stdlib/stdlib.h

   1 /* Copyright (C) 1991,92,93,94,95,96,97,98 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   2    This file is part of the GNU C Library.
   3
   4    The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5    modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as
   6    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
   7    License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8
   9    The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  12    Library General Public License for more details.
  13
  14    You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
  15    License along with the GNU C Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If not,
  16    write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
  17    Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.  */
  18
  19 /*
  20  *      ISO C Standard: 4.10 GENERAL UTILITIES  <stdlib.h>
  21  */
  22
  23 #ifndef _STDLIB_H
  24
  25 #include <features.h>
  26
  27 /* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>.  */
  28 #define         __need_size_t
  29 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
  30 # define        __need_wchar_t
  31 # define        __need_NULL
  32 #endif
  33 #include <stddef.h>
  34
  35 __BEGIN_DECLS
  36
  37 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
  38 #define _STDLIB_H       1
  39
  40 /* Returned by `div'.  */
  41 typedef struct
  42   {
  43     int quot;                   /* Quotient.  */
  44     int rem;                    /* Remainder.  */
  45   } div_t;
  46
  47 /* Returned by `ldiv'.  */
  48 typedef struct
  49   {
  50     long int quot;              /* Quotient.  */
  51     long int rem;               /* Remainder.  */
  52   } ldiv_t;
  53
  54 #ifdef __USE_ISOC9X
  55 /* Returned by `lldiv'.  */
  56 typedef struct
  57   {
  58     long long int quot;         /* Quotient.  */
  59     long long int rem;          /* Remainder.  */
  60   } lldiv_t;
  61 #endif
  62
  63
  64 /* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX).  */
  65 #define RAND_MAX        2147483647
  66
  67
  68 /* We define these the same for all machines.
  69    Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'.  */
  70 #define EXIT_FAILURE    1       /* Failing exit status.  */
  71 #define EXIT_SUCCESS    0       /* Successful exit status.  */
  72
  73
  74 /* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale.  */
  75 #define MB_CUR_MAX      (__ctype_get_mb_cur_max ())
  76 extern int __ctype_get_mb_cur_max __P ((void));
  77
  78
  79 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
  80 extern double atof __P ((__const char *__nptr));
  81 /* Convert a string to an integer.  */
  82 extern int atoi __P ((__const char *__nptr));
  83 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
  84 extern long int atol __P ((__const char *__nptr));
  85
  86 #if defined __USE_ISOC9X || (defined __GNUC__ && defined __USE_MISC)
  87 /* These functions will part of the standard C library in ISO C 9X.  */
  88 extern long long int atoll __P ((__const char *__nptr));
  89 #endif
  90
  91 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
  92 extern double strtod __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
  93                            char **__restrict __endptr));
  94
  95 #ifdef  __USE_ISOC9X
  96 /* Likewise for `float' and `long double' sizes of floating-point numbers.  */
  97 extern float strtof __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
  98                           char **__restrict __endptr));
  99
 100 extern __long_double_t strtold __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 101                                      char **__restrict __endptr));
 102 #endif
 103
 104 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
 105 extern long int strtol __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 106                              char **__restrict __endptr, int __base));
 107 /* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer.  */
 108 extern unsigned long int strtoul __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 109                                        char **__restrict __endptr,
 110                                        int __base));
 111
 112 #if defined __GNUC__ && defined __USE_BSD
 113 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer.  */
 114 extern long long int strtoq __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 115                                   char **__restrict __endptr, int __base));
 116 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer.  */
 117 extern unsigned long long int strtouq __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 118                                             char **__restrict __endptr,
 119                                             int __base));
 120 #endif /* GCC and use BSD.  */
 121
 122 #if defined __USE_ISOC9X || (defined __GNUC__ && defined __USE_MISC)
 123 /* These functions will part of the standard C library in ISO C 9X.  */
 124
 125 /* Convert a string to a quadword integer.  */
 126 extern long long int strtoll __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 127                                    char **__restrict __endptr, int __base));
 128 /* Convert a string to an unsigned quadword integer.  */
 129 extern unsigned long long int strtoull __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 130                                              char **__restrict __endptr,
 131                                              int __base));
 132 #endif /* ISO C 9X or GCC and use MISC.  */
 133
 134
 135 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 136 /* The concept of one static locale per category is not very well
 137    thought out.  Many applications will need to process its data using
 138    information from several different locales.  Another application is
 139    the implementation of the internationalization handling in the
 140    upcoming ISO C++ standard library.  To support this another set of
 141    the functions using locale data exist which have an additional
 142    argument.
 143
 144    Attention: all these functions are *not* standardized in any form.
 145    This is a proof-of-concept implementation.  */
 146
 147 /* Structure for reentrant locale using functions.  This is an
 148    (almost) opaque type for the user level programs.  */
 149 # include <xlocale.h>
 150
 151 /* Special versions of the functions above which take the locale to
 152    use as an additional parameter.  */
 153 extern long int __strtol_l __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 154                                  char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 155                                  __locale_t __loc));
 156
 157 extern unsigned long int __strtoul_l __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 158                                            char **__restrict __endptr,
 159                                            int __base, __locale_t __loc));
 160
 161 extern long long int __strtoll_l __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 162                                        char **__restrict __endptr, int __base,
 163                                        __locale_t __loc));
 164
 165 extern unsigned long long int __strtoull_l __P ((__const char *__restrict
 166                                                  __nptr,
 167                                                  char **__restrict __endptr,
 168                                                  int __base,
 169                                                  __locale_t __loc));
 170
 171 extern double __strtod_l __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 172                                char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc));
 173
 174 extern float __strtof_l __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 175                               char **__restrict __endptr, __locale_t __loc));
 176
 177 extern __long_double_t __strtold_l __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 178                                          char **__restrict __endptr,
 179                                          __locale_t __loc));
 180 #endif /* GNU */
 181
 182
 183 /* The internal entry points for `strtoX' take an extra flag argument
 184    saying whether or not to parse locale-dependent number grouping.  */
 185
 186 extern double __strtod_internal __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 187                                       char **__restrict __endptr,
 188                                       int __group));
 189 extern float __strtof_internal __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 190                                      char **__restrict __endptr, int __group));
 191 extern __long_double_t __strtold_internal __P ((__const char *
 192                                                 __restrict __nptr,
 193                                                 char **__restrict __endptr,
 194                                                 int __group));
 195 #ifndef __strtol_internal_defined
 196 extern long int __strtol_internal __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 197                                         char **__restrict __endptr,
 198                                         int __base, int __group));
 199 # define __strtol_internal_defined      1
 200 #endif
 201 #ifndef __strtoul_internal_defined
 202 extern unsigned long int __strtoul_internal __P ((__const char *
 203                                                   __restrict __nptr,
 204                                                   char **__restrict __endptr,
 205                                                   int __base, int __group));
 206 # define __strtoul_internal_defined     1
 207 #endif
 208 #if defined __GNUC__ || defined __USE_ISOC9X
 209 # ifndef __strtoll_internal_defined
 210 extern long long int __strtoll_internal __P ((__const char *__restrict __nptr,
 211                                               char **__restrict __endptr,
 212                                               int __base, int __group));
 213 #  define __strtoll_internal_defined    1
 214 # endif
 215 # ifndef __strtoull_internal_defined
 216 extern unsigned long long int __strtoull_internal __P ((__const char *
 217                                                         __restrict __nptr,
 218                                                         char **
 219                                                         __restrict __endptr,
 220                                                         int __base,
 221                                                         int __group));
 222 #  define __strtoull_internal_defined   1
 223 # endif
 224 #endif /* GCC */
 225
 226 #if defined __OPTIMIZE__ && !defined __OPTIMIZE_SIZE__ \
 227     && defined __USE_EXTERN_INLINES
 228 /* Define inline functions which call the internal entry points.  */
 229
 230 extern __inline double
 231 strtod (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr)
 232 {
 233   return __strtod_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
 234 }
 235 extern __inline long int
 236 strtol (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 237         int __base)
 238 {
 239   return __strtol_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 240 }
 241 extern __inline unsigned long int
 242 strtoul (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 243          int __base)
 244 {
 245   return __strtoul_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 246 }
 247
 248 # ifdef __USE_ISOC9X
 249 extern __inline float
 250 strtof (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr)
 251 {
 252   return __strtof_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
 253 }
 254 extern __inline __long_double_t
 255 strtold (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr)
 256 {
 257   return __strtold_internal (__nptr, __endptr, 0);
 258 }
 259 # endif
 260
 261 # ifdef __USE_BSD
 262 extern __inline long long int
 263 strtoq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 264         int __base)
 265 {
 266   return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 267 }
 268 extern __inline unsigned long long int
 269 strtouq (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 270          int __base)
 271 {
 272   return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 273 }
 274 # endif
 275
 276 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC9X
 277 extern __inline long long int
 278 strtoll (__const char *__restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 279          int __base)
 280 {
 281   return __strtoll_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 282 }
 283 extern __inline unsigned long long int
 284 strtoull (__const char * __restrict __nptr, char **__restrict __endptr,
 285           int __base)
 286 {
 287   return __strtoull_internal (__nptr, __endptr, __base, 0);
 288 }
 289 # endif
 290
 291 extern __inline double
 292 atof (__const char *__nptr)
 293 {
 294   return strtod (__nptr, (char **) NULL);
 295 }
 296 extern __inline int
 297 atoi (__const char *__nptr)
 298 {
 299   return (int) strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 300 }
 301 extern __inline long int
 302 atol (__const char *__nptr)
 303 {
 304   return strtol (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 305 }
 306
 307 # if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_ISOC9X
 308 extern __inline long long int
 309 atoll (__const char *__nptr)
 310 {
 311   return strtoll (__nptr, (char **) NULL, 10);
 312 }
 313 # endif
 314 #endif /* Optimizing and Inlining.  */
 315
 316
 317 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 318 /* Convert N to base 64 using the digits "./0-9A-Za-z", least-significant
 319    digit first.  Returns a pointer to static storage overwritten by the
 320    next call.  */
 321 extern char *l64a __P ((long int __n));
 322
 323 /* Read a number from a string S in base 64 as above.  */
 324 extern long int a64l __P ((__const char *__s));
 325
 326
 327 # include <sys/types.h> /* we need int32_t... */
 328
 329 /* These are the functions that actually do things.  The `random', `srandom',
 330    `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
 331    The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
 332    We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator.  */
 333 /* Return a random long integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
 334 extern int32_t random __P ((void));
 335
 336 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
 337 extern void srandom __P ((unsigned int __seed));
 338
 339 /* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
 340    of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED.  Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
 341    32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
 342    cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down.  */
 343 extern __ptr_t initstate __P ((unsigned int __seed, __ptr_t __statebuf,
 344                                size_t __statelen));
 345
 346 /* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
 347    which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'.  */
 348 extern __ptr_t setstate __P ((__ptr_t __statebuf));
 349
 350
 351 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 352 /* Reentrant versions of the `random' family of functions.
 353    These functions all use the following data structure to contain
 354    state, rather than global state variables.  */
 355
 356 struct random_data
 357   {
 358     int32_t *fptr;              /* Front pointer.  */
 359     int32_t *rptr;              /* Rear pointer.  */
 360     int32_t *state;             /* Array of state values.  */
 361     int rand_type;              /* Type of random number generator.  */
 362     int rand_deg;               /* Degree of random number generator.  */
 363     int rand_sep;               /* Distance between front and rear.  */
 364     int32_t *end_ptr;           /* Pointer behind state table.  */
 365   };
 366
 367 extern int random_r __P ((struct random_data *__buf, int32_t *__result));
 368
 369 extern int srandom_r __P ((unsigned int __seed, struct random_data *__buf));
 370
 371 extern int initstate_r __P ((unsigned int __seed, __ptr_t __statebuf,
 372                              size_t __statelen, struct random_data *__buf));
 373
 374 extern int setstate_r __P ((__ptr_t __statebuf, struct random_data *__buf));
 375 # endif /* Use misc.  */
 376 #endif  /* Use SVID || extended X/Open.  */
 377
 378
 379 /* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
 380 extern int rand __P ((void));
 381 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
 382 extern void srand __P ((unsigned int __seed));
 383
 384 #ifdef __USE_POSIX
 385 /* Reentrant interface according to POSIX.1.  */
 386 extern int rand_r __P ((unsigned int *__seed));
 387 #endif
 388
 389
 390 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN
 391 /* System V style 48-bit random number generator functions.  */
 392
 393 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0).  */
 394 extern double drand48 __P ((void));
 395 extern double erand48 __P ((unsigned short int __xsubi[3]));
 396
 397 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31).  */
 398 extern long int lrand48 __P ((void));
 399 extern long int nrand48 __P ((unsigned short int __xsubi[3]));
 400
 401 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31).  */
 402 extern long int mrand48 __P ((void));
 403 extern long int jrand48 __P ((unsigned short int __xsubi[3]));
 404
 405 /* Seed random number generator.  */
 406 extern void srand48 __P ((long int __seedval));
 407 extern unsigned short int *seed48 __P ((unsigned short int __seed16v[3]));
 408 extern void lcong48 __P ((unsigned short int __param[7]));
 409
 410 /* Data structure for communication with thread safe versions.  */
 411 struct drand48_data
 412   {
 413     unsigned short int x[3];    /* Current state.  */
 414     unsigned short int a[3];    /* Factor in congruential formula.  */
 415     unsigned short int c;       /* Additive const. in congruential formula.  */
 416     unsigned short int old_x[3]; /* Old state.  */
 417     int init;                   /* Flag for initializing.  */
 418   };
 419
 420 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 421 /* Return non-negative, double-precision floating-point value in [0.0,1.0).  */
 422 extern int drand48_r __P ((struct drand48_data *__buffer, double *__result));
 423 extern int erand48_r __P ((unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 424                            struct drand48_data *__buffer, double *__result));
 425
 426 /* Return non-negative, long integer in [0,2^31).  */
 427 extern int lrand48_r __P ((struct drand48_data *__buffer, long int *__result));
 428 extern int nrand48_r __P ((unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 429                            struct drand48_data *__buffer, long int *__result));
 430
 431 /* Return signed, long integers in [-2^31,2^31).  */
 432 extern int mrand48_r __P ((struct drand48_data *__buffer, long int *__result));
 433 extern int jrand48_r __P ((unsigned short int __xsubi[3],
 434                            struct drand48_data *__buffer, long int *__result));
 435
 436 /* Seed random number generator.  */
 437 extern int srand48_r __P ((long int __seedval, struct drand48_data *__buffer));
 438
 439 extern int seed48_r __P ((unsigned short int __seed16v[3],
 440                           struct drand48_data *__buffer));
 441
 442 extern int lcong48_r __P ((unsigned short int __param[7],
 443                            struct drand48_data *__buffer));
 444 # endif /* Use misc.  */
 445 #endif  /* Use SVID or X/Open.  */
 446
 447 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */
 448
 449 #ifndef __malloc_and_calloc_defined
 450 #define __malloc_and_calloc_defined
 451 /* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory.  */
 452 extern __ptr_t malloc __P ((size_t __size));
 453 /* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0.  */
 454 extern __ptr_t calloc __P ((size_t __nmemb, size_t __size));
 455 #endif
 456
 457 #ifndef __need_malloc_and_calloc
 458 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
 459    in __ptr_t, making the new block SIZE bytes long.  */
 460 extern __ptr_t realloc __P ((__ptr_t __ptr, size_t __size));
 461 /* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'.  */
 462 extern void free __P ((__ptr_t __ptr));
 463
 464 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 465 /* Free a block.  An alias for `free'.  (Sun Unices).  */
 466 extern void cfree __P ((__ptr_t __ptr));
 467 #endif /* Use misc.  */
 468
 469 #if defined __USE_GNU || defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_MISC
 470 # include <alloca.h>
 471 #endif /* Use GNU, BSD, or misc.  */
 472
 473 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 474 /* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary.  The storage cannot be freed.  */
 475 extern __ptr_t valloc __P ((size_t __size));
 476 #endif
 477
 478
 479 /* Abort execution and generate a core-dump.  */
 480 extern void abort __P ((void)) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 481
 482
 483 /* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called.  */
 484 extern int atexit __P ((void (*__func) (void)));
 485
 486 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 487 /* Register a function to be called with the status
 488    given to `exit' and the given argument.  */
 489 extern int __on_exit __P ((void (*__func) (int __status, __ptr_t __arg),
 490                            __ptr_t __arg));
 491 extern int on_exit __P ((void (*__func) (int __status, __ptr_t __arg),
 492                          __ptr_t __arg));
 493 #endif
 494
 495 /* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
 496    in the reverse of the order in which they were registered
 497    perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS.  */
 498 extern void exit __P ((int __status)) __attribute__ ((__noreturn__));
 499
 500
 501 /* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist.  */
 502 extern char *getenv __P ((__const char *__name));
 503
 504 /* This function is similar to the above but returns NULL if the
 505    programs is running with SUID or SGID enabled.  */
 506 extern char *__secure_getenv __P ((__const char *__name));
 507
 508 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN
 509 /* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place.   */
 510 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
 511    If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment.  */
 512 extern int putenv __P ((__const char *__string));
 513 #endif
 514
 515 #ifdef  __USE_BSD
 516 /* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
 517    If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value.  */
 518 extern int setenv __P ((__const char *__name, __const char *__value,
 519                         int __replace));
 520
 521 /* Remove the variable NAME from the environment.  */
 522 extern void unsetenv __P ((__const char *__name));
 523 #endif
 524
 525 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 526 /* The `clearenv' was planned to be added to POSIX.1 but probably
 527    never made it.  Nevertheless the POSIX.9 standard (POSIX bindings
 528    for Fortran 77) requires this function.  */
 529 extern int clearenv __P ((void));
 530 #endif
 531
 532
 533 #if defined __USE_MISC || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 534 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
 535    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 536    they are replaced with a string that makes the file name unique.
 537    Returns TEMPLATE, or a null pointer if it cannot get a unique file name.  */
 538 extern char *mktemp __P ((char *__template));
 539
 540 /* Generate a unique temporary file name from TEMPLATE.
 541    The last six characters of TEMPLATE must be "XXXXXX";
 542    they are replaced with a string that makes the filename unique.
 543    Returns a file descriptor open on the file for reading and writing,
 544    or -1 if it cannot create a uniquely-named file.  */
 545 extern int mkstemp __P ((char *__template));
 546 #endif
 547
 548
 549 /* Execute the given line as a shell command.  */
 550 extern int system __P ((__const char *__command));
 551
 552
 553 #ifdef  __USE_GNU
 554 /* Return a malloc'd string containing the canonical absolute name of the
 555    named file.  The last file name component need not exist, and may be a
 556    symlink to a nonexistent file.  */
 557 extern char *canonicalize_file_name __P ((__const char *__name));
 558 #endif
 559
 560 #if defined __USE_BSD || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 561 /* Return the canonical absolute name of file NAME.  The last file name
 562    component need not exist, and may be a symlink to a nonexistent file.
 563    If RESOLVED is null, the result is malloc'd; otherwise, if the canonical
 564    name is PATH_MAX chars or more, returns null with `errno' set to
 565    ENAMETOOLONG; if the name fits in fewer than PATH_MAX chars, returns the
 566    name in RESOLVED.  */
 567 extern char *realpath __P ((__const char *__name, char *__resolved));
 568 #endif
 569
 570
 571 /* Shorthand for type of comparison functions.  */
 572 #ifndef __COMPAR_FN_T
 573 # define __COMPAR_FN_T
 574 typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) __PMT ((__const __ptr_t, __const __ptr_t));
 575
 576 # ifdef __USE_GNU
 577 typedef __compar_fn_t comparison_fn_t;
 578 # endif
 579 #endif
 580
 581 /* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
 582    of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 583 extern __ptr_t bsearch __PMT ((__const __ptr_t __key, __const __ptr_t __base,
 584                                size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
 585                                __compar_fn_t __compar));
 586
 587 /* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
 588    using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 589 extern void qsort __PMT ((__ptr_t __base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
 590                           __compar_fn_t __compar));
 591
 592
 593 /* Return the absolute value of X.  */
 594 extern int abs __P ((int __x)) __attribute__ ((__const__));
 595 extern long int labs __P ((long int __x)) __attribute__ ((__const__));
 596 #ifdef __USE_ISOC9X
 597 extern long long int llabs __P ((long long int __x))
 598      __attribute__ ((__const__));
 599 #endif
 600
 601
 602 /* Return the `div_t', `ldiv_t' or `lldiv_t' representation
 603    of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
 604 /* GCC may have built-ins for these someday.  */
 605 extern div_t div __P ((int __numer, int __denom)) __attribute__ ((__const__));
 606 extern ldiv_t ldiv __P ((long int __numer, long int __denom))
 607      __attribute__ ((__const__));
 608 #ifdef __USE_ISOC9X
 609 extern lldiv_t lldiv __P ((long long int __numer, long long int __denom))
 610      __attribute__ ((__const__));
 611 #endif
 612
 613
 614 #if defined __USE_SVID || defined __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 615 /* Convert floating point numbers to strings.  The returned values are
 616    valid only until another call to the same function.  */
 617
 618 /* Convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT digits and return a pointer to
 619    this.  Set *DECPT with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN
 620    with the sign of the number.  */
 621 extern char *ecvt __P ((double __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 622                         int *__sign));
 623
 624 /* Convert VALUE to a string rounded to NDIGIT decimal digits.  Set *DECPT
 625    with the position of the decimal character and *SIGN with the sign of
 626    the number.  */
 627 extern char *fcvt __P ((double __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 628                         int *__sign));
 629
 630 /* If possible convert VALUE to a string with NDIGIT significant digits.
 631    Otherwise use exponential representation.  The resulting string will
 632    be written to BUF.  */
 633 extern char *gcvt __P ((double __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf));
 634
 635 /* Long double versions of above functions.  */
 636 extern char *qecvt __P ((__long_double_t __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 637                          int *__sign));
 638 extern char *qfcvt __P ((__long_double_t __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 639                          int *__sign));
 640 extern char *qgcvt __P ((__long_double_t __value, int __ndigit, char *__buf));
 641
 642
 643 # ifdef __USE_MISC
 644 /* Reentrant version of the functions above which provide their own
 645    buffers.  */
 646 extern int ecvt_r __P ((double __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 647                         int *__sign, char *__buf, size_t __len));
 648 extern int fcvt_r __P ((double __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 649                         int *__sign, char *__buf, size_t __len));
 650
 651 extern int qecvt_r __P ((__long_double_t __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 652                          int *__sign, char *__buf, size_t __len));
 653 extern int qfcvt_r __P ((__long_double_t __value, int __ndigit, int *__decpt,
 654                          int *__sign, char *__buf, size_t __len));
 655 # endif /* misc */
 656 #endif  /* use MISC || use X/Open Unix */
 657
 658
 659 /* Return the length of the multibyte character
 660    in S, which is no longer than N.  */
 661 extern int mblen __P ((__const char *__s, size_t __n));
 662 /* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
 663    putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC.  */
 664 extern int mbtowc __P ((wchar_t *__restrict __pwc,
 665                         __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n));
 666 /* Put the multibyte character represented
 667    by WCHAR in S, returning its length.  */
 668 extern int wctomb __P ((char *__s, wchar_t __wchar));
 669
 670
 671 /* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string.  */
 672 extern size_t mbstowcs __P ((wchar_t *__restrict  __pwcs,
 673                              __const char *__restrict __s, size_t __n));
 674 /* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string.  */
 675 extern size_t wcstombs __P ((char *__restrict __s,
 676                              __const wchar_t *__restrict __pwcs, size_t __n));
 677
 678
 679 #ifdef __USE_SVID
 680 /* Determine whether the string value of RESPONSE matches the affirmation
 681    or negative response expression as specified by the LC_MESSAGES category
 682    in the program's current locale.  Returns 1 if affirmative, 0 if
 683    negative, and -1 if not matching.  */
 684 extern int rpmatch __P ((__const char *__response));
 685 #endif
 686
 687
 688 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN_EXTENDED
 689 /* Parse comma separated suboption from *OPTIONP and match against
 690    strings in TOKENS.  If found return index and set *VALUEP to
 691    optional value introduced by an equal sign.  If the suboption is
 692    not part of TOKENS return in *VALUEP beginning of unknown
 693    suboption.  On exit *OPTIONP is set to the beginning of the next
 694    token or at the terminating NUL character.  */
 695 extern int getsubopt __P ((char **__optionp, __const char *__const *__tokens,
 696                            char **__valuep));
 697 #endif
 698
 699
 700 #ifdef __USE_XOPEN
 701
 702 /* Setup DES tables according KEY.  */
 703 extern void setkey __P ((__const char *__key));
 704
 705 /* X/Open pseudo terminal handling.  */
 706
 707 /* The next four functions all take a master pseudo-tty fd and
 708    perform an operation on the associated slave:  */
 709
 710 /* Chown the slave to the calling user.  */
 711 extern int grantpt __P ((int __fd));
 712
 713 /* Release an internal lock so the slave can be opened.
 714    Call after grantpt().  */
 715 extern int unlockpt __P ((int __fd));
 716
 717 /* Return the pathname of the pseudo terminal slave assoicated with
 718    the master FD is open on, or NULL on errors.
 719    The returned storage is good until the next call to this function.  */
 720 extern char *ptsname __P ((int __fd));
 721 #endif
 722
 723 #ifdef __USE_GNU
 724 /* Store at most BUFLEN characters of the pathname of the slave pseudo
 725    terminal associated with the master FD is open on in BUF.
 726    Return 0 on success, otherwise an error number.  */
 727 extern int ptsname_r __P ((int __fd, char *__buf, size_t __buflen));
 728
 729 /* Open a master pseudo terminal and return its file descriptor.  */
 730 extern int getpt __P ((void));
 731 #endif
 732
 733 #endif /* don't just need malloc and calloc */
 734 #undef __need_malloc_and_calloc
 735
 736 __END_DECLS
 737
 738 #endif /* stdlib.h  */