
678 * 01:30 on November 7th 2010 occurred twice (once inside of daylight
679 * savings time and the next, an hour later, outside of daylight savings
680 * time). In this case, the different value of @type would result in a
681 * different interval being returned.
683 * It is still possible for this function to fail. In Toronto, for
684 * example, 02:00 on March 14th 2010 does not exist (due to the leap
685 * forward to begin daylight savings time). -1 is returned in that
686 * case.
688 * Returns: the interval containing @time_, or -1 in case of failure
690 * Since: 2.26
692 gint
693 g_time_zone_find_interval (GTimeZone *tz,
694 GTimeType type,
695 gint64 time_)
697 gint i;
699 if (tz->zoneinfo == NULL)
700 return 0;
702 for (i = 0; i < tz->timecnt; i++)
703 if (time_ <= interval_end (tz, i))
704 break;
706 if (type == G_TIME_TYPE_UNIVERSAL)
707 return i;
709 if (time_ < interval_local_start (tz, i))
711 if (time_ > interval_local_end (tz, --i))
712 return -1;
715 else if (time_ > interval_local_end (tz, i))
717 if (time_ < interval_local_start (tz, ++i))
718 return -1;
721 else if (interval_isdst (tz, i) != type)
723 if (i && time_ <= interval_local_end (tz, i - 1))
724 i--;
726 else if (i < tz->timecnt && time_ >= interval_local_start (tz, i + 1))
727 i++;
730 return i;
733 /* Public API accessors {{{1 */
736 * g_time_zone_get_abbreviation:
737 * @tz: a #GTimeZone
738 * @interval: an interval within the timezone
740 * Determines the time zone abbreviation to be used during a particular
741 * @interval of time in the time zone @tz.
743 * For example, in Toronto this is currently "EST" during the winter
744 * months and "EDT" during the summer months when daylight savings time
745 * is in effect.
747 * Returns: the time zone abbreviation, which belongs to @tz
749 * Since: 2.26
751 const gchar *
752 g_time_zone_get_abbreviation (GTimeZone *tz,
753 gint interval)
755 g_return_val_if_fail (interval_valid (tz, interval), NULL);
757 if (tz->header == NULL)
758 return "UTC";
760 return tz->abbrs + interval_abbrind (tz, interval);
764 * g_time_zone_get_offset:
765 * @tz: a #GTimeZone
766 * @interval: an interval within the timezone
768 * Determines the offset to UTC in effect during a particular @interval
769 * of time in the time zone @tz.
771 * The offset is the number of seconds that you add to UTC time to
772 * arrive at local time for @tz (ie: negative numbers for time zones
773 * west of GMT, positive numbers for east).
775 * Returns: the number of seconds that should be added to UTC to get the
776 * local time in @tz
778 * Since: 2.26
780 gint32
781 g_time_zone_get_offset (GTimeZone *tz,
782 gint interval)
784 g_return_val_if_fail (interval_valid (tz, interval), 0);
786 if (tz->header == NULL)
787 return 0;
789 return interval_offset (tz, interval);
793 * g_time_zone_is_dst:
794 * @tz: a #GTimeZone
795 * @interval: an interval within the timezone
797 * Determines if daylight savings time is in effect during a particular
798 * @interval of time in the time zone @tz.
800 * Returns: %TRUE if daylight savings time is in effect
802 * Since: 2.26
804 gboolean
805 g_time_zone_is_dst (GTimeZone *tz,
806 gint interval)
808 g_return_val_if_fail (interval_valid (tz, interval), FALSE);
810 if (tz->header == NULL)
811 return FALSE;
813 return interval_isdst (tz, interval);
816 /* Epilogue {{{1 */
817 /* vim:set foldmethod=marker: */