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7 This README describes GNU Stow. This is not the definitive
8 documentation for Stow; for that, see the [info
9 manual](https://www.gnu.org/software/stow/manual/).
11 Stow is a symlink farm manager program which takes distinct sets
12 of software and/or data located in separate directories on the
13 filesystem, and makes them all appear to be installed in a single
16 Originally Stow was born to address the need to administer, upgrade,
17 install, and remove files in independent software packages without
18 confusing them with other files sharing the same file system space.
19 For instance, many years ago it used to be common to compile programs
20 such as Perl and Emacs from source and install them in `/usr/local`.
21 By using Stow, `/usr/local/bin` could contain symlinks to files within
22 `/usr/local/stow/emacs/bin`, `/usr/local/stow/perl/bin` etc., and
23 likewise recursively for any other subdirectories such as `.../share`,
26 While this is useful for keeping track of system-wide and per-user
27 installations of software built from source, in more recent times
28 software packages are often managed by more sophisticated package
29 management software such as
30 [`rpm`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rpm_(software)),
31 [`dpkg`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dpkg), and
32 [Nix](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nix_package_manager) / [GNU
33 Guix](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Guix), or language-native
34 package managers such as Ruby's
35 [`gem`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RubyGems), Python's
36 [`pip`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pip_(package_manager)),
37 Javascript's [`npm`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Npm_(software)),
40 However Stow is still used not only for software package management,
41 but also for other purposes, such as facilitating [a more controlled
42 approach to management of configuration files in the user's home
43 directory](http://brandon.invergo.net/news/2012-05-26-using-gnu-stow-to-manage-your-dotfiles.html),
44 especially when [coupled with version control
45 systems](http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-stow/2011-12/msg00000.html).
47 Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's Depot program, but is
48 substantially simpler and safer. Whereas Depot required database files
49 to keep things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so
50 there's no danger (as there was in Depot) of mangling directories when
51 file hierarchies don't match the database. Also unlike Depot, Stow will
52 never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a Stow
53 directory (e.g., `/usr/local/stow/emacs`), so it's always possible
54 to rebuild the target tree (e.g., `/usr/local`).
56 Stow is implemented as a combination of a Perl script providing a CLI
57 interface, and a backend Perl module which does most of the work.
59 You can get the latest information about Stow from the home page:
61 http://www.gnu.org/software/stow/
66 Stow is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License,
67 which can be found in the file [`COPYING`](COPYING).
69 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
70 are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
71 notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is,
77 See [`INSTALL.md`](INSTALL.md) for installation instructions.
82 Please do send comments, questions, and constructive criticism. The
83 mailing lists and any other communication channels are detailed on the
86 Brief history and authorship
87 ----------------------------
89 Stow was inspired by Carnegie Mellon's "Depot" program, but is
90 substantially simpler. Whereas Depot requires database files to keep
91 things in sync, Stow stores no extra state between runs, so there's no
92 danger (as there is in Depot) of mangling directories when file
93 hierarchies don't match the database. Also unlike Depot, Stow will
94 never delete any files, directories, or links that appear in a Stow
95 directory (e.g., `/usr/local/stow/emacs`), so it's always possible to
96 rebuild the target tree (e.g., `/usr/local`).
98 For a high-level overview of the contributions of the main developers
99 over the years, see [the `AUTHORS` file](AUTHORS).
101 For a more detailed history, please see the `ChangeLog` file.