7 Network Working Group S. Moriai
8 Request for Comments: 4132 Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.
9 Category: Standards Track A. Kato
10 NTT Software Corporation
12 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
16 Addition of Camellia Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security (TLS)
20 This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
21 Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
22 improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
23 Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
24 and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
28 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
32 This document proposes the addition of new cipher suites to the
33 Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol to support the Camellia
34 encryption algorithm as a bulk cipher algorithm.
38 This document proposes the addition of new cipher suites to the TLS
39 protocol [TLS] to support the Camellia encryption algorithm as a bulk
40 cipher algorithm. This proposal provides a new option for fast and
41 efficient bulk cipher algorithms.
43 Note: This work was done when the first author worked for NTT.
47 Camellia was selected as a recommended cryptographic primitive by the
48 EU NESSIE (New European Schemes for Signatures, Integrity and
49 Encryption) project [NESSIE] and included in the list of
50 cryptographic techniques for Japanese e-Government systems, which
51 were selected by the Japan CRYPTREC (Cryptography Research and
52 Evaluation Committees) [CRYPTREC]. Camellia is also included in
53 specification of the TV-Anytime Forum [TV-ANYTIME]. The TV-Anytime
54 Forum is an association of organizations that seeks to develop
58 Moriai, et al. Standards Track [Page 1]
60 RFC 4132 Camellia Cipher Suites for TLS July 2005
63 specifications to enable audio-visual and other services based on
64 mass-market high-volume digital storage in consumer platforms.
65 Camellia is specified as Cipher Suite in TLS used by Phase 1 S-7
66 (Bi-directional Metadata Delivery Protection) specification and S-5
67 (TV-Anytime Rights Management and Protection Information for
68 Broadcast Applications) specification. Camellia has been submitted
69 to other several standardization bodies such as ISO (ISO/IEC 18033)
70 and IETF S/MIME Mail Security Working Group [Camellia-CMS].
72 Camellia supports 128-bit block size and 128-, 192-, and 256-bit key
73 sizes; i.e., the same interface specifications as the Advanced
74 Encryption Standard (AES) [AES].
76 Camellia was jointly developed by NTT and Mitsubishi Electric
77 Corporation in 2000 [CamelliaTech]. It was carefully designed to
78 withstand all known cryptanalytic attacks and even to have a
79 sufficiently large security leeway. It has been scrutinized by
80 worldwide cryptographic experts.
82 Camellia was also designed to be suitable for both software and
83 hardware implementations and to cover all possible encryption
84 applications, from low-cost smart cards to high-speed network
85 systems. Compared to the AES, Camellia offers at least comparable
86 encryption speed in software and hardware. In addition, a
87 distinguishing feature is its small hardware design. Camellia
88 perfectly meets one of the current TLS market requirements, for which
89 low power consumption is mandatory.
91 The algorithm specification and object identifiers are described in
92 [Camellia-Desc]. The Camellia homepage,
93 http://info.isl.ntt.co.jp/camellia/, contains a wealth of information
94 about camellia, including detailed specification, security analysis,
95 performance figures, reference implementation, and test vectors.
99 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT",
100 "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document (in uppercase,
101 as shown) are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
103 2. Proposed Cipher Suites
105 The new cipher suites proposed here have the following definitions:
107 CipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x41 };
108 CipherSuite TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x42 };
109 CipherSuite TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x43 };
110 CipherSuite TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x44 };
114 Moriai, et al. Standards Track [Page 2]
116 RFC 4132 Camellia Cipher Suites for TLS July 2005
119 CipherSuite TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x45 };
120 CipherSuite TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x46 };
122 CipherSuite TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x84 };
123 CipherSuite TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x85 };
124 CipherSuite TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x86 };
125 CipherSuite TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x87 };
126 CipherSuite TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x88 };
127 CipherSuite TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA = { 0x00,0x89 };
129 3. Cipher Suite Definitions
133 All the cipher suites described here use Camellia in cipher block
134 chaining (CBC) mode as a bulk cipher algorithm. Camellia is a 128-
135 bit block cipher with 128-, 192-, and 256-bit key sizes; i.e., it
136 supports the same block and key sizes as the Advanced Encryption
137 Standard (AES). However, this document only defines cipher suites
138 for 128- and 256-bit keys as well as AES cipher suites for TLS
139 [AES-TLS]. These cipher suites are efficient and practical enough
140 for most uses, including high-security applications.
142 Key Expanded Effective IV Block
143 Cipher Type Material Key Material Key Bits Size Size
145 CAMELLIA_128_CBC Block 16 16 128 16 16
146 CAMELLIA_256_CBC Block 32 32 256 16 16
150 All the cipher suites described here use SHA-1 [SHA-1] in a Hashed
151 Message Authentication Code (HMAC) construction, as described in
156 The cipher suites defined here differ in the type of certificate and
157 key exchange method. They use the following options:
159 Cipher Suite Key Exchange Algorithm
161 TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA RSA
162 TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA DH_DSS
163 TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA DH_RSA
164 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA DHE_DSS
165 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA DHE_RSA
166 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_128_CBC_SHA DH_anon
170 Moriai, et al. Standards Track [Page 3]
172 RFC 4132 Camellia Cipher Suites for TLS July 2005
175 TLS_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA RSA
176 TLS_DH_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA DH_DSS
177 TLS_DH_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA DH_RSA
178 TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA DHE_DSS
179 TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA DHE_RSA
180 TLS_DH_anon_WITH_CAMELLIA_256_CBC_SHA DH_anon
182 For the meanings of the terms RSA, DH_DSS, DH_RSA, DHE_DSS, DHE_RSA,
183 and DH_anon, please refer to sections 7.4.2 and 7.4.3 of [TLS].
185 4. Security Considerations
187 It is not believed that the new cipher suites are ever less secure
188 than the corresponding older ones. Camellia is considered secure,
189 and it has withstood extensive cryptanalytic efforts in several open,
190 worldwide cryptographic evaluation projects [CRYPTREC][NESSIE].
192 At the time of writing this document, there are no known weak keys
195 For other security considerations, please refer to the security
196 considerations of the corresponding older cipher suites described in
201 5.1. Normative References
203 [Camellia-Desc] Matsui, M., Nakajima, J., and S. Moriai, "A
204 Description of the Camellia Encryption Algorithm",
205 RFC 3713, April 2004.
207 [TLS] Dierks, T. and C. Allen, "The TLS Protocol Version
208 1.0", RFC 2246, January 1999.
210 [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
211 Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
213 5.2. Informative References
215 [CamelliaTech] Aoki, K., Ichikawa, T., Kanda, M., Matsui, M.,
216 Moriai, S., Nakajima, J., and Tokita, T., "Camellia:
217 A 128-Bit Block Cipher Suitable for Multiple
218 Platforms - Design and Analysis -", In Selected Areas
219 in Cryptography, 7th Annual International Workshop,
220 SAC 2000, August 2000, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in
221 Computer Science 2012, pp.39-56, Springer-Verlag,
226 Moriai, et al. Standards Track [Page 4]
228 RFC 4132 Camellia Cipher Suites for TLS July 2005
231 [Camellia-CMS] Moriai, S. and A. Kato, "Use of the Camellia
232 Encryption Algorithm in Cryptographic Message Syntax
233 (CMS)", RFC 3657, January 2004.
235 [AES] NIST, FIPS PUB 197, "Advanced Encryption Standard
236 (AES)", November 2001.
237 http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-
240 [AES-TLS] Chown, P., "Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
241 Ciphersuites for Transport Layer Security (TLS)", RFC
245 [SHA-1] FIPS PUB 180-1, "Secure Hash Standard", National
246 Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
247 Department of Commerce, April 17, 1995.
249 [CRYPTREC] Information-technology Promotion Agency (IPA), Japan,
251 http://www.ipa.go.jp/security/enc/CRYPTREC/index-
254 [NESSIE] The NESSIE project (New European Schemes for
255 Signatures, Integrity and Encryption),
256 http://www.cosic.esat.kuleuven.ac.be/nessie/.
258 [TV-ANYTIME] TV-Anytime Forum, http://www.tv-anytime.org/.
282 Moriai, et al. Standards Track [Page 5]
284 RFC 4132 Camellia Cipher Suites for TLS July 2005
290 Sony Computer Entertainment Inc.
292 Phone: +81-3-6438-7523
294 EMail: shiho@rd.scei.sony.co.jp
298 NTT Software Corporation
300 Phone: +81-45-212-7094
302 EMail: akato@po.ntts.co.jp
306 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
308 Phone: +81-46-859-2437
310 EMail: kanda.masayuki@lab.ntt.co.jp
311 camellia@lab.ntt.co.jp (Camellia team)
338 Moriai, et al. Standards Track [Page 6]
340 RFC 4132 Camellia Cipher Suites for TLS July 2005
343 Full Copyright Statement
345 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
347 This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
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394 Moriai, et al. Standards Track [Page 7]