lib/findprog-in.c

   1 /* Locating a program in a given path.
   2    Copyright (C) 2001-2004, 2006-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   3    Written by Bruno Haible <haible@clisp.cons.org>, 2001, 2019.
   4
   5    This file is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
   7    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
   8    License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9
  10    This file is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
  14
  15    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  16    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  17
  18
  19 #include <config.h>
  20
  21 /* Specification.  */
  22 #include "findprog.h"
  23
  24 #include <errno.h>
  25 #include <stdlib.h>
  26 #include <string.h>
  27 #include <unistd.h>
  28 #include <sys/stat.h>
  29
  30 #include "filename.h"
  31 #include "concat-filename.h"
  32
  33 #if (defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__) || defined __EMX__ || defined __DJGPP__
  34   /* Native Windows, OS/2, DOS */
  35 # define NATIVE_SLASH '\\'
  36 #else
  37   /* Unix */
  38 # define NATIVE_SLASH '/'
  39 #endif
  40
  41 /* Separator in PATH like lists of pathnames.  */
  42 #if (defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__) || defined __EMX__ || defined __DJGPP__
  43   /* Native Windows, OS/2, DOS */
  44 # define PATH_SEPARATOR ';'
  45 #else
  46   /* Unix */
  47 # define PATH_SEPARATOR ':'
  48 #endif
  49
  50 /* The list of suffixes that the execlp/execvp function tries when searching
  51    for the program.  */
  52 static const char * const suffixes[] =
  53   {
  54     #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows */
  55     "", ".com", ".exe", ".bat", ".cmd"
  56     /* Note: Files without any suffix are not considered executable.  */
  57     /* Note: The cmd.exe program does a different lookup: It searches according
  58        to the PATHEXT environment variable.
  59        See <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7839150/>.
  60        Also, it executes files ending in .bat and .cmd directly without letting
  61        the kernel interpret the program file.  */
  62     #elif defined __CYGWIN__
  63     "", ".exe", ".com"
  64     #elif defined __EMX__
  65     "", ".exe"
  66     #elif defined __DJGPP__
  67     "", ".com", ".exe", ".bat"
  68     #else /* Unix */
  69     ""
  70     #endif
  71   };
  72
  73 const char *
  74 find_in_given_path (const char *progname, const char *path,
  75                     const char *directory, bool optimize_for_exec)
  76 {
  77   {
  78     bool has_slash = false;
  79     {
  80       const char *p;
  81
  82       for (p = progname; *p != '\0'; p++)
  83         if (ISSLASH (*p))
  84           {
  85             has_slash = true;
  86             break;
  87           }
  88     }
  89     if (has_slash)
  90       {
  91         /* If progname contains a slash, it is either absolute or relative to
  92            the current directory.  PATH is not used.  */
  93         if (optimize_for_exec)
  94           /* The execl/execv/execlp/execvp functions will try the various
  95              suffixes anyway and fail if no executable is found.  */
  96           return progname;
  97         else
  98           {
  99             /* Try the various suffixes and see whether one of the files
 100                with such a suffix is actually executable.  */
 101             int failure_errno;
 102             size_t i;
 103
 104             const char *directory_as_prefix =
 105               (directory != NULL && IS_RELATIVE_FILE_NAME (progname)
 106                ? directory
 107                : "");
 108
 109             #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows */
 110             const char *progbasename;
 111
 112             {
 113               const char *p;
 114
 115               progbasename = progname;
 116               for (p = progname; *p != '\0'; p++)
 117                 if (ISSLASH (*p))
 118                   progbasename = p + 1;
 119             }
 120
 121             bool progbasename_has_dot = (strchr (progbasename, '.') != NULL);
 122             #endif
 123
 124             /* Try all platform-dependent suffixes.  */
 125             failure_errno = ENOENT;
 126             for (i = 0; i < sizeof (suffixes) / sizeof (suffixes[0]); i++)
 127               {
 128                 const char *suffix = suffixes[i];
 129
 130                 #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows */
 131                 /* File names without a '.' are not considered executable, and
 132                    for file names with a '.' no additional suffix is tried.  */
 133                 if ((*suffix != '\0') != progbasename_has_dot)
 134                 #endif
 135                   {
 136                     /* Concatenate directory_as_prefix, progname, suffix.  */
 137                     char *progpathname =
 138                       concatenated_filename (directory_as_prefix, progname,
 139                                              suffix);
 140
 141                     if (progpathname == NULL)
 142                       return NULL; /* errno is set here */
 143
 144                     /* On systems which have the eaccess() system call, let's
 145                        use it.  On other systems, let's hope that this program
 146                        is not installed setuid or setgid, so that it is ok to
 147                        call access() despite its design flaw.  */
 148                     if (eaccess (progpathname, X_OK) == 0)
 149                       {
 150                         /* Check that the progpathname does not point to a
 151                            directory.  */
 152                         struct stat statbuf;
 153
 154                         if (stat (progpathname, &statbuf) >= 0)
 155                           {
 156                             if (! S_ISDIR (statbuf.st_mode))
 157                               {
 158                                 /* Found!  */
 159                                 if (strcmp (progpathname, progname) == 0)
 160                                   {
 161                                     free (progpathname);
 162                                     return progname;
 163                                   }
 164                                 else
 165                                   return progpathname;
 166                               }
 167
 168                             errno = EACCES;
 169                           }
 170                       }
 171
 172                     if (errno != ENOENT)
 173                       failure_errno = errno;
 174
 175                     free (progpathname);
 176                   }
 177               }
 178             #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows */
 179             if (failure_errno == ENOENT && !progbasename_has_dot)
 180               {
 181                 /* In the loop above, we skipped suffix = "".  Do this loop
 182                    round now, merely to provide a better errno than ENOENT.  */
 183
 184                 char *progpathname =
 185                   concatenated_filename (directory_as_prefix, progname, "");
 186
 187                 if (progpathname == NULL)
 188                   return NULL; /* errno is set here */
 189
 190                 if (eaccess (progpathname, X_OK) == 0)
 191                   {
 192                     struct stat statbuf;
 193
 194                     if (stat (progpathname, &statbuf) >= 0)
 195                       {
 196                         if (! S_ISDIR (statbuf.st_mode))
 197                           errno = ENOEXEC;
 198                         else
 199                           errno = EACCES;
 200                       }
 201                   }
 202
 203                 failure_errno = errno;
 204
 205                 free (progpathname);
 206               }
 207             #endif
 208
 209             errno = failure_errno;
 210             return NULL;
 211           }
 212       }
 213   }
 214
 215   if (path == NULL)
 216     /* If PATH is not set, the default search path is implementation dependent.
 217        In practice, it is treated like an empty PATH.  */
 218     path = "";
 219
 220   {
 221     /* Make a copy, to prepare for destructive modifications.  */
 222     char *path_copy = strdup (path);
 223     if (path_copy == NULL)
 224       return NULL; /* errno is set here */
 225
 226     int failure_errno;
 227     char *path_rest;
 228     char *cp;
 229
 230     #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows */
 231     bool progname_has_dot = (strchr (progname, '.') != NULL);
 232     #endif
 233
 234     failure_errno = ENOENT;
 235     for (path_rest = path_copy; ; path_rest = cp + 1)
 236       {
 237         const char *dir;
 238         bool last;
 239         char *dir_as_prefix_to_free;
 240         const char *dir_as_prefix;
 241         size_t i;
 242
 243         /* Extract next directory in PATH.  */
 244         dir = path_rest;
 245         for (cp = path_rest; *cp != '\0' && *cp != PATH_SEPARATOR; cp++)
 246           ;
 247         last = (*cp == '\0');
 248         *cp = '\0';
 249
 250         /* Empty PATH components designate the current directory.  */
 251         if (dir == cp)
 252           dir = ".";
 253
 254         /* Concatenate directory and dir.  */
 255         if (directory != NULL && IS_RELATIVE_FILE_NAME (dir))
 256           {
 257             dir_as_prefix_to_free =
 258               concatenated_filename (directory, dir, NULL);
 259             if (dir_as_prefix_to_free == NULL)
 260               {
 261                 /* errno is set here.  */
 262                 failure_errno = errno;
 263                 goto failed;
 264               }
 265             dir_as_prefix = dir_as_prefix_to_free;
 266           }
 267         else
 268           {
 269             dir_as_prefix_to_free = NULL;
 270             dir_as_prefix = dir;
 271           }
 272
 273         /* Try all platform-dependent suffixes.  */
 274         for (i = 0; i < sizeof (suffixes) / sizeof (suffixes[0]); i++)
 275           {
 276             const char *suffix = suffixes[i];
 277
 278             #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows */
 279             /* File names without a '.' are not considered executable, and
 280                for file names with a '.' no additional suffix is tried.  */
 281             if ((*suffix != '\0') != progname_has_dot)
 282             #endif
 283               {
 284                 /* Concatenate dir_as_prefix, progname, and suffix.  */
 285                 char *progpathname =
 286                   concatenated_filename (dir_as_prefix, progname, suffix);
 287
 288                 if (progpathname == NULL)
 289                   {
 290                     /* errno is set here.  */
 291                     failure_errno = errno;
 292                     free (dir_as_prefix_to_free);
 293                     goto failed;
 294                   }
 295
 296                 /* On systems which have the eaccess() system call, let's
 297                    use it.  On other systems, let's hope that this program
 298                    is not installed setuid or setgid, so that it is ok to
 299                    call access() despite its design flaw.  */
 300                 if (eaccess (progpathname, X_OK) == 0)
 301                   {
 302                     /* Check that the progpathname does not point to a
 303                        directory.  */
 304                     struct stat statbuf;
 305
 306                     if (stat (progpathname, &statbuf) >= 0)
 307                       {
 308                         if (! S_ISDIR (statbuf.st_mode))
 309                           {
 310                             /* Found!  */
 311                             if (strcmp (progpathname, progname) == 0)
 312                               {
 313                                 free (progpathname);
 314
 315                                 /* Add the "./" prefix for real, that
 316                                    concatenated_filename() optimized away.
 317                                    This avoids a second PATH search when the
 318                                    caller uses execl/execv/execlp/execvp.  */
 319                                 progpathname =
 320                                   (char *) malloc (2 + strlen (progname) + 1);
 321                                 if (progpathname == NULL)
 322                                   {
 323                                     /* errno is set here.  */
 324                                     failure_errno = errno;
 325                                     free (dir_as_prefix_to_free);
 326                                     goto failed;
 327                                   }
 328                                 progpathname[0] = '.';
 329                                 progpathname[1] = NATIVE_SLASH;
 330                                 memcpy (progpathname + 2, progname,
 331                                         strlen (progname) + 1);
 332                               }
 333
 334                             free (dir_as_prefix_to_free);
 335                             free (path_copy);
 336                             return progpathname;
 337                           }
 338
 339                         errno = EACCES;
 340                       }
 341                   }
 342
 343                 if (errno != ENOENT)
 344                   failure_errno = errno;
 345
 346                 free (progpathname);
 347               }
 348           }
 349         #if defined _WIN32 && !defined __CYGWIN__ /* Native Windows */
 350         if (failure_errno == ENOENT && !progname_has_dot)
 351           {
 352             /* In the loop above, we skipped suffix = "".  Do this loop
 353                round now, merely to provide a better errno than ENOENT.  */
 354
 355             char *progpathname =
 356               concatenated_filename (dir_as_prefix, progname, "");
 357
 358             if (progpathname == NULL)
 359               {
 360                 /* errno is set here.  */
 361                 failure_errno = errno;
 362                 free (dir_as_prefix_to_free);
 363                 goto failed;
 364               }
 365
 366             if (eaccess (progpathname, X_OK) == 0)
 367               {
 368                 struct stat statbuf;
 369
 370                 if (stat (progpathname, &statbuf) >= 0)
 371                   {
 372                     if (! S_ISDIR (statbuf.st_mode))
 373                       errno = ENOEXEC;
 374                     else
 375                       errno = EACCES;
 376                   }
 377               }
 378
 379             failure_errno = errno;
 380
 381             free (progpathname);
 382           }
 383         #endif
 384
 385         free (dir_as_prefix_to_free);
 386
 387         if (last)
 388           break;
 389       }
 390
 391    failed:
 392     /* Not found in PATH.  */
 393     free (path_copy);
 394
 395     errno = failure_errno;
 396     return NULL;
 397   }
 398 }