1 "LAMMPS WWW Site"_lws - "LAMMPS Documentation"_ld - "LAMMPS Commands"_lc :c
3 :link(lws,http://lammps.sandia.gov)
5 :link(lc,Section_commands.html#comm)
9 pair_style yukawa/colloid command :h3
10 pair_style yukawa/colloid/gpu command :h3
11 pair_style yukawa/colloid/omp command :h3
15 pair_style yukawa/colloid kappa cutoff :pre
17 kappa = screening length (inverse distance units)
18 cutoff = global cutoff for colloidal Yukawa interactions (distance units) :ul
22 pair_style yukawa/colloid 2.0 2.5
23 pair_coeff 1 1 100.0 2.3
24 pair_coeff * * 100.0 :pre
28 Style {yukawa/colloid} computes pairwise interactions with the formula
30 :c,image(Eqs/pair_yukawa_colloid.jpg)
32 where Ri and Rj are the radii of the two particles and Rc is the
35 In contrast to "pair_style yukawa"_pair_yukawa.html, this functional
36 form arises from the Coulombic interaction between two colloid
37 particles, screened due to the presence of an electrolyte, see the
38 book by "Safran"_#Safran for a derivation in the context of DVLO
39 theory. "Pair_style yukawa"_pair_yukawa.html is a screened Coulombic
40 potential between two point-charges and uses no such approximation.
42 This potential applies to nearby particle pairs for which the Derjagin
43 approximation holds, meaning h << Ri + Rj, where h is the
44 surface-to-surface separation of the two particles.
46 When used in combination with "pair_style colloid"_pair_colloid.html,
47 the two terms become the so-called DLVO potential, which combines
48 electrostatic repulsion and van der Waals attraction.
50 The following coefficients must be defined for each pair of atoms
51 types via the "pair_coeff"_pair_coeff.html command as in the examples
52 above, or in the data file or restart files read by the
53 "read_data"_read_data.html or "read_restart"_read_restart.html
54 commands, or by mixing as described below:
56 A (energy/distance units)
57 cutoff (distance units) :ul
59 The prefactor A is determined from the relationship between surface
60 charge and surface potential due to the presence of electrolyte. Note
61 that the A for this potential style has different units than the A
62 used in "pair_style yukawa"_pair_yukawa.html. For low surface
63 potentials, i.e. less than about 25 mV, A can be written as:
65 A = 2 * PI * R*eps*eps0 * kappa * psi^2 :pre
69 R = colloid radius (distance units)
70 eps0 = permittivity of free space (charge^2/energy/distance units)
71 eps = relative permittivity of fluid medium (dimensionless)
72 kappa = inverse screening length (1/distance units)
73 psi = surface potential (energy/charge units) :ul
75 The last coefficient is optional. If not specified, the global
76 yukawa/colloid cutoff is used.
80 Styles with a {gpu}, {intel}, {kk}, {omp}, or {opt} suffix are
81 functionally the same as the corresponding style without the suffix.
82 They have been optimized to run faster, depending on your available
83 hardware, as discussed in "Section 5"_Section_accelerate.html
84 of the manual. The accelerated styles take the same arguments and
85 should produce the same results, except for round-off and precision
88 These accelerated styles are part of the GPU, USER-INTEL, KOKKOS,
89 USER-OMP and OPT packages, respectively. They are only enabled if
90 LAMMPS was built with those packages. See the "Making
91 LAMMPS"_Section_start.html#start_3 section for more info.
93 You can specify the accelerated styles explicitly in your input script
94 by including their suffix, or you can use the "-suffix command-line
95 switch"_Section_start.html#start_7 when you invoke LAMMPS, or you can
96 use the "suffix"_suffix.html command in your input script.
98 See "Section 5"_Section_accelerate.html of the manual for
99 more instructions on how to use the accelerated styles effectively.
103 [Mixing, shift, table, tail correction, restart, rRESPA info]:
105 For atom type pairs I,J and I != J, the A coefficient and cutoff
106 distance for this pair style can be mixed. A is an energy value mixed
107 like a LJ epsilon. The default mix value is {geometric}. See the
108 "pair_modify" command for details.
110 This pair style supports the "pair_modify"_pair_modify.html shift
111 option for the energy of the pair interaction.
113 The "pair_modify"_pair_modify.html table option is not relevant
116 This pair style does not support the "pair_modify"_pair_modify.html
117 tail option for adding long-range tail corrections to energy and
120 This pair style writes its information to "binary restart
121 files"_restart.html, so pair_style and pair_coeff commands do not need
122 to be specified in an input script that reads a restart file.
124 This pair style can only be used via the {pair} keyword of the
125 "run_style respa"_run_style.html command. It does not support the
126 {inner}, {middle}, {outer} keywords.
132 This style is part of the COLLOID package. It is only enabled if
133 LAMMPS was built with that package. See the "Making
134 LAMMPS"_Section_start.html#start_3 section for more info.
136 This pair style requires that atoms be finite-size spheres with a
137 diameter, as defined by the "atom_style sphere"_atom_style.html
140 Per-particle polydispersity is not yet supported by this pair style;
141 per-type polydispersity is allowed. This means all particles of the
142 same type must have the same diameter. Each type can have a different
147 "pair_coeff"_pair_coeff.html
154 [(Safran)] Safran, Statistical Thermodynamics of Surfaces, Interfaces,
155 And Membranes, Westview Press, ISBN: 978-0813340791 (2003).