| blob | d981a6a9168be95938276658f4b7ac659db12ed8 |
1 # @(#)australasia 7.34
2 # This file also includes Pacific islands.
4 # Notes are at the end of this file
6 ###############################################################################
8 # Australia
10 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
11 # Shanks gives 1917 Jan 1 0:01; go with Whitman (and guess 2:00).
12 Rule Aus 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00 1:00 -
13 Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 -
14 Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 -
15 Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 -
16 Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 -
17 Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 -
18 Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 -
19 # Whitman says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944, and that
20 # 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944; go with Shanks.
22 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
23 # Northern Territory
24 Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
25 9:00 - CST 1899 May
26 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
27 9:30 Aus CST
28 # Western Australia
29 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec
30 8:00 - WST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
31 8:00 Aus WST 1974 Oct lastSun 2:00s
32 8:00 1:00 WST 1975 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
33 8:00 - WST 1983 Oct lastSun 2:00s
34 8:00 1:00 WST 1984 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
35 8:00 - WST 1991 Nov 17 2:00s
36 8:00 1:00 WST 1992 Mar Sun>=1 2:00s
37 8:00 - WST
38 # Queensland
39 #
40 # From Alex Livingston <alex@agsm.unsw.edu.au> (1996-11-01):
41 # I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast
42 # of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after
43 # Queensland ceased to.
44 #
45 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
46 # IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman,
47 # Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped.
48 # Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,
49 # so use Lindeman.
50 #
51 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
52 Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
53 Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
54 Rule Holiday 1989 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
55 Rule Holiday 1990 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
56 Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895
57 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
58 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
59 10:00 1:00 EST 1972 Feb lastSun 2:00s
60 10:00 AQ EST
61 Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895
62 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
63 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
64 10:00 1:00 EST 1972 Feb lastSun 2:00s
65 10:00 Holiday EST
67 # South Australia
68 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
69 Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
70 Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
71 Rule AS 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
72 Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
73 Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
74 Rule AS 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
75 Rule AS 1990 1994 even Mar Sun>=18 2:00s 0 -
76 Rule AS 1990 1994 odd Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
77 Rule AS 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
78 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
79 Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
80 9:00 - CST 1899 May
81 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
82 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct lastSun 2:00s
83 9:30 AS CST
85 # Tasmania
86 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
87 Rule AT 1967 only - Oct 1 2:00s 1:00 -
88 Rule AT 1968 only - Mar 31 2:00s 0 -
89 Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
90 Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 -
91 Rule AT 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
92 Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
93 Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
94 Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
95 Rule AT 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
96 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
97 Rule AT 1987 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
98 Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 -
99 Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
100 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
101 Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep
102 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
103 10:00 Aus EST 1967 Oct 1 2:00s
104 10:00 AT EST
106 # Victoria
107 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
108 Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
109 Rule AV 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
110 Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
111 Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
112 Rule AV 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
113 Rule AV 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
114 Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
115 Rule AV 1995 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
117 Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
118 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
119 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
120 10:00 AV EST
122 # New South Wales
123 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
124 Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
125 Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 -
126 Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
127 Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
128 Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
129 Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
130 Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 -
131 Rule AN 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
132 Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
133 Rule AN 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
134 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
135 Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
136 10:00 - EST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
137 10:00 Aus EST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
138 10:00 AN EST
139 Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb
140 10:00 - EST 1896 Aug 23
141 9:00 - CST 1899 May
142 9:30 - CST 1917 Jan 1 0:01
143 9:30 Aus CST 1971 Oct 31 2:00s
144 9:30 AN CST
146 # Lord Howe Island
147 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
148 Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 -
149 Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
150 Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
151 Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 -
152 Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 0:30 -
153 Rule LH 1987 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0:30 -
154 Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
155 Rule LH 1996 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 -
156 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb
157 10:00 - EST 1981 Mar
158 10:30 LH LHST
160 # Australian miscellany
161 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
162 Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb
163 7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time
164 #
165 # Ashmore Is, Cartier
166 # no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers
167 # no information; probably like Australia/Perth
168 #
169 # Coral Sea Is
170 # no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists
171 # no information
172 #
173 # Macquarie
174 # permanent occupation (scientific station) since 1948;
175 # sealing and penguin oil station operated 1888-1917
176 # no information
177 #
178 # Manihiki, Penrhyn, Rakehanga
179 # no information
182 # Cook Is
183 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
184 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 HS
185 Rule Cook 1979 max - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
186 Rule Cook 1979 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
187 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
188 Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua
189 -10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time
190 -10:00 Cook CK%sT
192 # Cocos
193 # From USNO (1989):
194 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
195 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time
197 # Fiji
198 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
199 Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:53:40 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva
200 12:00 - FJT # Fiji Time
202 # French Polynesia
203 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
204 Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea
205 -9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time
206 Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct
207 -9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time
208 Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete
209 -10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time
211 # Guam
212 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
213 Zone Pacific/Guam 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana
214 10:00 - GST
216 # Howland, Baker
217 # uninhabited since World War II
218 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Pago_Pago
220 # Jarvis
221 # uninhabited since 1958
222 # no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
224 # Johnston
225 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
226 Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST
228 # Kingman
229 # uninhabited
231 # Kiribati
232 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
233 Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki
234 12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time
235 Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901
236 -12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time
237 -11:00 - PHOT 1995
238 13:00 - PHOT
239 Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901
240 -10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time
241 -10:00 - LINT 1995
242 14:00 - LINT
244 # N Mariana Is
245 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
246 Zone Pacific/Saipan 9:43:00 - LMT 1901
247 9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time
248 10:00 - MPT
250 # Marshall Is
251 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
252 Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901
253 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time
254 12:00 - MHT
255 Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901
256 11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct
257 -12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time
258 12:00 - MHT
260 # Micronesia
261 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
262 Zone Pacific/Yap 9:12:32 - LMT 1901 # Colonia
263 9:00 - YAPT 1969 Oct # Yap Time
264 10:00 - YAPT
265 Zone Pacific/Truk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901
266 10:00 - TRUT # Truk Time
267 Zone Pacific/Ponape 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia
268 11:00 - PONT # Ponape Time
269 Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901
270 11:00 - PONT 1969 Oct
271 12:00 - KOST # Kosrae Time
273 # Nauru
274 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
275 Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe
276 11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time
277 9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15
278 11:30 - NRT 1979 May
279 12:00 - NRT
281 # New Caledonia
282 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
283 Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
284 Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
285 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S
286 Rule NC 1997 max - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 -
287 Rule NC 1997 max - Nov lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
288 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
289 Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13
290 11:00 NC NC%sT
293 ###############################################################################
295 # New Zealand
297 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
298 # Shanks gives 1927 Nov 6 - 1928 Mar 4, 1928 Oct 14 - 1929 Mar 17,
299 # 1929 Oct 13 - 1930 Mar 16; go with Whitman.
300 Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 26 2:00 0:30 HD
301 Rule NZ 1928 1929 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
302 Rule NZ 1928 only - Nov 4 2:00 0:30 HD
303 Rule NZ 1929 only - Oct 30 2:00 0:30 HD
304 Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
305 Rule NZ 1930 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 HD
306 # Whitman says DST went on and off during war years, and the base GMT offset
307 # didn't change until 1945 Apr 30; go with Shanks.
308 Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 S
309 Rule NZ 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 HD
310 Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D
311 Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
312 Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D
313 Rule NZ 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
314 Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S
315 Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S
316 Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S
317 Rule Chatham 1990 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 D
318 Rule Chatham 1991 max - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 S
319 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
320 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868
321 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1940 Sep 29 2:00
322 12:00 NZ NZ%sT
323 Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:45 Chatham CHA%sT
326 # Auckland Is
327 # uninhabited
329 # Campbell I
330 # minor whaling stations operated 1909-14
331 # scientific station operated 1941-1995
332 # was probably like Pacific/Auckland
334 ###############################################################################
337 # Niue
338 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
339 Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi
340 -11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time
341 -11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1
342 -11:00 - NUT
344 # Norfolk
345 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
346 Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston
347 11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time
348 11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time
350 # Palau
351 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
352 Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror
353 9:00 - PWT # Palau Time
355 # Palmyra
356 # uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati
358 # Papua New Guinea
359 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
360 Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880
361 9:48:40 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time
362 10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time
364 # Pitcairn
365 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
366 Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown
367 -8:30 - PNT # Pitcairn Time
369 # American Samoa
370 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
371 -11:22:48 - LMT 1911
372 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
373 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome
374 -11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering
375 -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa
377 # W Samoa
378 Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5
379 -11:26:56 - LMT 1911
380 -11:30 - SAMT 1950 # Samoa Time
381 -11:00 - WST # W Samoa Time
383 # Solomon Is
384 # excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea
385 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
386 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara
387 11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time
389 # Tokelau Is
390 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
391 Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901
392 -10:00 - TKT # Tokelau Time
394 # Tonga
395 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
396 Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901
397 12:20 - TOT 1968 Oct # Tonga Time
398 13:00 - TOT
400 # Tuvalu
401 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
402 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901
403 12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time
405 # Vanuatu
406 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
407 Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 S
408 Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
409 Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 S
410 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
411 Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -
412 Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S
413 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
414 Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila
415 11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time
417 # Wake
418 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
419 Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901
420 12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time
422 # Wallis and Futuna
423 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
424 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901
425 12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time
427 ###############################################################################
429 # NOTES
431 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
432 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
433 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
435 # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (1996-11-22):
436 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
437 # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition),
438 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
439 #
440 # Gwillim Law <LAW@encmail.encompass.com> writes that a good source
441 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
442 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
443 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
444 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
445 #
446 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
447 # and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
448 #
449 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
450 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which
451 # I found in the UCLA library.
452 #
453 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
454 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude,
455 # Oxford University Press (1980).
456 #
457 # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table;
458 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
459 # Corrections are welcome!
460 # std dst
461 # LMT Local Mean Time
462 # 8:00 WST WST Western Australia
463 # 9:00 JST Japan
464 # 9:30 CST CST Central Australia
465 # 10:00 EST EST Eastern Australia
466 # 10:00 GST Guam
467 # 10:30 LHST LHST Lord Howe*
468 # 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand
469 # 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham*
470 # -11:00 SST Samoa
471 # -10:00 HST Hawaii
472 #
473 # See the `northamerica' file for Hawaii.
474 # See the `southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galapagos Is.
475 #
476 # See the `africa' file for time zone naming and abbreviation conventions.
478 ###############################################################################
480 # Australia
482 # From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
483 # We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as `daylight' time.
484 # It is called `summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, `summer'
485 # and `standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the
486 # abbreviation does _not_ change...
487 # The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least
488 # in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the
489 # initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses
490 # the phrase `summer time' and does not use the phrase `daylight
491 # time'.
492 # Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian
493 # Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases `Eastern Standard Time'
494 # or `Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the
495 # current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers
496 # on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases
497 # prefixed by the word `Australian' when referring to local times;
498 # time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC.
500 # From Arthur David Olson (March 8 1992):
501 # Given the above, what's chosen for year-round use is:
502 # CST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 9:30
503 # WST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 8:00
504 # EST for any place operating at a GMTOFF of 10:00
506 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
507 # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
508 # Mark Prior <mrp@itd.adelaide.edu.au> writes that his newspaper
509 # reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00,
510 # but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970
511 # and perhaps the newspaper's `2:00' is referring to standard time.
512 # For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960.
514 # Northern Territory
516 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
517 # # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ]
518 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
519 # # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location.
520 # ...
521 # Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST
523 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
524 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
525 # the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving.
527 # Western Australia
529 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
530 # # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ]
531 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
532 # # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to
533 # # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but
534 # # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus
535 # # before reaching parliament.
536 # ...
537 # Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST
538 # ...
539 # Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
540 # Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
541 # Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
542 # Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W
544 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
545 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
546 # Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving.
548 # From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02):
549 # Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney
550 # rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at
551 # work at 9.00am.)
552 # W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse
553 # everybody again.
555 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
556 # The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess;
557 # it matches what was used in the past.
559 # Queensland
560 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
561 # # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ]
562 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
563 # ...
564 # Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST
565 # ...
566 # Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
567 # Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
568 # Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
569 # Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
571 # From Bradley White (1989-12-24):
572 # "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from
573 # October 1989).
575 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
576 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
577 # ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
578 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
580 # From John Mackin (1991-03-06):
581 # I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact
582 # end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised
583 # me.)
585 # From Bradley White (1992-03-08):
586 # ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted
587 # in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ...
588 # ...
589 # Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
590 # Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
591 # ...
593 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
594 # The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes.
596 # South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria
598 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
599 # The rules from version 7.1 follow.
600 # There are lots of differences between these rules and
601 # the Shepherd et al. rules. Since the Shepherd et al. rules
602 # and Bradley White's newspaper article are in agreement on
603 # current DST ending dates, no worries.
604 #
605 # Rule Oz 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 -
606 # Rule Oz 1986 max - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
607 # Rule Oz 1972 only - Feb 27 3:00 0 -
608 # Rule Oz 1973 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
609 # Rule Oz 1987 max - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
610 # Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 Oz EST
611 # Zone Australia/South 9:30 Oz CST
612 # Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 Oz EST 1985 Oct lastSun 2:00
613 # 10:00 1:00 EST 1986 Mar Sun<=21 3:00
614 # 10:00 Oz EST
616 # From Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
617 # I believe that the current start date for DST is "lastSun" in Oct...
618 # that changed Oct 89. That is, we're back to the
619 # original rule, and that rule currently applies in all the states
620 # that have dst, incl Qld. (Certainly it was true in Vic).
621 # The file I'm including says that happened in 1988, I think
622 # that's incorrect, but I'm not 100% certain.
624 # South Australia
626 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
627 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
628 # ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving
629 # at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
631 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
632 # # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ]
633 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
634 # ...
635 # Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST
636 # ...
637 # Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
638 # Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
639 # Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 C
640 # Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C
642 # From Bradley White (1992-03-11):
643 # Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide
644 # contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival,
645 # South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks."
647 # From Robert Elz (1992-03-13):
648 # I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that)
649 # South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even
650 # numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival
651 # is on...
653 # From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000):
654 # DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday)....
655 # But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever...
656 # (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...).
658 # From Bradley White (1994-04-11):
659 # If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March,
660 # 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can
661 # only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated....
663 # From John Warburton <jwarb@SACBH.com.au> (1994-10-07):
664 # The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ...
665 # was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994....
666 # start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March.
668 # Tasmania
670 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
671 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
672 # ...Tasmania will revert to Australian Eastern Standard Time on March 31...
674 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
675 # # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
676 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
677 # ...
678 # Zone Australia/Tasmania 10:00 AT %sST
679 # ...
680 # Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
681 # Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
682 # Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
683 # Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 3:00 0 E
684 # Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
685 # Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
686 # Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
687 # Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
688 # Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
689 # Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
690 # Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00 1:00 D
691 # Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
692 # Rule AT 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
693 # Rule AT 1991 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 E
695 # From Bill Hart via Alexander Dupuy and Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
696 # My state Government in there eagerness to get a few more bucks for the
697 # tourist industry industry decided to change the daylight savings times
698 # yet again (we now have almost 6 months per year)...
699 # ...
700 # Rule Oz 1986 1990 - Oct Sun<=24 2:00 1:00 -
701 # Rule Oz 1991 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 -
702 # ...
703 # Rule Oz 1987 1990 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
704 # Rule Oz 1991 max - Mar Sun<=31 3:00 0 -
706 # From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10):
707 # Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have
708 # 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia
709 # (but nothing new about that).
711 # Victoria
713 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
714 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
715 # ...Victoria...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
717 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
718 # # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ]
719 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
720 # ...
721 # Zone Australia/Victoria 10:00 AV %sST
722 # ...
723 # Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
724 # Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E
725 # Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
726 # Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 E
727 # Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
728 # Rule AV 1988 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
729 # Rule AV 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E
731 # New South Wales
733 # From Arthur David Olson:
734 # New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time.
735 # Based on law library research by John Mackin (john@basser.cs.su.oz),
736 # who notes:
737 # In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the
738 # individual states. Thus, while such terms as ``Eastern Standard Time''
739 # [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common
740 # use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the
741 # legislation. This is very important to understand.
742 # I have researched New South Wales time only...
744 # From Dave Davey (1990-03-03):
745 # Rule NSW 1988 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -
746 # Rule NSW 1989 only - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 -
748 # From Bradley White (1991-03-04):
749 # A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper...
750 # NSW...[has] agreed to end daylight saving at 3am tomorrow (March 3)...
752 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
753 # # The state of NEW SOUTH WALES.. [confirmed by Attorney General's Dept N.S.W]
754 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
755 # ...
756 # Rule AN 1988 1989 - Mar Sun<=21 3:00 0 E
757 # ...
759 # From John Mackin (1991-03-09)
760 # I have confirmed the accuracy of the historical data for NSW in the
761 # file Robert forwarded
763 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
764 # Sources differ on whether DST ended March 6 or March 20 in 1988;
765 # March 20 (the "confirmed" date) is in the chosen rules.
767 # From Bradley White (1995-05-20):
768 # Prem Bob Carr announced NSW will fall into line with other E states
769 # and SA and continue daylight savings to the last Sun in Mar.
771 # From Eric Ulevik <eau@ozemail.com.au> (1997-06-12):
772 # The NSW state government in Australia is talking about bringing the start
773 # of daylight savings time forward in the year 2000 to cater for the Olympics.
774 # This is going to take some time to be negotiated, because the plan is to do
775 # this in multiple states due to soccer games (which are not just in Sydney).
777 # Yancowinna
779 # From John Basser (1989-01-04):
780 # `Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna.
782 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
783 # # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ]
784 # # [ Dec 1990 ]
785 # ...
786 # # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite it's location on the
787 # # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings
788 # # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government
789 # # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have
790 # # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not
791 # # presently available.
792 # Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST
793 # ...
794 # Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
795 # Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C
796 # [followed by other Rules]
798 # Lord Howe Island
800 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
801 # LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen.. pauline@Aus ]
802 # [ Dec 1990 ]
803 # Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an
804 # hour ahead of NSW time.
806 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
807 # For Lord Howe we use Shanks through its time of publication (1991).
808 # Lord Howe is part of NSW, so we'll guess it has used the same transition
809 # times as NSW since 1991, even though Shanks writes that Lord Howe went
810 # with Victoria when NSW and Victoria disagreed in 1982.
812 ###############################################################################
814 # New Zealand, from Elz' asia 1.1
815 # Elz says "no guarantees"
817 # From Mark Davies (1990-10-03):
818 # the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period.
819 # This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for
820 # subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start).
821 # source -- phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office.
823 # From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06):
824 # # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that!
825 # # or is Australia the west island of N.Z.
826 # # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Geofft@Aus.. Auckland N.Z. ]
827 # # [ Nov 1990 ]
828 # ...
829 # Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
830 # Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
831 # Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S
832 # Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S
833 # ...
834 # Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand
835 # Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island
837 # From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08):
838 # The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989
839 # rather than the October 1 value.
841 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19);
842 # Shanks reports 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and New Zealand.
843 # Robert Uzgalis <buz@cs.aukuni.ac.nz> writes that the New Zealand Daylight
844 # Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard
845 # time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March.
846 # As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00.
847 #
848 # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22):
849 # Shanks gives no data for Chatham; usno1989 says it's +12:45,
850 # usno1995 says it's +12:45/+13:45, and IATA SSIM (1991/1996)
851 # gives the NZ rules but with transitions at 2:45 local standard time.
852 # Guess that they adopted DST in 1990.
854 ###############################################################################
856 # Fiji
858 # Howse writes (p 162) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji
859 # enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on +12:00.
860 # Perhaps it didn't take. We go with Shanks's more precise date in 1915.
862 # Johnston
864 # Johnston data is from usno1995.
866 # Kiribati
868 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
869 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati
870 # ``declared it the same day throught the country as of Jan. 1, 1995''
871 # as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century.
873 # Kwajalein
875 # In comp.risks 14.87 (26 August 1993), Peter Neumann writes:
876 # I wonder what happened in Kwajalein, where there was NO Friday,
877 # 1993-08-20. Thursday night at midnight Kwajalein switched sides with
878 # respect to the International Date Line, to rejoin its fellow islands,
879 # going from 11:59 p.m. Thursday to 12:00 m. Saturday in a blink.
881 # N Mariana Is, Guam
883 # Howse writes (p 162) ``The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the
884 # Philippines and the Ladrones from America,'' and implies that the Ladrones
885 # (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time.
886 # Ignore this for now, as we have no hard data. See also Asia/Manila.
888 # Micronesia
890 # Alan Eugene Davis <adavis@kuentos.guam.net> writes (1996-03-16),
891 # ``I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that "Truk"
892 # (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10.''
893 #
894 # Shanks writes that Truk switched from GMT+10 to GMT+11 on 1978-10-01;
895 # ignore this for now.
897 # Samoa
899 # Howse writes that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change
900 # ``the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,
901 # ordaining -- by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery -- that
902 # the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year.''
904 # Tonga
906 # From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):
907 # Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that ``Tonga has been plotting
908 # to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time.''
909 # Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.