1 SASL Working Group A. Melnikov
2 Internet Draft ACI WorldWide/MessagingDirect
3 Document: draft-melnikov-sasl-digest-aes-00.txt February 2002
6 AES Ciphersuites for DIGEST-MD5 SASL mechanism
10 This document is an Internet Draft and is in full conformance with
11 all provisions of Section 10 of RFC 2026.
13 Internet Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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31 A revised version of this draft document will be submitted to the RFC
32 editor as a Proposed Standard for the Internet Community. Discussion
33 and suggestions for improvement are requested. Distribution of this
38 Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2002). All Rights Reserved.
42 This document describes the use of the AES Cipher Algorithm in Cipher
43 Block Chaining Mode, as a confidentiality algorithm for DIGEST-MD5
54 At present, the symmetric ciphers supported by DIGEST-MD5 are RC4,
55 DES and triple DES. The SASL mechanism would be enhanced by the
56 addition of AES [AES] ciphersuites, for the following reasons:
58 1. RC4 is a subject to intellectual property claims. RSA Security
59 Inc has claims that the RC4 algorithm is a trade secret.
61 2. DES is not considered secure.
63 3. The AES is computationally and memory efficient and has withstood
64 extensive cryptanalytic analysis. It is easy implementable on
65 a variety of software and hardware, including smart cards
66 and handheld computers. The AES is therefore a desirable choice.
68 This document proposes a new DIGEST-MD5 ciphersuite, with the aim of
69 overcoming these problems.
72 2 Conventions and Notation
74 This document uses conventions established by [DIGEST].
77 3 Definition of AES ciphers for Confidentiality Protection
79 This document extends the ABNF definition of cipher-value defined in
80 section 2.1.1 of [DIGEST].
87 the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cipher [AES] in cipher
88 block chaining (CBC) mode with a 128 bit key. This mode requires an
89 Initialization Vector (IV) that is the same size as the block size.
91 Section 2.4 of [DIGEST] defines the value of "n" that is used to construct
92 Kcc and Kcs. For cipher "aes" n is 16. The key for the "aes" cipher is all
93 16 bytes of Kcc or Kcs.
95 The IV for the "aes" cipher in CBC mode for messages going from client
96 to server (IVc) consists of 16 bytes calculated as follows:
98 IVc = MD5({Kcc, "aes-128"})
100 The IV for the "aes" cipher in CBC mode for messages going from server
101 to client (IVs) consists of 16 bytes calculated as follows:
103 IVs = MD5({Kcs, "aes-128"})
105 The IV is XOR'd with the first plaintext block before it is encrypted.
106 Then for successive blocks, the previous ciphertext block is XOR'd with
107 the current plaintext, before it is encrypted.
110 4 Security Considerations
112 It is not believed that the new ciphersuite is ever less secure
113 than the corresponding older ones. The AES is believed to be
114 secure, and it has withstood extensive cryptanalytic attack.
116 The use of MD5 hash in DIGEST-MD5 limits the length of AES key to
117 128 bit, because a key is the output of MD5 hash (i.e. it can't be
118 longer than 128 bit).
123 [RFC 2222] Myers, J., "Simple Authentication and Security Layer
124 (SASL)", RFC 2222, October 1997.
126 [DIGEST] Leach, P., Newman, C., "Using Digest Authentication as a
127 SASL Mechanism", RFC 2831, May 2000.
129 [AES] Daemen, J., Rijmen, V., "The Rijndael Block Cipher",
130 http://csrc.nist.gov/encryption/aes/rijndael/Rijndael.pdf,
133 [RFC 1321] Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321,
139 This document borrows some text from draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-aes-cbc-03.txt
140 and draft-ietf-tls-ciphersuite-06.txt.
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