stdlib/stdlib.h

   1 /* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   2 This file is part of the GNU C Library.
   3
   4 The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   5 modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as
   6 published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
   7 License, or (at your option) any later version.
   8
   9 The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  12 Library General Public License for more details.
  13
  14 You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
  15 License along with the GNU C Library; see the file COPYING.LIB.  If
  16 not, write to the, 1992 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave,
  17 Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.  */
  18
  19 /*
  20  *      ANSI Standard: 4.10 GENERAL UTILITIES   <stdlib.h>
  21  */
  22
  23 #ifndef _STDLIB_H
  24
  25 #define _STDLIB_H       1
  26 #include <features.h>
  27
  28 __BEGIN_DECLS
  29
  30 /* Get size_t, wchar_t and NULL from <stddef.h>.  */
  31 #define __need_size_t
  32 #define __need_wchar_t
  33 #define __need_NULL
  34 #include <stddef.h>
  35
  36 #define __need_Emath
  37 #include <errno.h>
  38
  39 /* Get machine-dependent HUGE_VAL value (returned on overflow).  */
  40 #include <huge_val.h>
  41
  42
  43 /* Returned by `div'.  */
  44 typedef struct
  45 {
  46   int quot;                     /* Quotient.  */
  47   int rem;                      /* Remainder.  */
  48 } div_t;
  49
  50 /* Returned by `ldiv'.  */
  51 typedef struct
  52 {
  53   long int quot;                /* Quotient.  */
  54   long int rem;                 /* Remainder.  */
  55 } ldiv_t;
  56
  57
  58 /* The largest number rand will return (same as INT_MAX).  */
  59 #define RAND_MAX        2147483647
  60
  61
  62 /* We define these the same for all machines.
  63    Changes from this to the outside world should be done in `_exit'.  */
  64 #define EXIT_FAILURE    1       /* Failing exit status.  */
  65 #define EXIT_SUCCESS    0       /* Successful exit status.  */
  66
  67
  68 /* Maximum length of a multibyte character in the current locale.
  69    This is just one until the fancy locale support is finished.  */
  70 #define MB_CUR_MAX      1
  71
  72
  73 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
  74 extern double atof __P ((__const char *__nptr));
  75 /* Convert a string to an integer.  */
  76 extern int atoi __P ((__const char *__nptr));
  77 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
  78 extern long int atol __P ((__const char *__nptr));
  79
  80 /* Convert a string to a floating-point number.  */
  81 extern double strtod __P ((__const char *__nptr, char **__endptr));
  82 /* Convert a string to a long integer.  */
  83 extern long int strtol __P ((__const char *__nptr, char **__endptr,
  84                              int __base));
  85 /* Convert a string to an unsigned long integer.  */
  86 extern unsigned long int strtoul __P ((__const char *__nptr,
  87                                        char **__endptr, int __base));
  88
  89 #ifdef  __OPTIMIZE__
  90 #define atof(nptr)      strtod((nptr), (char **) NULL)
  91 #define atoi(nptr)      ((int) atol(nptr))
  92 #define atol(nptr)      strtol((nptr), (char **) NULL, 10)
  93 #endif /* Optimizing.  */
  94
  95
  96 /* Return a random integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
  97 extern int rand __P ((void));
  98 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
  99 extern void srand __P ((unsigned int __seed));
 100
 101 /* These are the functions that actually do things.  The `random', `srandom',
 102    `initstate' and `setstate' functions are those from BSD Unices.
 103    The `rand' and `srand' functions are required by the ANSI standard.
 104    We provide both interfaces to the same random number generator.  */
 105 /* Return a random long integer between 0 and RAND_MAX inclusive.  */
 106 extern long int __random __P ((void));
 107 /* Seed the random number generator with the given number.  */
 108 extern void __srandom __P ((unsigned int __seed));
 109
 110 /* Initialize the random number generator to use state buffer STATEBUF,
 111    of length STATELEN, and seed it with SEED.  Optimal lengths are 8, 16,
 112    32, 64, 128 and 256, the bigger the better; values less than 8 will
 113    cause an error and values greater than 256 will be rounded down.  */
 114 extern __ptr_t __initstate __P ((unsigned int __seed, __ptr_t __statebuf,
 115                                  size_t __statelen));
 116 /* Switch the random number generator to state buffer STATEBUF,
 117    which should have been previously initialized by `initstate'.  */
 118 extern __ptr_t __setstate __P ((__ptr_t __statebuf));
 119
 120 #ifdef  __USE_BSD
 121 extern long int random __P ((void));
 122 extern void srandom __P ((unsigned int __seed));
 123 extern __ptr_t initstate __P ((unsigned int __seed, __ptr_t __statebuf,
 124                                size_t __statelen));
 125 extern __ptr_t setstate __P ((__ptr_t __statebuf));
 126
 127 #ifdef  __OPTIMIZE__
 128 #define random()                __random()
 129 #define srandom(seed)           __srandom(seed)
 130 #define initstate(s, b, n)      __initstate((s), (b), (n))
 131 #define setstate(state)         __setstate(state)
 132 #endif /* Optimizing.  */
 133 #endif /* Use BSD.  */
 134
 135 #ifdef  __OPTIMIZE__
 136 #define rand()          ((int) __random())
 137 #define srand(seed)     __srandom(seed)
 138 #endif /* Optimizing.  */
 139
 140
 141 /* Allocate SIZE bytes of memory.  */
 142 extern __ptr_t malloc __P ((size_t __size));
 143 /* Re-allocate the previously allocated block
 144    in __ptr_t, making the new block SIZE bytes long.  */
 145 extern __ptr_t realloc __P ((__ptr_t __ptr, size_t __size));
 146 /* Allocate NMEMB elements of SIZE bytes each, all initialized to 0.  */
 147 extern __ptr_t calloc __P ((size_t __nmemb, size_t __size));
 148 /* Free a block allocated by `malloc', `realloc' or `calloc'.  */
 149 extern void free __P ((__ptr_t __ptr));
 150
 151 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 152 /* Free a block.  An alias for `free'.  (Sun Unices).  */
 153 extern void cfree __P ((__ptr_t __ptr));
 154
 155 #ifdef  __OPTIMIZE__
 156 #define cfree(ptr)      free(ptr)
 157 #endif /* Optimizing.  */
 158 #endif /* Use misc.  */
 159
 160 #if defined(__USE_GNU) || defined(__USE_BSD) || defined(__USE_MISC)
 161 #include <alloca.h>
 162 #endif /* Use GNU, BSD, or misc.  */
 163
 164 #ifdef  __USE_BSD
 165 /* Allocate SIZE bytes on a page boundary.  The storage cannot be freed.  */
 166 extern __ptr_t valloc __P ((size_t __size));
 167 #endif
 168
 169
 170 #ifndef __NORETURN
 171 #ifdef  __GNUC__
 172 /* The `volatile' keyword tells GCC that a function never returns.  */
 173 #define __NORETURN      __volatile
 174 #else /* Not GCC.  */
 175 #define __NORETURN
 176 #endif /* GCC.  */
 177 #endif /* __NORETURN not defined.  */
 178
 179 /* Abort execution and generate a core-dump.  */
 180 extern __NORETURN void abort __P ((void));
 181
 182
 183 /* Register a function to be called when `exit' is called.  */
 184 extern int atexit __P ((void (*__func) (void)));
 185
 186 #ifdef  __USE_MISC
 187 /* Register a function to be called with the status
 188    given to `exit' and the given argument.  */
 189 extern int on_exit __P ((void (*__func) (int __status, __ptr_t __arg),
 190                          __ptr_t __arg));
 191 #endif
 192
 193 /* Call all functions registered with `atexit' and `on_exit',
 194    in the reverse of the order in which they were registered
 195    perform stdio cleanup, and terminate program execution with STATUS.  */
 196 extern __NORETURN void exit __P ((int __status));
 197
 198
 199 /* Return the value of envariable NAME, or NULL if it doesn't exist.  */
 200 extern char *getenv __P ((__const char *__name));
 201
 202 #ifdef  __USE_SVID
 203 /* The SVID says this is in <stdio.h>, but this seems a better place.   */
 204 /* Put STRING, which is of the form "NAME=VALUE", in the environment.
 205    If there is no `=', remove NAME from the environment.  */
 206 extern int putenv __P ((__const char *__string));
 207 #endif
 208
 209 #ifdef  __USE_BSD
 210 /* Set NAME to VALUE in the environment.
 211    If REPLACE is nonzero, overwrite an existing value.  */
 212 extern int setenv __P ((__const char *__name, __const char *__value,
 213                         int __replace));
 214 #endif
 215
 216 /* Execute the given line as a shell command.  */
 217 extern int system __P ((__const char *__command));
 218
 219
 220 /* Shorthand for type of comparison functions.  */
 221 typedef int (*__compar_fn_t) (__const __ptr_t, __const __ptr_t);
 222
 223 #ifdef  __GNUC__
 224 #define comparison_fn_t __compar_fn_t
 225 #endif
 226
 227 /* Do a binary search for KEY in BASE, which consists of NMEMB elements
 228    of SIZE bytes each, using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 229 extern __ptr_t bsearch __P ((__const __ptr_t __key, __const __ptr_t __base,
 230                              size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
 231                              __compar_fn_t __compar));
 232
 233 /* Sort NMEMB elements of BASE, of SIZE bytes each,
 234    using COMPAR to perform the comparisons.  */
 235 extern void qsort __P ((__ptr_t __base, size_t __nmemb, size_t __size,
 236                         __compar_fn_t __compar));
 237
 238
 239 #ifndef __CONSTVALUE
 240 #ifdef  __GNUC__
 241 /* The `const' keyword tells GCC that a function's return value is
 242    based solely on its arguments, and there are no side-effects.  */
 243 #define __CONSTVALUE    __const
 244 #else
 245 #define __CONSTVALUE
 246 #endif /* GCC.  */
 247 #endif /* __CONSTVALUE not defined.  */
 248
 249 /* Return the absolute value of X.  */
 250 extern __CONSTVALUE int abs __P ((int __x));
 251 extern __CONSTVALUE long int labs __P ((long int __x));
 252
 253 #if     defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
 254 #define abs(x)  __builtin_abs(x)
 255 #define labs(x) __builtin_labs(x)
 256 #endif /* GCC and optimizing.  */
 257
 258
 259 /* Return the `div_t' or `ldiv_t' representation
 260    of the value of NUMER over DENOM. */
 261 /* GCC may have built-ins for these someday.  */
 262 extern __CONSTVALUE div_t div __P ((int __numer, int __denom));
 263 extern __CONSTVALUE ldiv_t ldiv __P ((long int __numer, long int __denom));
 264
 265
 266 /* Return the length of the multibyte character
 267    in S, which is no longer than N.  */
 268 extern int mblen __P ((__const char *__s, size_t __n));
 269 /* Return the length of the given multibyte character,
 270    putting its `wchar_t' representation in *PWC.  */
 271 extern int mbtowc __P ((wchar_t * __pwc, __const char *__s, size_t __n));
 272 /* Put the multibyte character represented
 273    by WCHAR in S, returning its length.  */
 274 extern int wctomb __P ((char *__s, wchar_t __wchar));
 275
 276 #ifdef  __OPTIMIZE__
 277 #define mblen(s, n)     mbtowc((wchar_t *) NULL, (s), (n))
 278 #endif /* Optimizing.  */
 279
 280
 281 /* Convert a multibyte string to a wide char string.  */
 282 extern size_t mbstowcs __P ((wchar_t * __pwcs, __const char *__s, size_t __n));
 283 /* Convert a wide char string to multibyte string.  */
 284 extern size_t wcstombs __P ((char *__s, __const wchar_t * __pwcs, size_t __n));
 285
 286
 287 __END_DECLS
 288
 289 #endif /* stdlib.h  */