Test directly for \protected

[latex2e.git] / trunk / base / ltcounts.dtx

% \iffalse meta-comment
%
% Copyright 1993-2016
% The LaTeX3 Project and any individual authors listed elsewhere
% in this file.
%
% This file is part of the LaTeX base system.
% -------------------------------------------
%
% It may be distributed and/or modified under the
% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c
% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
% The latest version of this license is in
%    http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
% and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
% version 2005/12/01 or later.
%
% This file has the LPPL maintenance status "maintained".
%
% The list of all files belonging to the LaTeX base distribution is
% given in the file `manifest.txt'. See also `legal.txt' for additional
% information.
%
% The list of derived (unpacked) files belonging to the distribution
% and covered by LPPL is defined by the unpacking scripts (with
% extension .ins) which are part of the distribution.
%
% \fi
%
% \iffalse
%%% From File: ltcounts.dtx
%
%<*driver>
% \fi
\ProvidesFile{ltcounts.dtx}
             [2015/06/05 v1.1j LaTeX Kernel (Counters)]
% \iffalse
\documentclass{ltxdoc}
\GetFileInfo{ltcounts.dtx}
\title{\filename}
\date{\filedate}
 \author{%
  Johannes Braams\and
  David Carlisle\and
  Alan Jeffrey\and
  Leslie Lamport\and
  Frank Mittelbach\and
  Chris Rowley\and
  Rainer Sch\"opf}

\begin{document}
 \MaintainedByLaTeXTeam{latex}
 \maketitle
 \DocInput{\filename}
\end{document}
%</driver>
% \fi
%
%
% \changes{v1.0c}{1994/03/29}
%     {Create file from parts of ltmiscen and ltherest.}
% \changes{v1.1a}{1994/05/19}{Extracted file from ltcntlen.}
% \changes{v1.1d}{1996/04/23}{Documentation improvements}
%
% \section{Counters and Lengths}
% Commands for defining and using counters. This file defines:
%
% \DescribeMacro{\newcounter}
% To define a new counter.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\setcounter}
% To set the value of counters.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\addtocounter}
% Increase the counter |#1| by the number |#2|.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\stepcounter}
% Increase a counter by one.
%
% \DescribeMacro{\refstepcounter}
% Increase a counter by one, also setting the value used by |\label|.
%
%
% \DescribeMacro{\value}
% For accessing the value of the counter as a \TeX\ number (as opposed
% to |\the|\meta{counter} which expands to the \emph{printed}
% representation of \meta{counter})
%
% \DescribeMacro\arabic
% |\arabic|\marg{counter}: 1, 2, 3, \ldots
%
% \DescribeMacro\roman
% |\roman|\marg{counter}: i, ii, iii, \ldots
%
% \DescribeMacro\Roman
% |\Roman|\marg{counter}: I, II, III, \ldots
%
% \DescribeMacro\alph
% |\alph|\marg{counter}: a, b, c, \ldots
%
% \DescribeMacro\Alph
% |\Alph|\marg{counter}: A, B, C, \ldots
%
% \DescribeMacro\fnsymbol
% |\fnsymbol|\marg{counter}:  $*$, $\dagger$, $\ddagger$, \ldots
%
%
% \StopEventually{}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*2ekernel>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection{Environment Counter Macros}
%
%  An environment  foo  has an associated counter defined by the
%  following control sequences:
%
% \begin{tabular}{lp{.75\textwidth}}
%  |\c@foo|  &  Contains the counter's numerical value.
%                It is defined by  |\newcount\foocounter|.\\
%  |\thefoo| & Macro that expands to the printed value of |\foocounter|.
%              For example, if sections are numbered within chapters,
%              and section headings look like
%
%                  Section II-3.  The Nature of Counters
%
%              then |\thesection| might be defined by:\newline
%                 |\def\thesection|\newline\hspace*{2em}
%                    |{\@Roman{\c@chapter}-\@arabic{\c@section}}|\\
%
%  |\p@foo|  & Macro that expands to a printed `reference prefix' of
%              counter foo.  Any |\ref| to a value created by counter
%              foo will produce the expansion of |\p@foo\thefoo|  when
%              the |\label| command is executed. See file \texttt{ltxref.dtx}
%              for an extension of this mechanism.\\
%  |\cl@foo| & List of counters to be reset when foo stepped.
%              Has format
%                  |\@elt{countera}\@elt{counterb}\@elt{counterc}|.
% \end{tabular}
%
% \textbf{NOTE:}\\
% |\thefoo| and |\p@foo| \emph{must} be defined in such a way that
% |\edef\bar{\thefoo}| or |\edef\bar{\p@foo}|
% defines |\bar| so that it will evaluate to the counter value at the
% time of the |\edef|, even after |\foocounter| and any other counters
% have been changed.  This will happen if you use the standard commands
% |\@arabic|, |\@Roman|, etc.
%
%
%  The following commands are used to define and modify counters.
%
%    |\refstepcounter|\marg{foo}\\
%         Same as |\stepcounter|, but it also defines
%         |\@currentreference| so that a subsequent
%         |\label|\marg{bar} command causes |\ref|\marg{bar} to
%          generate the current value of counter \meta{foo}.
%
%    |\@definecounter|\marg{foo}\\
%        Initializes counter \marg{foo} (with empty reset list), defines
%        |\p@foo| and |\thefoo| to be null. Also adds \meta{foo}
%        to |\cl@@ckpt| --
%          the reset list of a dummy counter |@ckpt| used for taking
%          checkpoints for the |\include| system.
%
%    |\@addtoreset|\marg{foo}\marg{bar} :
%          Adds counter \meta{foo} to the list of counters
%         |\cl@bar| to be reset  when counter \meta{bar} is stepped.
%
%
% \begin{macro}{\setcounter}
% \changes{v1.0d}{1994/04/09}
%     {\cs{@nocnterr} now has counter name argument}
% \changes{v1.0e}{1994/04/17}
%     {Use \cs{@nocounterr} instead of \cs{@nocnterr}}
%    |\setcounter|\marg{foo}\marg{val}  :
%  Globally sets |\foocounter| equal to \meta{val}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\setcounter#1#2{%
  \@ifundefined{c@#1}%
    {\@nocounterr{#1}}%
    {\global\csname c@#1\endcsname#2\relax}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\addtocounter}
% \changes{v1.0d}{1994/04/09}
%     {\cs{@nocnterr} now has counter name argument}
% \changes{v1.0e}{1994/04/17}
%     {Use \cs{@nocounterr} instead of \cs{@nocnterr}}
% |\addtocounter|\marg{foo}\marg{val}
% Globally increments |\foocounter| by \meta{val}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\addtocounter#1#2{%
  \@ifundefined{c@#1}%
    {\@nocounterr{#1}}%
    {\global\advance\csname c@#1\endcsname #2\relax}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\newcounter}
% |\newcounter|\marg{newctr}\oarg{oldctr}
%    Defines \meta{newctr} to be a counter, which is reset when counter
%       \meta{oldctr} is stepped.  If \meta{newctr} already defined
% produces
%           `|c@newctr  already defined|' error.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\newcounter#1{%
  \expandafter\@ifdefinable \csname c@#1\endcsname
    {\@definecounter{#1}}%
  \@ifnextchar[{\@newctr{#1}}{}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\value}
%    |\value|\marg{ctr}
%           produces the value of counter \meta{ctr}, for use with
%           a |\setcounter| or |\addtocounter| command.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\value#1{\csname c@#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@newctr}
% \changes{v1.0d}{1994/04/09}
%     {\cs{@nocnterr} now has counter name argument}
% \changes{v1.0e}{1994/04/17}
%     {Use \cs{@nocounterr} instead of \cs{@nocnterr}}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@newctr#1[#2]{%
  \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@nocounterr{#2}}{\@addtoreset{#1}{#2}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\stepcounter}
% \changes{LaTeX209}{1992/11/23}{Replaced \{\} in \cs{stepcounter} by
%       \cs{begingroup} \cs{endgroup} to avoid adding an empty ord in
%       math mode}
% \changes{v1.0d}{1994/04/09}
%     {Use \cs{addtocounter} to have name checked}
%    |\stepcounter|{foo}
%  Globally increments counter |\c@FOO|
%                             and resets all subsidiary counters.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\stepcounter#1{%
  \addtocounter{#1}\@ne
  \begingroup
    \let\@elt\@stpelt
    \csname cl@#1\endcsname
  \endgroup}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@stpelt}
% \changes{v1.1h}{2015/01/10}{Reset all within counters in one go (latexrelease)}
%
%    Rather than resetting the ``within'' counter to zero we set it to
%    $-1$ and then run |\stepcounter| that moves it to $0$ and also
%    initiates resetting the next level down.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</2ekernel>
%<latexrelease>\IncludeInRelease{2015/01/01}{\@stpelt}
%<latexrelease>                             {Reset nested counters}%
%<*2ekernel|latexrelease>
\def\@stpelt#1{\global\csname c@#1\endcsname \m@ne\stepcounter{#1}}%
%<latexrelease>\EndIncludeInRelease
%</2ekernel|latexrelease>
%<latexrelease>\IncludeInRelease{0000/00/00}{\@stpelt}
%<latexrelease>                             {Reset nested counters}%%
%<latexrelease>\def\@stpelt#1{\global\csname c@#1\endcsname \z@}%
%<latexrelease>\EndIncludeInRelease
%<*2ekernel>
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\cl@@ckpt}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\cl@@ckpt{\@elt{page}}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@definecounter}
%  \changes{v1.1b}{1995/05/20}{Streamlined code}
%  \changes{v1.1c}{1995/05/20}{And do it right}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@definecounter#1{\expandafter\newcount\csname c@#1\endcsname
     \setcounter{#1}\z@
     \global\expandafter\let\csname cl@#1\endcsname\@empty
     \@addtoreset{#1}{@ckpt}%
     \global\expandafter\let\csname p@#1\endcsname\@empty
     \expandafter
     \gdef\csname the#1\expandafter\endcsname\expandafter
          {\expandafter\@arabic\csname c@#1\endcsname}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
% \begin{macro}{\@addtoreset}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@addtoreset#1#2{\expandafter\@cons\csname cl@#2\endcsname {{#1}}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%
%    Numbering commands for definitions of |\theCOUNTER| and |\list|
%    arguments.
%
%    All commands can now be used in text and math mode.
%
%  \begin{macro}{\arabic}
%          Representation of\meta{counter} as arabic numerals.
%          Changed 29 Apr 86 to make it print the obvious thing
%          it COUNTER not positive.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\arabic#1{\expandafter\@arabic\csname c@#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\roman}
%  Representation of \meta{counter} as lower-case
%                           Roman numerals.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\roman#1{\expandafter\@roman\csname c@#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\Roman}
%  Representation of \meta{counter} as upper-case
%                           Roman numerals.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\Roman#1{\expandafter\@Roman\csname c@#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\alph}
%  Representation of \meta{counter} as a lower-case
%                           letter: 1 = a, 2 = b, etc.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\alph#1{\expandafter\@alph\csname c@#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\Alph}
%  Representation of \meta{counter} as an upper-case
%                           letter: 1 = A, 2 = B, etc.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\Alph#1{\expandafter\@Alph\csname c@#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
% \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\fnsymbol}
%  \changes{v1.1b}{1995/05/20}{Streamlined code}
% \changes{v1.1e}{1997/03/21}
%     {Use \cs{mathsection} and \cs{mathparagraph}. latex/2445}
%
%    Representation of \meta{COUNTER} as a footnote
%                           symbol: 1 = $*$, 2 = $\dagger$, etc.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\fnsymbol#1{\expandafter\@fnsymbol\csname c@#1\endcsname}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
% \changes{v1.0f}{1994/05/13}{Removed \cs{@ialph}}
% \changes{v1.0f}{1994/05/13}{Removed \cs{@Ialph}}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@arabic}
%     |\@arabic\FOOcounter|
%     Representation of |\FOOcounter| as arabic numerals.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@arabic#1{\number #1}  %% changed 29 Apr 86
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@roman}
%   |\@roman\FOOcounter|
%    Representation of |\FOOcounter| as lower-case
%                           Roman numerals.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@roman#1{\romannumeral #1}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@Roman}
%     |\@Roman\FOOcounter|
%     Representation of |\FOOcounter| as upper-case
%                    Roman numerals.

% \changes{v1.1f}{1997/10/06}{Change \cs{@Roman} to be fully
%    expandable, so that the result is written properly to files.}
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@Roman#1{\expandafter\@slowromancap\romannumeral #1@}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@slowromancap}
% \changes{v1.1f}{1997/10/06}{Macro added.}
%    Fully expandable macro to change a roman number to uppercase.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@slowromancap#1{\ifx @#1% then terminate
     \else
       \if i#1I\else\if v#1V\else\if x#1X\else\if l#1L\else\if
       c#1C\else\if d#1D\else \if m#1M\else#1\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi
       \expandafter\@slowromancap
     \fi
}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@alph}
%     |\@alph\FOOcounter|
%     Representation of |\FOOcounter| as a lower-case
%                    letter: 1 = a, 2 = b, etc.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@alph#1{%
  \ifcase#1\or a\or b\or c\or d\or e\or f\or g\or h\or i\or j\or
   k\or l\or m\or n\or o\or p\or q\or r\or s\or t\or u\or v\or w\or x\or
    y\or z\else\@ctrerr\fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@Alph}
%     |\@Alph\FOOcounter|
%       Representation of |\FOOcounter| as an upper-case
%                    letter: 1 = A, 2 = B, etc.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\def\@Alph#1{%
  \ifcase#1\or A\or B\or C\or D\or E\or F\or G\or H\or I\or J\or
   K\or L\or M\or N\or O\or P\or Q\or R\or S\or T\or U\or V\or W\or X\or
    Y\or Z\else\@ctrerr\fi}
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\@fnsymbol}
%  \changes{v1.1b}{1995/05/20}{Allowing both text and math}
%    Typesetting old fashioned footnote symbols.
%    This can be done both in text or math mode now.
%
%  \changes{v1.1h}{2015/01/10}{Unse \cs{TextOrMath} (latexrelease)}
%    This macro is another example of an ever recurring problem in
%    \TeX: Determining if something is text-mode or math-mode. It is
%    imperative for the decision between text and math to be delayed
%    until the actual typesetting is done as the code in question may
%    go through an |\edef| or |\write| where an |\ifmmode| test would
%    be executed prematurely. Hence in the implementation below,
%    |\@fnsymbol| is not robust in itself but the parts doing the
%    actual typesetting are.
%
%    In the case of |\@fnsymbol| we make use of the robust command
%    |\TextOrMath| which takes two arguments and typesets the first if
%    in text-mode and the second if in math-mode. Note that in order
%    for this command to make the correct decision, it must insert a
%    |\relax| token if run under regular \TeX, which ruins any kerning
%    between the preceding characters and whatever awaits
%    typesetting. If you use e\TeX\ as engine for \LaTeX\ (as
%    recommended) this unfortunate side effect is not present.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</2ekernel>
%<latexrelease>\IncludeInRelease{2015/01/01}{\@fnsymbol}{Use \TexOrMath}%
%<*2ekernel|latexrelease>
\def\@fnsymbol#1{%
   \ifcase#1\or \TextOrMath\textasteriskcentered *\or
   \TextOrMath \textdagger \dagger\or
   \TextOrMath \textdaggerdbl \ddagger \or
   \TextOrMath \textsection  \mathsection\or
   \TextOrMath \textparagraph \mathparagraph\or
   \TextOrMath \textbardbl \|\or
   \TextOrMath {\textasteriskcentered\textasteriskcentered}{**}\or
   \TextOrMath {\textdagger\textdagger}{\dagger\dagger}\or
   \TextOrMath {\textdaggerdbl\textdaggerdbl}{\ddagger\ddagger}\else
   \@ctrerr \fi
}%
%</2ekernel|latexrelease>
%<latexrelease>\EndIncludeInRelease
%<latexrelease>\IncludeInRelease{0000/00/00}{\@fnsymbol}{Use \TexOrMath}%
%<latexrelease>\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ensuremath{%
%<latexrelease>   \ifcase#1\or *\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or \mathsection\or
%<latexrelease>     \mathparagraph\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger
%<latexrelease>     \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi}}%
%<latexrelease>\EndIncludeInRelease
%<*2ekernel>
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%  \begin{macro}{\TextOrMath}
%    \changes{v1.1h}{2015/01/11}{Add command to solve robustness
%      issues (pr/3752) (latexrelease)}
%    \changes{v1.1j}{2016/10/19}{Test directly for \cs{protected}}
%    When using regular \TeX, we make this command robust so that it
%    always selects the correct branch in an |\ifmmode| switch with
%    the usual disadvantage of ruining kerning. For the application we
%    use it for here that shouldn't matter. The alternative would be
%    to mimic |\IeC| from \textsf{inputenc} but then it wil have the
%    disadvantage of choosing the wrong branch if appearing at the
%    beginning of an alignment cell. However, users of e\TeX\ will be
%    pleasantly surprised to get the best of both worlds and no bad
%    side effects.
%
%    First some code for checking if we are running e\TeX\ but making
%    sure not to permanently turn |\protected| into |\relax|.
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</2ekernel>
%<latexrelease>\IncludeInRelease{2015/01/01}{\TextOrMath}{\TextOrMath}%
%<*2ekernel|latexrelease>
\begingroup\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\endgroup
\expandafter\ifx\csname protected\endcsname\relax
%    \end{macrocode}
% In case of ordinary \TeX\ we define |\TextOrMath| as a robust
% command but make sure it always grabs its arguments. If we didn't do
% this it might very well gobble spaces in the input stream.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\DeclareRobustCommand\TextOrMath{%
  \ifmmode  \expandafter\@secondoftwo
  \else     \expandafter\@firstoftwo  \fi}
\protected@edef\TextOrMath#1#2{\TextOrMath{#1}{#2}}
\else
%    \end{macrocode}
% For e\TeX\ the situation is similar. The robust macro is a hidden
% one so that we again avoid problems of gobbling spaces in the input.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\protected\expandafter\def\csname TextOrMath\space\endcsname{%
  \ifmmode  \expandafter\@secondoftwo
  \else     \expandafter\@firstoftwo  \fi}
\edef\TextOrMath#1#2{%
  \expandafter\noexpand\csname TextOrMath\space\endcsname
  {#1}{#2}}
\fi
%</2ekernel|latexrelease>
%<latexrelease>\EndIncludeInRelease
%<latexrelease>\IncludeInRelease{0000/00/00}{\TextOrMath}{\TextOrMath}%
%<latexrelease>\let\TextOrMath\@undefined
%<latexrelease>\EndIncludeInRelease
%<*2ekernel>
%    \end{macrocode}
%  \end{macro}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%</2ekernel>
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \Finale
%