fpga/hi_iso14443a.v

   1 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 // ISO14443-A support for the Proxmark III
   3 // Gerhard de Koning Gans, April 2008
   4 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   5
   6 // constants for the different modes:
   7 `define SNIFFER                 3'b000
   8 `define TAGSIM_LISTEN   3'b001
   9 `define TAGSIM_MOD              3'b010
  10 `define READER_LISTEN   3'b011
  11 `define READER_MOD              3'b100
  12
  13 module hi_iso14443a(
  14     pck0, ck_1356meg, ck_1356megb,
  15     pwr_lo, pwr_hi, pwr_oe1, pwr_oe2, pwr_oe3, pwr_oe4,
  16     adc_d, adc_clk,
  17     ssp_frame, ssp_din, ssp_dout, ssp_clk,
  18     cross_hi, cross_lo,
  19     dbg,
  20     mod_type
  21 );
  22     input pck0, ck_1356meg, ck_1356megb;
  23     output pwr_lo, pwr_hi, pwr_oe1, pwr_oe2, pwr_oe3, pwr_oe4;
  24     input [7:0] adc_d;
  25     output adc_clk;
  26     input ssp_dout;
  27     output ssp_frame, ssp_din, ssp_clk;
  28     input cross_hi, cross_lo;
  29     output dbg;
  30     input [2:0] mod_type;
  31
  32
  33 wire adc_clk = ck_1356meg;
  34
  35
  36
  37 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  38 // Reader -> PM3:
  39 // detecting and shaping the reader's signal. Reader will modulate the carrier by 100% (signal is either on or off). Use a
  40 // hysteresis (Schmitt Trigger) to avoid false triggers during slowly increasing or decreasing carrier amplitudes
  41 reg after_hysteresis;
  42 reg [11:0] has_been_low_for;
  43
  44 always @(negedge adc_clk)
  45 begin
  46         if(adc_d >= 16) after_hysteresis <= 1'b1;                       // U >= 1,14V   -> after_hysteresis = 1
  47     else if(adc_d < 8) after_hysteresis <= 1'b0;                // U <  1,04V   -> after_hysteresis = 0
  48         // Note: was >= 3,53V and <= 1,19V. The new trigger values allow more reliable detection of the first bit
  49         // (it might not reach 3,53V due to the high time constant of the high pass filter in the analogue RF part).
  50         // In addition, the new values are more in line with ISO14443-2: "The PICC shall detect the ”End of Pause” after the field exceeds
  51         // 5% of H_INITIAL and before it exceeds 60% of H_INITIAL." Depending on the signal strength, 60% might well be less than 3,53V.
  52
  53
  54         // detecting a loss of reader's field (adc_d < 192 for 4096 clock cycles). If this is the case,
  55         // set the detected reader signal (after_hysteresis) to '1' (unmodulated)
  56         if(adc_d >= 192)
  57     begin
  58         has_been_low_for <= 12'd0;
  59     end
  60     else
  61     begin
  62         if(has_been_low_for == 12'd4095)
  63         begin
  64             has_been_low_for <= 12'd0;
  65             after_hysteresis <= 1'b1;
  66         end
  67         else
  68                 begin
  69             has_been_low_for <= has_been_low_for + 1;
  70                 end
  71     end
  72
  73 end
  74
  75
  76
  77 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  78 // Reader -> PM3
  79 // detect when a reader is active (modulating). We assume that the reader is active, if we see the carrier off for at least 8
  80 // carrier cycles. We assume that the reader is inactive, if the carrier stayed high for at least 256 carrier cycles.
  81 reg deep_modulation;
  82 reg [2:0] deep_counter;
  83 reg [8:0] saw_deep_modulation;
  84
  85 always @(negedge adc_clk)
  86 begin
  87         if(~(| adc_d[7:0]))                                                                     // if adc_d == 0 (U <= 0,94V)
  88         begin
  89                 if(deep_counter == 3'd7)                                                // adc_d == 0 for 8 adc_clk ticks -> deep_modulation (by reader)
  90                 begin
  91                         deep_modulation <= 1'b1;
  92                         saw_deep_modulation <= 8'd0;
  93                 end
  94                 else
  95                         deep_counter <= deep_counter + 1;
  96         end
  97         else
  98         begin
  99                 deep_counter <= 3'd0;
 100                 if(saw_deep_modulation == 8'd255)                               // adc_d != 0 for 256 adc_clk ticks -> deep_modulation is over, probably waiting for tag's response
 101                         deep_modulation <= 1'b0;
 102                 else
 103                         saw_deep_modulation <= saw_deep_modulation + 1;
 104         end
 105 end
 106
 107
 108
 109 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 110 // Tag -> PM3
 111 // filter the input for a tag's signal. The filter box needs the 4 previous input values and is a gaussian derivative filter
 112 // for noise reduction and edge detection.
 113 // store 4 previous samples:
 114 reg [7:0] input_prev_4, input_prev_3, input_prev_2, input_prev_1;
 115 // convert to signed signals (and multiply by two for samples at t-4 and t)
 116 wire signed [10:0] input_prev_4_times_2 = {0, 0, input_prev_4, 0};
 117 wire signed [10:0] input_prev_3_times_1 = {0, 0, 0, input_prev_3};
 118 wire signed [10:0] input_prev_1_times_1 = {0, 0, 0, input_prev_1};
 119 wire signed [10:0] adc_d_times_2 = {0, 0, adc_d, 0};
 120
 121 wire signed [10:0] tmp_1, tmp_2;
 122 wire signed [10:0] adc_d_filtered;
 123 integer i;
 124
 125 assign  tmp_1 = input_prev_4_times_2 + input_prev_3_times_1;
 126 assign  tmp_2 = input_prev_1_times_1 + adc_d_times_2;
 127
 128 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 129 begin
 130         // for (i = 3; i > 0; i = i - 1)
 131         // begin
 132                 // input_shift[i] <= input_shift[i-1];
 133         // end
 134         // input_shift[0] <= adc_d;
 135         input_prev_4 <= input_prev_3;
 136         input_prev_3 <= input_prev_2;
 137         input_prev_2 <= input_prev_1;
 138         input_prev_1 <= adc_d;
 139 end
 140
 141 // assign adc_d_filtered = (input_shift[3] << 1) + input_shift[2] - input_shift[0] - (adc_d << 1);
 142 assign adc_d_filtered = tmp_1 - tmp_2;
 143
 144
 145 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 146 // internal FPGA timing. Maximum required period is 128 carrier clock cycles for a full 8 Bit transfer to ARM. (i.e. we need a
 147 // 7 bit counter). Adjust its frequency to external reader's clock when simulating a tag or sniffing.
 148 reg pre_after_hysteresis;
 149 reg [3:0] reader_falling_edge_time;
 150 reg [6:0] negedge_cnt;
 151
 152 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 153 begin
 154         // detect a reader signal's falling edge and remember its timing:
 155         pre_after_hysteresis <= after_hysteresis;
 156         if (pre_after_hysteresis && ~after_hysteresis)
 157         begin
 158                 reader_falling_edge_time[3:0] <= negedge_cnt[3:0];
 159         end
 160
 161         // adjust internal timer counter if necessary:
 162         if (negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'd13 && (mod_type == `SNIFFER || mod_type == `TAGSIM_LISTEN) && deep_modulation)
 163         begin
 164                 if (reader_falling_edge_time == 4'd1)                   // reader signal changes right after sampling. Better sample earlier next time.
 165                 begin
 166                         negedge_cnt <= negedge_cnt + 2;                         // time warp
 167                 end
 168                 else if (reader_falling_edge_time == 4'd0)              // reader signal changes right before sampling. Better sample later next time.
 169                 begin
 170                         negedge_cnt <= negedge_cnt;                                     // freeze time
 171                 end
 172                 else
 173                 begin
 174                         negedge_cnt <= negedge_cnt + 1;                         // Continue as usual
 175                 end
 176                 reader_falling_edge_time[3:0] <= 4'd8;                  // adjust only once per detected edge
 177         end
 178         else if (negedge_cnt == 7'd127)                                         // normal operation: count from 0 to 127
 179         begin
 180                 negedge_cnt <= 0;
 181         end
 182         else
 183         begin
 184                 negedge_cnt <= negedge_cnt + 1;
 185         end
 186 end
 187
 188
 189 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 190 // Tag -> PM3:
 191 // determine best possible time for starting/resetting the modulation detector.
 192 reg [3:0] mod_detect_reset_time;
 193
 194 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 195 begin
 196         if (mod_type == `READER_LISTEN)
 197         // (our) reader signal changes at t=1, tag response expected n*16+4 ticks later, further delayed by
 198         // 3 ticks ADC conversion.
 199         // 1 + 4 + 3 = 8
 200         begin
 201                 mod_detect_reset_time <= 4'd8;
 202         end
 203         else
 204         if (mod_type == `SNIFFER)
 205         begin
 206                 // detect a rising edge of reader's signal and sync modulation detector to the tag's answer:
 207                 if (~pre_after_hysteresis && after_hysteresis && deep_modulation)
 208                 // reader signal rising edge detected at negedge_cnt[3:0]. This signal had been delayed
 209                 // 9 ticks by the RF part + 3 ticks by the A/D converter + 1 tick to assign to after_hysteresis.
 210                 // The tag will respond n*16 + 4 ticks later + 3 ticks A/D converter delay.
 211                 // - 9 - 3 - 1 + 4 + 3 = -6
 212                 begin
 213                         mod_detect_reset_time <= negedge_cnt[3:0] - 4'd4;
 214                 end
 215         end
 216 end
 217
 218
 219 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 220 // Tag -> PM3:
 221 // modulation detector. Looks for the steepest falling and rising edges within a 16 clock period. If there is both a significant
 222 // falling and rising edge (in any order), a modulation is detected.
 223 reg signed [10:0] rx_mod_falling_edge_max;
 224 reg signed [10:0] rx_mod_rising_edge_max;
 225 reg curbit;
 226
 227 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 228 begin
 229         if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == mod_detect_reset_time)
 230         begin
 231                 // detect modulation signal: if modulating, there must have been a falling AND a rising edge
 232                 if (rx_mod_falling_edge_max > 5 && rx_mod_rising_edge_max > 5)
 233                                 curbit <= 1'b1; // modulation
 234                         else
 235                                 curbit <= 1'b0; // no modulation
 236                 // reset modulation detector
 237                 rx_mod_rising_edge_max <= 0;
 238                 rx_mod_falling_edge_max <= 0;
 239         end
 240         else                                                                                    // look for steepest edges (slopes)
 241         begin
 242                 if (adc_d_filtered > 0)
 243                 begin
 244                         if (adc_d_filtered > rx_mod_falling_edge_max)
 245                                 rx_mod_falling_edge_max <= adc_d_filtered;
 246                 end
 247                 else
 248                 begin
 249                         if (-adc_d_filtered > rx_mod_rising_edge_max)
 250                                 rx_mod_rising_edge_max <= -adc_d_filtered;
 251                 end
 252         end
 253
 254 end
 255
 256
 257
 258 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 259 // Tag+Reader -> PM3
 260 // sample 4 bits reader data and 4 bits tag data for sniffing
 261 reg [3:0] reader_data;
 262 reg [3:0] tag_data;
 263
 264 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 265 begin
 266     if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'd0)
 267         begin
 268         reader_data[3:0] <= {reader_data[2:0], after_hysteresis};
 269                 tag_data[3:0] <= {tag_data[2:0], curbit};
 270         end
 271 end
 272
 273
 274
 275 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 276 // PM3 -> Tag:
 277 // a delay line to ensure that we send the (emulated) tag's answer at the correct time according to ISO14443-3
 278 reg [31:0] mod_sig_buf;
 279 reg [4:0] mod_sig_ptr;
 280 reg mod_sig;
 281
 282 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 283 begin
 284         if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'd0)    // sample data at rising edge of ssp_clk - ssp_dout changes at the falling edge.
 285         begin
 286                 mod_sig_buf[31:2] <= mod_sig_buf[30:1];                         // shift
 287                 if (~ssp_dout && ~mod_sig_buf[1])
 288                         mod_sig_buf[1] <= 1'b0;                                                 // delete the correction bit (a single 1 preceded and succeeded by 0)
 289                 else
 290                         mod_sig_buf[1] <= mod_sig_buf[0];
 291                 mod_sig_buf[0] <= ssp_dout;                                                     // add new data to the delay line
 292
 293                 mod_sig = mod_sig_buf[mod_sig_ptr];                                     // the delayed signal.
 294         end
 295 end
 296
 297
 298
 299 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 300 // PM3 -> Tag, internal timing:
 301 // a timer for the 1172 cycles fdt (Frame Delay Time). Start the timer with a rising edge of the reader's signal.
 302 // set fdt_elapsed when we no longer need to delay data. Set fdt_indicator when we can start sending data.
 303 // Note: the FPGA only takes care for the 1172 delay. To achieve an additional 1236-1172=64 ticks delay, the ARM must send
 304 // a correction bit (before the start bit). The correction bit will be coded as 00010000, i.e. it adds 4 bits to the
 305 // transmission stream, causing the required additional delay.
 306 reg [10:0] fdt_counter;
 307 reg fdt_indicator, fdt_elapsed;
 308 reg [3:0] mod_sig_flip;
 309 reg [3:0] sub_carrier_cnt;
 310
 311 // we want to achieve a delay of 1172. The RF part already has delayed the reader signals's rising edge
 312 // by 9 ticks, the ADC took 3 ticks and there is always a delay of 32 ticks by the mod_sig_buf. Therefore need to
 313 // count to 1172 - 9 - 3 - 32 = 1128
 314 `define FDT_COUNT 11'd1128
 315
 316 // The ARM must not send too early, otherwise the mod_sig_buf will overflow, therefore signal that we are ready
 317 // with fdt_indicator. The mod_sig_buf can buffer 29 excess data bits, i.e. a maximum delay of 29 * 16 = 464 adc_clk ticks.
 318 // fdt_indicator could appear at ssp_din after 1 tick, the transfer needs 16 ticks, the ARM can send 128 ticks later.
 319 // 1128 - 464 - 1 - 128 - 8 = 535
 320 `define FDT_INDICATOR_COUNT 11'd535
 321
 322 // reset on a pause in listen mode. I.e. the counter starts when the pause is over:
 323 assign fdt_reset = ~after_hysteresis && mod_type == `TAGSIM_LISTEN;
 324
 325 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 326 begin
 327         if (fdt_reset)
 328         begin
 329                 fdt_counter <= 11'd0;
 330                 fdt_elapsed <= 1'b0;
 331                 fdt_indicator <= 1'b0;
 332         end
 333         else
 334         begin
 335                 if(fdt_counter == `FDT_COUNT)
 336                 begin
 337                         if(~fdt_elapsed)                                                        // just reached fdt.
 338                         begin
 339                                 mod_sig_flip <= negedge_cnt[3:0];               // start modulation at this time
 340                                 sub_carrier_cnt <= 4'd0;                                // subcarrier phase in sync with start of modulation
 341                                 fdt_elapsed <= 1'b1;
 342                         end
 343                         else
 344                         begin
 345                                 sub_carrier_cnt <= sub_carrier_cnt + 1;
 346                         end
 347                 end
 348                 else
 349                 begin
 350                         fdt_counter <= fdt_counter + 1;
 351                 end
 352         end
 353
 354         if(fdt_counter == `FDT_INDICATOR_COUNT) fdt_indicator <= 1'b1;
 355 end
 356
 357
 358 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 359 // PM3 -> Reader or Tag
 360 // assign a modulation signal to the antenna. This signal is either a delayed signal (to achieve fdt when sending to a reader)
 361 // or undelayed when sending to a tag
 362 reg mod_sig_coil;
 363
 364 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 365 begin
 366         if (mod_type == `TAGSIM_MOD)                     // need to take care of proper fdt timing
 367         begin
 368                 if(fdt_counter == `FDT_COUNT)
 369                 begin
 370                         if(fdt_elapsed)
 371                         begin
 372                                 if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == mod_sig_flip) mod_sig_coil <= mod_sig;
 373                         end
 374                         else
 375                         begin
 376                                 mod_sig_coil <= mod_sig;        // just reached fdt. Immediately assign signal to coil
 377                         end
 378                 end
 379         end
 380         else                                                                    // other modes: don't delay
 381         begin
 382                 mod_sig_coil <= ssp_dout;
 383         end
 384 end
 385
 386
 387
 388 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 389 // PM3 -> Reader
 390 // determine the required delay in the mod_sig_buf (set mod_sig_ptr).
 391 reg temp_buffer_reset;
 392
 393 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 394 begin
 395         if(fdt_reset)
 396         begin
 397                 mod_sig_ptr <= 5'd0;
 398                 temp_buffer_reset = 1'b0;
 399         end
 400         else
 401         begin
 402                 if(fdt_counter == `FDT_COUNT && ~fdt_elapsed)                                                   // if we just reached fdt
 403                         if(~(| mod_sig_ptr[4:0]))
 404                                 mod_sig_ptr <= 5'd8;                                                                                    // ... but didn't buffer a 1 yet, delay next 1 by n*128 ticks.
 405                         else
 406                                 temp_buffer_reset = 1'b1;                                                                               // else no need for further delays.
 407
 408                 if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'd0)                                                                                    // at rising edge of ssp_clk - ssp_dout changes at the falling edge.
 409                 begin
 410                         if((ssp_dout || (| mod_sig_ptr[4:0])) && ~fdt_elapsed)                          // buffer a 1 (and all subsequent data) until fdt is reached.
 411                                 if (mod_sig_ptr == 5'd31)
 412                                         mod_sig_ptr <= 5'd0;                                                                            // buffer overflow - data loss.
 413                                 else
 414                                         mod_sig_ptr <= mod_sig_ptr + 1;                                                         // increase buffer (= increase delay by 16 adc_clk ticks). mod_sig_ptr always points ahead of first 1.
 415                         else if(fdt_elapsed && ~temp_buffer_reset)
 416                         begin
 417                                 // wait for the next 1 after fdt_elapsed before fixing the delay and starting modulation. This ensures that the response can only happen
 418                                 // at intervals of 8 * 16 = 128 adc_clk ticks (as defined in ISO14443-3)
 419                                 if(ssp_dout)
 420                                         temp_buffer_reset = 1'b1;
 421                                 if(mod_sig_ptr == 5'd1)
 422                                         mod_sig_ptr <= 5'd8;                                                                            // still nothing received, need to go for the next interval
 423                                 else
 424                                         mod_sig_ptr <= mod_sig_ptr - 1;                                                         // decrease buffer.
 425                         end
 426                 end
 427         end
 428 end
 429
 430
 431
 432 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 433 // FPGA -> ARM communication:
 434 // buffer 8 bits data to be sent to ARM. Shift them out bit by bit.
 435 reg [7:0] to_arm;
 436
 437 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 438 begin
 439         if (negedge_cnt[5:0] == 6'd63)                                                  // fill the buffer
 440         begin
 441                 if (mod_type == `SNIFFER)
 442                 begin
 443                         if(deep_modulation)                                                     // a reader is sending (or there's no field at all)
 444                         begin
 445                                 to_arm <= {reader_data[3:0], 4'b0000};          // don't send tag data
 446                         end
 447                         else
 448                         begin
 449                                 to_arm <= {reader_data[3:0], tag_data[3:0]};
 450                         end
 451                 end
 452                 else
 453                 begin
 454                         to_arm[7:0] <= {mod_sig_ptr[4:0], mod_sig_flip[3:1]}; // feedback timing information
 455                 end
 456         end
 457
 458         if(negedge_cnt[2:0] == 3'b000 && mod_type == `SNIFFER)  // shift at double speed
 459         begin
 460                 // Don't shift if we just loaded new data, obviously.
 461                 if(negedge_cnt[5:0] != 6'd0)
 462                 begin
 463                         to_arm[7:1] <= to_arm[6:0];
 464                 end
 465         end
 466
 467         if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'b0000 && mod_type != `SNIFFER)
 468         begin
 469                 // Don't shift if we just loaded new data, obviously.
 470                 if(negedge_cnt[6:0] != 7'd0)
 471                 begin
 472                         to_arm[7:1] <= to_arm[6:0];
 473                 end
 474         end
 475
 476 end
 477
 478
 479 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 480 // FPGA -> ARM communication:
 481 // generate a ssp clock and ssp frame signal for the synchronous transfer from/to the ARM
 482 reg ssp_clk;
 483 reg ssp_frame;
 484 reg [2:0] ssp_frame_counter;
 485
 486 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 487 begin
 488         if(mod_type == `SNIFFER)
 489         // SNIFFER mode (ssp_clk = adc_clk / 8, ssp_frame clock = adc_clk / 64)):
 490         begin
 491                 if(negedge_cnt[2:0] == 3'd0)
 492                         ssp_clk <= 1'b1;
 493                 if(negedge_cnt[2:0] == 3'd4)
 494                         ssp_clk <= 1'b0;
 495
 496                 if(negedge_cnt[5:0] == 6'd0)    // ssp_frame rising edge indicates start of frame
 497                         ssp_frame <= 1'b1;
 498                 if(negedge_cnt[5:0] == 6'd8)
 499                         ssp_frame <= 1'b0;
 500         end
 501         else
 502         // all other modes (ssp_clk = adc_clk / 16, ssp_frame clock = adc_clk / 128):
 503         begin
 504                 if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'd0)
 505                         ssp_clk <= 1'b1;
 506                 if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'd8)
 507                         ssp_clk <= 1'b0;
 508
 509                 if(negedge_cnt[6:0] == 7'd7)    // ssp_frame rising edge indicates start of frame
 510                         ssp_frame <= 1'b1;
 511                 if(negedge_cnt[6:0] == 7'd23)
 512                         ssp_frame <= 1'b0;
 513         end
 514 end
 515
 516
 517
 518 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 519 // FPGA -> ARM communication:
 520 // select the data to be sent to ARM
 521 reg bit_to_arm;
 522 reg sendbit;
 523
 524 always @(negedge adc_clk)
 525 begin
 526         if(negedge_cnt[3:0] == 4'd0)
 527         begin
 528                 // What do we communicate to the ARM
 529                 if(mod_type == `TAGSIM_LISTEN)
 530                         sendbit = after_hysteresis;
 531                 else if(mod_type == `TAGSIM_MOD)
 532                         /* if(fdt_counter > 11'd772) sendbit = mod_sig_coil; // huh?
 533                         else */
 534                         sendbit = fdt_indicator;
 535                 else if (mod_type == `READER_LISTEN)
 536                         sendbit = curbit;
 537                 else
 538                         sendbit = 1'b0;
 539         end
 540
 541
 542         if(mod_type == `SNIFFER)
 543                 // send sampled reader and tag data:
 544                 bit_to_arm = to_arm[7];
 545         else if (mod_type == `TAGSIM_MOD && fdt_elapsed && temp_buffer_reset)
 546                 // send timing information:
 547                 bit_to_arm = to_arm[7];
 548         else
 549                 // send data or fdt_indicator
 550                 bit_to_arm = sendbit;
 551 end
 552
 553
 554
 555
 556 assign ssp_din = bit_to_arm;
 557
 558 // Subcarrier (adc_clk/16, for TAGSIM_MOD only).
 559 wire sub_carrier;
 560 assign sub_carrier = ~sub_carrier_cnt[3];
 561
 562 // in READER_MOD: drop carrier for mod_sig_coil==1 (pause); in READER_LISTEN: carrier always on; in other modes: carrier always off
 563 assign pwr_hi = (ck_1356megb & (((mod_type == `READER_MOD) & ~mod_sig_coil) || (mod_type == `READER_LISTEN)));
 564
 565
 566 // Enable HF antenna drivers:
 567 assign pwr_oe1 = 1'b0;
 568 assign pwr_oe3 = 1'b0;
 569
 570 // TAGSIM_MOD: short circuit antenna with different resistances (modulated by sub_carrier modulated by mod_sig_coil)
 571 // for pwr_oe4 = 1 (tristate): antenna load = 10k || 33                 = 32,9 Ohms
 572 // for pwr_oe4 = 0 (active):   antenna load = 10k || 33 || 33   = 16,5 Ohms
 573 assign pwr_oe4 = mod_sig_coil & sub_carrier & (mod_type == `TAGSIM_MOD);
 574
 575 // This is all LF, so doesn't matter.
 576 assign pwr_oe2 = 1'b0;
 577 assign pwr_lo = 1'b0;
 578
 579
 580 assign dbg = negedge_cnt[3];
 581
 582 endmodule