1 Babel Installation Guide
6 When you install the babel system you have first to decide
7 whether you want to make a new format file. If you don't, you
8 miss some of the functionality of the babel system, but you
9 can then skip steps 2 through 6 . If you do want to build a
10 new format, start with step 1.
12 When you want to produce the full listing of all the source
13 files in the babel system run babel.drv through LaTeX, then
14 use MakeIndex to produce babel.ind using the command:
15 makeindex -s bbind.ist babel
16 and use MakeIndex to produce babel.gls using the command:
17 makeindex -s bbglo.ist -o babel.gls babel.glo
18 Then run LaTeX on babel.drv again.
20 1 Make sure that you have the Docstrip (version 2) program
21 available (it is part of the LaTeX2e distribution); then
22 run the file babel.ins through TeX.
23 This strips all the .dtx files of the comments and produces
24 fast loadable versions of the files.
25 The installation files that are part of the babel
26 distribution all contain \usedir{tex/generic/babel}
27 commands. The effect of this is that TeX will attempt to
28 write the files it produces into your TDS compliant
29 directory tree. If you have a different tree you should
30 either change these commands or comment them out. Using the
31 file docstrip.cfg you can instruct docstrip about the `root'
32 of the TDS tree. On my Win95 TeX-Live installation I have:
33 \BaseDirectory{D:/TeX-Local/texmf}
34 %\BaseDirectory{D:/TeX-Live/texmf}
36 whereas on my Linux installation I use:
37 \BaseDirectory{/usr/local/TeX}
38 %\BaseDirectory{/usr/TeX/texmf}
40 If all of these are correct and TeX still complains about
41 not being able to store the files it is possible that the
42 file texmf.cnf prohibits writing into the system trees.
43 Look for the line with openout_any; if it's value is 'p'
44 (paranoid) change it to 'r' (restricted).
45 If all of the above doesn't work for you (or you commented
46 out the \usedir lines) you will have to move the resulting
47 .ldf, .sty, .def, .cfg and .fd files yourself into a
48 directory where TeX can find them.
50 On some operating systems you might get an error message
53 ! I can't write on file `./catalan.sty'.
58 Please type another output file name:
60 In such a case you have run into a maximum number of open
61 files limit in your computer. You can get around this by
62 telling docstrip to open less files at a time (from bug
63 report Babel/2592, answer by David Carlisle):
65 As long as you have a reasonably new copy of docstrip,
66 you can make a docstrip.cfg file at your site to tell
67 docstrip that you have operating system limits on the
69 Make a file docstrip.cfg with the two lines:
74 and docstrip will keep below 8 the number of files it has
75 open. (You may need to experiment to see how large your
76 system lets you make these numbers, the default is 16)
78 % \subsection{Setting maximum numbers of streams}
81 Docstrip also produces two files called babel.drv and
82 user.drv. You can use babel.drv to produce the full
83 documented source listing of the babel system. (Which is
84 also provided as babel.dvi) You can use user.drv to produce
85 a short document that describes the features of each
86 language specific file.
88 2 Make sure you have the hyphenation patterns available for
89 the languages that you intend to use. If you don't have
90 them, you may be able to find them in CTAN, in the directory:
91 /tex-archive/language/hyphenation.
92 If you happen to have a set of patterns that is not
93 available there you could make it available by either
94 putting it in the /incoming directory or sending it to me.
96 3 The docstripping process will have produced a file called
97 hyphen.cfg. This file will be loaded when you build a
98 LaTeX format. To build a plain format with the babel system
99 preloaded you can use the file bplain.tex as a wrapper for
100 plain.tex. When you run it through iniTeX plain.tex will be
101 loaded, as well as hyphen.cfg. When you type \dump at the
102 end you will get bplain.fmt which you can use as your
103 plain TeX format. Renaming hyphen.tex to something else is
104 not permitted by Don Knuth.
106 4 Check the hyphenation patterns that you have available and
107 want to load into the format. For each language that you
108 want to hyphenate correctly you need a hyphenation pattern.
109 List them all in the file `language.dat'. The file that is
110 in the distribution serves as an example of what you have to
112 The files containing hyphenation patterns should be found
113 somewhere on TeX's `input path'. What that means depends on
114 the implementation of TeX you use:
115 - With emTeX there is an environment variable TEXINPUT in
116 which you can list the directories to search through,
117 adding a ! to a directory will make emTeX do a recursive
118 search through the directory tree.
119 - With Unix TeX the `system directories' do not need to be
120 specified in the environment variable TEXINPUTS; there
121 adding a double / to a directory name means recursive
122 searching of the directory tree.
124 5 Run iniTeX, telling it to load your favorite macro package
126 When you build a LaTeX format iniTeX will find the file
127 hyphen.cfg (provided that you have stored it in the
129 When you build a plain TeX format using the supplied file
130 bplain.tex iniTeX will also find hyphen.cfg.
132 *Beware*: some implementations of TeX only look in the
133 current directory when the \openin primitive is used. If
134 your TeX does that you need to put the file `languages.dat'
135 in the same directory where you build your format.
137 6 When the iniTeX run in step 5 stops with a message about
138 not enough memory (trie_size = ...) and "you can ask a
139 wizard to enlarge me" You have tried to load more
140 hyphenation patterns into TeX's memory then it has room for.
141 In that case you can either remove one or more languages
142 from the file language.dat or be your own wizard and enlarge
143 TeX. I can not tell you how to do that for all
144 implementations of TeX as it differs with each
145 implementation. Your distribution should contain a
146 description of what to.
147 - With emTeX you can influence the size of some of the
148 memory arrays with command line switches (/mt:65000 for
150 - With Unix TeX you have to change a file called tex.ch and
151 rebuild TeX using the supplied Makefile. The change you
152 need to make is to enlarge the trie_size and
154 - With Web2C TeX (version 7 and newer) you can change the
155 value of the trie_size in the file web2c/texmf.cnf.
157 --- Copyright 2004 Johannes Braams. All rights reserved ---