4 | :ref:`gmx hbond <gmx hbond>`
5 | The program :ref:`gmx hbond <gmx hbond>`
6 analyzes the *hydrogen bonds* (H-bonds) between all possible donors D
7 and acceptors A. To determine if an H-bond exists, a geometrical
8 criterion is used, see also :numref:`Fig. %s <fig-hbond>`:
10 .. math:: \begin{array}{rclcl}
11 r & \leq & r_{HB} & = & 0.35~\mbox{nm} \\
12 \alpha & \leq & \alpha_{HB} & = & 30^o \\
14 :label: eqnhbondgeomtric
18 .. figure:: plots/hbond.*
21 Geometrical Hydrogen bond criterion.
23 The value of :math:`r_{HB} = 0.35 \mathrm{nm}` corresponds to the first minimum
24 of the RDF of SPC water (see also :numref:`Fig. %s <fig-hbondinsert>`).
26 The program :ref:`gmx hbond <gmx hbond>` analyzes all hydrogen bonds
27 existing between two groups of atoms (which must be either identical or
28 non-overlapping) or in specified donor-hydrogen-acceptor triplets, in
33 .. figure:: plots/hbond-insert.*
36 Insertion of water into an H-bond. (1) Normal H-bond between two
37 residues. (2) H-bonding bridge via a water molecule.
39 - Donor-Acceptor distance (:math:`r`) distribution of all H-bonds
41 - Hydrogen-Donor-Acceptor angle (:math:`\alpha`) distribution of all
44 - The total number of H-bonds in each time frame
46 - The number of H-bonds in time between residues, divided into groups
47 :math:`n`-:math:`n`\ +\ :math:`i` where :math:`n` and
48 :math:`n`\ +\ :math:`i` stand for residue numbers and :math:`i` goes
49 from 0 to 6. The group for :math:`i=6` also includes all H-bonds for
50 :math:`i>6`. These groups include the
51 :math:`n`-:math:`n`\ +\ :math:`3`, :math:`n`-:math:`n`\ +\ :math:`4`
52 and :math:`n`-:math:`n`\ +\ :math:`5` H-bonds, which provide a
53 measure for the formation of :math:`\alpha`-helices or
54 :math:`\beta`-turns or strands.
56 - The lifetime of the H-bonds is calculated from the average over all
57 autocorrelation functions of the existence functions (either 0 or 1)
60 .. math:: C(\tau) ~=~ \langle s_i(t)~s_i (t + \tau) \rangle
63 - with :math:`s_i(t) = \{0,1\}` for H-bond :math:`i` at time
64 :math:`t`. The integral of :math:`C(\tau)` gives a rough estimate of
65 the average H-bond lifetime :math:`\tau_{HB}`:
67 .. math:: \tau_{HB} ~=~ \int_{0}^{\infty} C(\tau) d\tau
70 - Both the integral and the complete autocorrelation function
71 :math:`C(\tau)` will be output, so that more sophisticated analysis
72 (*e.g.* using multi-exponential fits) can be used to get better
73 estimates for :math:`\tau_{HB}`. A more complete analysis is given in
74 ref. \ :ref:`173 <refSpoel2006b>`; one of the more fancy option is the Luzar
75 and Chandler analysis of hydrogen bond kinetics \ :ref:`174 <refLuzar96b>`, :ref:`175 <refLuzar2000a>`.
77 - An H-bond existence map can be generated of dimensions
78 *# H-bonds*\ :math:`\times`\ *# frames*. The ordering is identical to
79 the index file (see below), but reversed, meaning that the last
80 triplet in the index file corresponds to the first row of the
83 - Index groups are output containing the analyzed groups, all
84 donor-hydrogen atom pairs and acceptor atoms in these groups,
85 donor-hydrogen-acceptor triplets involved in hydrogen bonds between
86 the analyzed groups and all solvent atoms involved in insertion.