include/a/a.h

   1 /*!
   2  @file a.h
   3  @brief algorithm library
   4 */
   5
   6 #ifndef LIBA_A_H
   7 #define LIBA_A_H
   8
   9 #if defined(A_HAVE_H)
  10 #include A_HAVE_H
  11 #endif /* A_HAVE_H */
  12
  13 /*! @cond */
  14
  15 #if !defined __has_attribute
  16 #define __has_attribute(x) 0
  17 #endif /* __has_attribute */
  18 #if !defined __has_builtin
  19 #define __has_builtin(x) 0
  20 #endif /* __has_builtin */
  21 #if !defined __has_feature
  22 #define __has_feature(x) 0
  23 #endif /* __has_feature */
  24 #if !defined __has_include
  25 #define __has_include(x) 0
  26 #endif /* __has_include */
  27 #if !defined __has_warning
  28 #define __has_warning(x) 0
  29 #endif /* __has_warning */
  30 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE
  31 #define A_HAVE_INLINE 1
  32 #elif A_HAVE_INLINE + 0 < 1
  33 #undef A_HAVE_INLINE
  34 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
  35 #if defined(__GNUC__) || \
  36     defined(__clang__)
  37 #pragma GCC system_header
  38 #endif /* __GNUC__ */
  39
  40 #if defined(__STDC_LIB_EXT1__)
  41 #if !defined __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__
  42 #define __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__ 1
  43 #endif /* __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__ */
  44 #endif /* __STDC_LIB_EXT1__ */
  45
  46 #if defined(__MINGW32__)
  47 #undef __USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO
  48 #define __USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO 1
  49 #endif /* __MINGW32__ */
  50
  51 /* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_C++ */
  52 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
  53 #define A_PREREQ_MSVC(maj, min) (_MSC_VER >= (maj * 100 + min))
  54 #else /* !_MSC_VER */
  55 #define A_PREREQ_MSVC(maj, min) 0
  56 #endif /* _MSC_VER */
  57
  58 /* https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/cpp/Common-Predefined-Macros.html */
  59 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__GNUC_MINOR__)
  60 #define A_PREREQ_GNUC(maj, min) ((__GNUC__ << 16) + __GNUC_MINOR__ >= ((maj) << 16) + (min))
  61 #else /* !__GNUC__ */
  62 #define A_PREREQ_GNUC(maj, min) 0
  63 #endif /* __GNUC__ */
  64
  65 /* https://clang.llvm.org/docs/LanguageExtensions.html */
  66 #if defined(__clang_major__) && defined(__clang_minor__)
  67 #define A_PREREQ_LLVM(maj, min) ((__clang_major__ << 16) + __clang_minor__ >= ((maj) << 16) + (min))
  68 #else /* !__clang__ */
  69 #define A_PREREQ_LLVM(maj, min) 0
  70 #endif /* __clang__ */
  71
  72 #if !defined A_FUNC
  73 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
  74 #define A_FUNC __FUNCTION__
  75 #elif defined(__GNUC__)
  76 #define A_FUNC (__extension__ __PRETTY_FUNCTION__)
  77 #elif defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus > 201100L) || \
  78     defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ > 199900L)
  79 #define A_FUNC __func__
  80 #else /* !__func__ */
  81 #define A_FUNC __FUNCTION__
  82 #endif /* __func__ */
  83 #endif /* A_FUNC */
  84
  85 #if defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ > 199900L) || \
  86     defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus > 201100L) || A_PREREQ_MSVC(18, 0)
  87
  88 #if !defined A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS
  89 #define A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS 1
  90 #endif /* A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
  91
  92 #if !defined A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE
  93 #define A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE 1
  94 #endif /* A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE */
  95
  96 #endif /* C > 199900 or C++ > 201100 */
  97 #if defined(A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS) && (A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS + 0 < 1)
  98 #undef A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS
  99 #endif /* A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
 100 #if defined(A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE) && (A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE + 0 < 1)
 101 #undef A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE
 102 #endif /* A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE */
 103
 104 #if defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus > 201100L) || \
 105     defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && (__STDC_VERSION__ > 201100L)
 106
 107 #if !defined A_HAVE_STATIC_ASSERT
 108 #define A_HAVE_STATIC_ASSERT 1
 109 #endif /* A_HAVE_STATIC_ASSERT */
 110
 111 #endif /* C > 201100 or C++ > 201100 */
 112 #if defined(A_HAVE_STATIC_ASSERT) && (A_HAVE_STATIC_ASSERT + 0 < 1)
 113 #undef A_HAVE_STATIC_ASSERT
 114 #endif /* A_HAVE_STATIC_ASSERT */
 115
 116 #if defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus > 201100L)
 117
 118 #if !defined A_HAVE_NULLPTR
 119 #define A_HAVE_NULLPTR 1
 120 #endif /* A_HAVE_NULLPTR */
 121
 122 #endif /*  C++ > 201100 */
 123 #if defined(A_HAVE_NULLPTR) && (A_HAVE_NULLPTR + 0 < 1)
 124 #undef A_HAVE_NULLPTR
 125 #endif /* A_HAVE_NULLPTR */
 126
 127 #if A_PREREQ_GNUC(2, 96) || __has_builtin(__builtin_expect)
 128 #define A_UNLIKELY(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 0)
 129 #define A_LIKELY(x) __builtin_expect(!!(x), 1)
 130 #else /* !likely */
 131 #define A_UNLIKELY(x) (!!(x))
 132 #define A_LIKELY(x) (!!(x))
 133 #endif /* likely */
 134
 135 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
 136 #define A_DECLSPEC(x) __declspec(x)
 137 #else /* !__declspec */
 138 #define A_DECLSPEC(x)
 139 #endif /* __declspec */
 140
 141 #if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
 142 #define A_ATTRIBUTE(x) __attribute__(x)
 143 #else /* !__attribute__ */
 144 #define A_ATTRIBUTE(x)
 145 #endif /* __attribute__ */
 146
 147 #if __has_builtin(__builtin_assume)
 148 #define A_ASSUME(x) __builtin_assume(x)
 149 #elif A_PREREQ_GNUC(13, 0)
 150 #define A_ASSUME(x) __attribute__((__assume__(x)))
 151 #elif defined(__GNUC__)
 152 #define A_ASSUME(x)                            \
 153     do {                                       \
 154         if (!(x)) { __builtin_unreachable(); } \
 155     } while (0)
 156 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
 157 #define A_ASSUME(x) __assume(x)
 158 #else /* !assume */
 159 #define A_ASSUME(x) (void)0
 160 #endif /* assume */
 161
 162 /* attribute format */
 163 #if A_PREREQ_GNUC(2, 4) || __has_attribute(format)
 164 #define A_FORMAT(_, a, b) __attribute__((__format__(_, a, b)))
 165 #else /* !format */
 166 #define A_FORMAT(_, a, b)
 167 #endif /* format */
 168
 169 /* attribute fallthrough */
 170 #if A_PREREQ_GNUC(7, 0) || __has_attribute(fallthrough)
 171 #define A_FALLTHROUGH __attribute__((__fallthrough__))
 172 #else /* !fallthrough */
 173 #define A_FALLTHROUGH (void)0
 174 #endif /* fallthrough */
 175
 176 /* attribute deprecated */
 177 #if A_PREREQ_GNUC(3, 2) || __has_attribute(deprecated)
 178 #define A_DEPRECATED __attribute__((__deprecated__))
 179 #elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
 180 #define A_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
 181 #else /* !deprecated */
 182 #define A_DEPRECATED
 183 #endif /* deprecated */
 184
 185 /* attribute always inline */
 186 #if A_PREREQ_GNUC(3, 2) || __has_attribute(always_inline)
 187 #define A_INLINE __inline __attribute__((__always_inline__))
 188 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
 189 #define A_INLINE __inline __forceinline
 190 #else /* !_MSC_VER */
 191 #define A_INLINE __inline
 192 #endif /* _MSC_VER */
 193 #if !defined A_INTERN
 194 #define A_INTERN static A_INLINE
 195 #endif /* A_INTERN */
 196
 197 /* attribute visibility */
 198 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
 199 #define A_EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
 200 #define A_IMPORT __declspec(dllimport)
 201 #define A_HIDDEN
 202 #elif A_PREREQ_GNUC(4, 0) || __has_attribute(visibility)
 203 #define A_EXPORT __attribute__((__visibility__("default")))
 204 #define A_IMPORT __attribute__((__visibility__("default")))
 205 #define A_HIDDEN __attribute__((__visibility__("hidden")))
 206 #else /* !visibility */
 207 #define A_EXPORT
 208 #define A_IMPORT
 209 #define A_HIDDEN
 210 #endif /* visibility */
 211 #if defined(A_EXPORTS)
 212 #define A_PUBLIC A_EXPORT
 213 #elif defined(A_IMPORTS)
 214 #define A_PUBLIC A_IMPORT
 215 #else /* !A_PUBLIC */
 216 #define A_PUBLIC
 217 #endif /* A_PUBLIC */
 218
 219 #if !defined A_EXTERN
 220 #define A_EXTERN A_PUBLIC extern
 221 #endif /* A_EXTERN */
 222 #if !defined __cplusplus
 223 #define A_EXTERN_C
 224 #define A_EXTERN_C_ENTER
 225 #define A_EXTERN_C_LEAVE
 226 #else /* !__cplusplus */
 227 #define A_EXTERN_C extern "C"
 228 #define A_EXTERN_C_ENTER extern "C" {
 229 #define A_EXTERN_C_LEAVE }
 230 #endif /* __cplusplus */
 231
 232 /*! @endcond */
 233
 234 /* byte order of little endian architecture */
 235 #if defined(__ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__)
 236 #define A_ORDER_LITTLE __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
 237 #else /* !__ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__ */
 238 #define A_ORDER_LITTLE 1234
 239 #endif /* __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__ */
 240 /* byte order of big endian architecture */
 241 #if defined(__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__)
 242 #define A_ORDER_BIG __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
 243 #else /* !__ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__ */
 244 #define A_ORDER_BIG 4321
 245 #endif /* __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__ */
 246 /* byte order of architecture */
 247 #if !defined A_BYTE_ORDER
 248 #if defined(__BYTE_ORDER__)
 249 #define A_BYTE_ORDER __BYTE_ORDER__
 250 #endif /* __BYTE_ORDER__ */
 251 #endif /* A_BYTE_ORDER */
 252
 253 /* size of void pointer */
 254 #if !defined A_SIZE_POINTER
 255 #if defined(__SIZEOF_POINTER__)
 256 #define A_SIZE_POINTER __SIZEOF_POINTER__
 257 #elif defined(_WIN64)
 258 #define A_SIZE_POINTER 8
 259 #elif defined(_WIN32)
 260 #define A_SIZE_POINTER 4
 261 #endif /* __SIZEOF_POINTER__ */
 262 #endif /* A_SIZE_POINTER */
 263
 264 #include <stddef.h>
 265 #include <limits.h>
 266 #include <stdint.h>
 267 #include <float.h>
 268
 269 /*!
 270  @addtogroup liba algorithm library
 271  @{
 272 */
 273
 274 /*! assert a build-time dependency, as an expression */
 275 #define A_BUILD_ASSERT(x) (void)(sizeof(char[1 - 2 * !(x)]))
 276 #define A_BUILD_BUG_ON(x) (void)(sizeof(char[1 - 2 * !!(x)]))
 277
 278 #if defined(__cplusplus)
 279 #define a_cast_r(T, x) reinterpret_cast<T>(x)
 280 #define a_cast_d(T, x) dynamic_cast<T>(x)
 281 #define a_cast_s(T, x) static_cast<T>(x)
 282 #define a_cast_c(T, x) const_cast<T>(x)
 283 #else /* !__cplusplus */
 284 #define a_cast_r(T, x) ((T)(x))
 285 #define a_cast_d(T, x) ((T)(x))
 286 #define a_cast_s(T, x) ((T)(x))
 287 #define a_cast_c(T, x) ((T)(x))
 288 #endif /* __cplusplus */
 289 #define A_CAST_3(a, b, c) a##b##c
 290 #define A_CAST_2(a, b) a##b
 291 #define A_CAST_1(a) #a
 292
 293 #if defined(__cplusplus) && defined(A_HAVE_NULLPTR)
 294 #define A_NULL nullptr
 295 #else /* !__cplusplus */
 296 #define A_NULL NULL
 297 #endif /* __cplusplus */
 298 /*! static cast to \ref a_void */
 299 #define a_void_c(_, x) a_cast_s(void, x)
 300 #define a_void_(_, x) a_cast_s(void _, x)
 301 /*! incomplete type or no parameter or no return value */
 302 #define a_void void
 303
 304 #if defined(__cplusplus)
 305 #define A_TRUE true
 306 #define A_FALSE false
 307 #if !defined A_BOOL
 308 #define A_BOOL bool
 309 #endif /* A_BOOL */
 310 #else /* !__cplusplus */
 311 #define A_TRUE 1
 312 #define A_FALSE 0
 313 #if !defined A_BOOL
 314 #define A_BOOL _Bool
 315 #endif /* A_BOOL */
 316 #endif /* __cplusplus */
 317 /*! static cast to \ref a_bool */
 318 #define a_bool_c(x) (!!(x))
 319 /*! type, capable of holding one of the two values: 1 and 0 */
 320 #define a_bool A_BOOL
 321
 322 #define A_INT int
 323 #define A_INT_MIN INT_MIN
 324 #define A_INT_MAX INT_MAX
 325 /*! static cast to \ref a_int */
 326 #define a_int_c(x) a_cast_s(A_INT, x)
 327 #define a_int_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_INT _, x)
 328 /*! signed integer type is guaranteed to be at least 16 bits */
 329 #define a_int A_INT
 330
 331 #define A_UINT unsigned int
 332 #define A_UINT_MAX UINT_MAX
 333 /*! static cast to \ref a_uint */
 334 #define a_uint_c(x) a_cast_s(A_UINT, x)
 335 #define a_uint_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_UINT _, x)
 336 /*! unsigned integer type is guaranteed to be at least 16 bits */
 337 #define a_uint A_UINT
 338
 339 #define A_SHRT short
 340 #define A_SHRT_MIN SHRT_MIN
 341 #define A_SHRT_MAX SHRT_MAX
 342 /*! static cast to \ref a_shrt */
 343 #define a_shrt_c(x) a_cast_s(A_SHRT, x)
 344 #define a_shrt_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_SHRT _, x)
 345 /*! signed integer type is guaranteed to be at least 16 bits */
 346 #define a_shrt A_SHRT
 347
 348 #define A_USHRT unsigned short
 349 #define A_USHRT_MAX USHRT_MAX
 350 /*! static cast to \ref a_ushrt */
 351 #define a_ushrt_c(x) a_cast_s(A_USHRT, x)
 352 #define a_ushrt_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_USHRT _, x)
 353 /*! unsigned integer type is guaranteed to be at least 16 bits */
 354 #define a_ushrt A_USHRT
 355
 356 #define A_LONG long
 357 #define A_LONG_MIN LONG_MIN
 358 #define A_LONG_MAX LONG_MAX
 359 /*! static cast to \ref a_long */
 360 #define a_long_c(x) a_cast_s(A_LONG, x)
 361 #define a_long_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_LONG _, x)
 362 /*! signed integer type is guaranteed to be at least 32 bits */
 363 #define a_long A_LONG
 364
 365 #define A_ULONG unsigned long
 366 #define A_ULONG_MAX ULONG_MAX
 367 /*! static cast to \ref a_ulong */
 368 #define a_ulong_c(x) a_cast_s(A_ULONG, x)
 369 #define a_ulong_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_ULONG _, x)
 370 /*! unsigned integer type is guaranteed to be at least 32 bits */
 371 #define a_ulong A_ULONG
 372
 373 #if defined(A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE)
 374
 375 #define A_LLONG long long
 376 #define A_LLONG_MIN LLONG_MIN
 377 #define A_LLONG_MAX LLONG_MAX
 378 /*! static cast to \ref a_llong */
 379 #define a_llong_c(x) a_cast_s(A_LLONG, x)
 380 #define a_llong_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_LLONG _, x)
 381 /*! signed integer type is guaranteed to be at least 64 bits */
 382 #define a_llong A_LLONG
 383
 384 #define A_ULLONG unsigned long long
 385 #define A_ULLONG_MAX ULLONG_MAX
 386 /*! static cast to \ref a_ullong */
 387 #define a_ullong_c(x) a_cast_s(A_ULLONG, x)
 388 #define a_ullong_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_ULLONG _, x)
 389 /*! unsigned integer type is guaranteed to be at least 64 bits */
 390 #define a_ullong A_ULLONG
 391
 392 #endif /* A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE */
 393
 394 #define A_BYTE unsigned char
 395 #define A_BYTE_MAX UCHAR_MAX
 396 /*! static cast to \ref a_byte */
 397 #define a_byte_c(x) a_cast_s(A_BYTE, x)
 398 #define a_byte_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_BYTE _, x)
 399 /*! type for unsigned character representation */
 400 #define a_byte A_BYTE
 401
 402 #define A_C8 char
 403 #define A_C8_MIN CHAR_MIN
 404 #define A_C8_MAX CHAR_MAX
 405 /*! static cast to \ref a_c8 */
 406 #define a_c8_c(x) a_cast_s(A_C8, x)
 407 #define a_c8_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_C8 _, x)
 408 /*! type for character representation */
 409 #define a_c8 A_C8
 410
 411 #if !defined A_I8
 412 #define A_I8 int8_t
 413 #endif /* A_I8 */
 414 #if !defined A_I8_C && defined(INT8_C)
 415 #define A_I8_C(X) INT8_C(X)
 416 #endif /* A_I8_C */
 417 #if !defined A_I8_MIN && defined(INT8_MIN)
 418 #define A_I8_MIN INT8_MIN
 419 #endif /* A_I8_MIN */
 420 #if !defined A_I8_MAX && defined(INT8_MAX)
 421 #define A_I8_MAX INT8_MAX
 422 #endif /* A_I8_MAX */
 423 /*! static cast to \ref a_i8 */
 424 #define a_i8_c(x) a_cast_s(A_I8, x)
 425 #define a_i8_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_I8 _, x)
 426 /*! signed integer type with width of exactly 8 bits */
 427 #define a_i8 A_I8
 428
 429 #if !defined A_U8
 430 #define A_U8 uint8_t
 431 #endif /* A_U8 */
 432 #if !defined A_U8_C && defined(UINT8_C)
 433 #define A_U8_C(X) UINT8_C(X)
 434 #endif /* A_U8_C */
 435 #if !defined A_U8_MAX && defined(UINT8_MAX)
 436 #define A_U8_MAX UINT8_MAX
 437 #endif /* A_U8_MAX */
 438 /*! static cast to \ref a_u8 */
 439 #define a_u8_c(x) a_cast_s(A_U8, x)
 440 #define a_u8_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_U8 _, x)
 441 /*! unsigned integer type with width of exactly 8 bits */
 442 #define a_u8 A_U8
 443
 444 #if !defined A_I16
 445 #define A_I16 int16_t
 446 #endif /* A_I16 */
 447 #if !defined A_I16_C && defined(INT16_C)
 448 #define A_I16_C(X) INT16_C(X)
 449 #endif /* A_I16_C */
 450 #if !defined A_I16_MIN && defined(INT16_MIN)
 451 #define A_I16_MIN INT16_MIN
 452 #endif /* A_I16_MIN */
 453 #if !defined A_I16_MAX && defined(INT16_MAX)
 454 #define A_I16_MAX INT16_MAX
 455 #endif /* A_I16_MAX */
 456 /*! static cast to \ref a_i16 */
 457 #define a_i16_c(x) a_cast_s(A_I16, x)
 458 #define a_i16_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_I16 _, x)
 459 /*! signed integer type with width of exactly 16 bits */
 460 #define a_i16 A_I16
 461
 462 #if !defined A_U16
 463 #define A_U16 uint16_t
 464 #endif /* A_U16 */
 465 #if !defined A_U16_C && defined(UINT16_C)
 466 #define A_U16_C(X) UINT16_C(X)
 467 #endif /* A_U16_C */
 468 #if !defined A_U16_MAX && defined(UINT16_MAX)
 469 #define A_U16_MAX UINT16_MAX
 470 #endif /* A_U16_MAX */
 471 /*! static cast to \ref a_u16 */
 472 #define a_u16_c(x) a_cast_s(A_U16, x)
 473 #define a_u16_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_U16 _, x)
 474 /*! unsigned integer type with width of exactly 16 bits */
 475 #define a_u16 A_U16
 476
 477 #if !defined A_I32
 478 #define A_I32 int32_t
 479 #endif /* A_I32 */
 480 #if !defined A_I32_C && defined(INT32_C)
 481 #define A_I32_C(X) INT32_C(X)
 482 #endif /* A_I32_C */
 483 #if !defined A_I32_MIN && defined(INT32_MIN)
 484 #define A_I32_MIN INT32_MIN
 485 #endif /* A_I32_MIN */
 486 #if !defined A_I32_MAX && defined(INT32_MAX)
 487 #define A_I32_MAX INT32_MAX
 488 #endif /* A_I32_MAX */
 489 /*! static cast to \ref a_i32 */
 490 #define a_i32_c(x) a_cast_s(A_I32, x)
 491 #define a_i32_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_I32 _, x)
 492 /*! signed integer type with width of exactly 32 bits */
 493 #define a_i32 A_I32
 494
 495 #if !defined A_U32
 496 #define A_U32 uint32_t
 497 #endif /* A_U32 */
 498 #if !defined A_U32_C && defined(UINT32_C)
 499 #define A_U32_C(X) UINT32_C(X)
 500 #endif /* A_U32_C */
 501 #if !defined A_U32_MAX && defined(UINT32_MAX)
 502 #define A_U32_MAX UINT32_MAX
 503 #endif /* A_U32_MAX */
 504 /*! static cast to \ref a_u32 */
 505 #define a_u32_c(x) a_cast_s(A_U32, x)
 506 #define a_u32_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_U32 _, x)
 507 /*! unsigned integer type with width of exactly 32 bits */
 508 #define a_u32 A_U32
 509
 510 #if !defined A_I64
 511 #define A_I64 int64_t
 512 #endif /* A_I64 */
 513 #if !defined A_I64_C && defined(INT64_C)
 514 #define A_I64_C(X) INT64_C(X)
 515 #endif /* A_I64_C */
 516 #if !defined A_I64_MIN && defined(INT64_MIN)
 517 #define A_I64_MIN INT64_MIN
 518 #endif /* A_I64_MIN */
 519 #if !defined A_I64_MAX && defined(INT64_MAX)
 520 #define A_I64_MAX INT64_MAX
 521 #endif /* A_I64_MAX */
 522 /*! static cast to \ref a_i64 */
 523 #define a_i64_c(x) a_cast_s(A_I64, x)
 524 #define a_i64_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_I64 _, x)
 525 /*! signed integer type with width of exactly 64 bits */
 526 #define a_i64 A_I64
 527
 528 #if !defined A_U64
 529 #define A_U64 uint64_t
 530 #endif /* A_U64 */
 531 #if !defined A_U64_C && defined(UINT64_C)
 532 #define A_U64_C(X) UINT64_C(X)
 533 #endif /* A_U64_C */
 534 #if !defined A_U64_MAX && defined(UINT64_MAX)
 535 #define A_U64_MAX UINT64_MAX
 536 #endif /* A_U64_MAX */
 537 /*! static cast to \ref a_u64 */
 538 #define a_u64_c(x) a_cast_s(A_U64, x)
 539 #define a_u64_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_U64 _, x)
 540 /*! unsigned integer type with width of exactly 64 bits */
 541 #define a_u64 A_U64
 542
 543 #if !defined A_IMAX
 544 #define A_IMAX intmax_t
 545 #endif /* A_IMAX */
 546 #if !defined A_IMAX_C && defined(INTMAX_C)
 547 #define A_IMAX_C(X) INTMAX_C(X)
 548 #endif /* A_IMAX_C */
 549 #if !defined A_IMAX_MIN && defined(INTMAX_MIN)
 550 #define A_IMAX_MIN INTMAX_MIN
 551 #endif /* A_IMAX_MIN */
 552 #if !defined A_IMAX_MAX && defined(INTMAX_MAX)
 553 #define A_IMAX_MAX INTMAX_MAX
 554 #endif /* A_IMAX_MAX */
 555 /*! static cast to \ref a_imax */
 556 #define a_imax_c(x) a_cast_s(A_IMAX, x)
 557 #define a_imax_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_IMAX _, x)
 558 /*! maximum-width signed integer type */
 559 #define a_imax A_IMAX
 560
 561 #if !defined A_UMAX
 562 #define A_UMAX uintmax_t
 563 #endif /* A_UMAX */
 564 #if !defined A_UMAX_C && defined(UINTMAX_C)
 565 #define A_UMAX_C(X) UINTMAX_C(X)
 566 #endif /* A_UMAX_C */
 567 #if !defined A_UMAX_MAX && defined(UINTMAX_MAX)
 568 #define A_UMAX_MAX UINTMAX_MAX
 569 #endif /* A_UMAX_MAX */
 570 /*! static cast to \ref a_umax */
 571 #define a_umax_c(x) a_cast_s(A_UMAX, x)
 572 #define a_umax_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_UMAX _, x)
 573 /*! maximum-width unsigned integer type */
 574 #define a_umax A_UMAX
 575
 576 #if !defined A_IPTR
 577 #define A_IPTR intptr_t
 578 #endif /* A_IPTR */
 579 #if !defined A_IPTR_MIN && defined(INTPTR_MIN)
 580 #define A_IPTR_MIN INTPTR_MIN
 581 #endif /* A_IPTR_MIN */
 582 #if !defined A_IPTR_MAX && defined(INTPTR_MAX)
 583 #define A_IPTR_MAX INTPTR_MAX
 584 #endif /* A_IPTR_MAX */
 585 /*! static cast to \ref a_iptr */
 586 #define a_iptr_c(x) a_cast_s(A_IPTR, x)
 587 #define a_iptr_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_IPTR _, x)
 588 /*! signed integer type capable of holding a pointer to void */
 589 #define a_iptr A_IPTR
 590
 591 #if !defined A_UPTR
 592 #define A_UPTR uintptr_t
 593 #endif /* A_UPTR */
 594 #if !defined A_UPTR_MAX && defined(UINTPTR_MAX)
 595 #define A_UPTR_MAX UINTPTR_MAX
 596 #endif /* A_UPTR_MAX */
 597 /*! static cast to \ref a_uptr */
 598 #define a_uptr_c(x) a_cast_s(A_UPTR, x)
 599 #define a_uptr_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_UPTR _, x)
 600 /*! unsigned integer type capable of holding a pointer to void */
 601 #define a_uptr A_UPTR
 602
 603 #if !defined A_DIFF
 604 #define A_DIFF ptrdiff_t
 605 #endif /* A_DIFF */
 606 #if !defined A_DIFF_MIN && defined(PTRDIFF_MIN)
 607 #define A_DIFF_MIN PTRDIFF_MIN
 608 #endif /* A_DIFF_MIN */
 609 #if !defined A_DIFF_MAX && defined(PTRDIFF_MAX)
 610 #define A_DIFF_MAX PTRDIFF_MAX
 611 #endif /* A_DIFF_MAX */
 612 /*! static cast to \ref a_diff */
 613 #define a_diff_c(x) a_cast_s(A_DIFF, x)
 614 #define a_diff_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_DIFF _, x)
 615 /*! signed integer type returned when subtracting two pointers */
 616 #define a_diff A_DIFF
 617
 618 #if !defined A_SIZE
 619 #define A_SIZE size_t
 620 #endif /* A_SIZE */
 621 #if !defined A_SIZE_MAX && defined(SIZE_MAX)
 622 #define A_SIZE_MAX SIZE_MAX
 623 #endif /* A_SIZE_MAX */
 624 /*! static cast to \ref a_size */
 625 #define a_size_c(x) a_cast_s(A_SIZE, x)
 626 #define a_size_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_SIZE _, x)
 627 /*! unsigned integer type returned by the sizeof operator */
 628 #define a_size A_SIZE
 629
 630 #define A_F16_NNAN A_U16_C(0xFE00)
 631 #define A_F16_PNAN A_U16_C(0x7E00)
 632 #define A_F16_NINF A_U16_C(0xFC00)
 633 #define A_F16_PINF A_U16_C(0x7C00)
 634
 635 #define A_F32 float
 636 #define A_F32_C(X) A_CAST_2(X, F)
 637 #define A_F32_F(F) A_CAST_2(F, f)
 638 #define A_F32_F1(F, a) A_CAST_2(F, f)(a)
 639 #define A_F32_F2(F, a, b) A_CAST_2(F, f)(a, b)
 640 #define A_F32_F3(F, a, b, c) A_CAST_2(F, f)(a, b, c)
 641 #if defined(A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS)
 642 #define A_F32_FN(F, ...) A_CAST_2(F, f)(__VA_ARGS__)
 643 #endif /* A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
 644 #define A_F32_DIG FLT_DIG
 645 #define A_F32_EPSILON FLT_EPSILON
 646 #define A_F32_MANT_DIG FLT_MANT_DIG
 647 #define A_F32_MAX FLT_MAX
 648 #define A_F32_MAX_10_EXP FLT_MAX_10_EXP
 649 #define A_F32_MAX_EXP FLT_MAX_EXP
 650 #define A_F32_MIN FLT_MIN
 651 #define A_F32_MIN_10_EXP FLT_MIN_10_EXP
 652 #define A_F32_MIN_EXP FLT_MIN_EXP
 653 #define A_F32_INF a_cast_s(A_F32, A_F64_INF)
 654 #define A_F32_NAN (A_F32_C(0.0) * A_F32_INF)
 655 #define A_F32_NNAN A_U32_C(0xFFC00000)
 656 #define A_F32_PNAN A_U32_C(0x7FC00000)
 657 #define A_F32_NINF A_U32_C(0xFF800000)
 658 #define A_F32_PINF A_U32_C(0x7F800000)
 659 /*! format constants for the fprintf family of functions */
 660 #define A_F32_PRI(F, C) "%" F C
 661 /*! format constants for the fscanf family of functions */
 662 #define A_F32_SCN(F, C) "%" F C
 663 /*! static cast to \ref a_f32 */
 664 #define a_f32_c(x) a_cast_s(A_F32, x)
 665 #define a_f32_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_F32 _, x)
 666 /*! single precision floating point type. Matches IEEE-754 binary32 format if supported. */
 667 #define a_f32 A_F32
 668
 669 #define A_F64 double
 670 #define A_F64_C(X) X
 671 #define A_F64_F(F) F
 672 #define A_F64_F1(F, a) F(a)
 673 #define A_F64_F2(F, a, b) F(a, b)
 674 #define A_F64_F3(F, a, b, c) F(a, b, c)
 675 #if defined(A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS)
 676 #define A_F64_FN(F, ...) F(__VA_ARGS__)
 677 #endif /* A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
 678 #define A_F64_DIG DBL_DIG
 679 #define A_F64_EPSILON DBL_EPSILON
 680 #define A_F64_MANT_DIG DBL_MANT_DIG
 681 #define A_F64_MAX DBL_MAX
 682 #define A_F64_MAX_10_EXP DBL_MAX_10_EXP
 683 #define A_F64_MAX_EXP DBL_MAX_EXP
 684 #define A_F64_MIN DBL_MIN
 685 #define A_F64_MIN_10_EXP DBL_MIN_10_EXP
 686 #define A_F64_MIN_EXP DBL_MIN_EXP
 687 #define A_F64_INF (DBL_MAX * DBL_MAX)
 688 #define A_F64_NAN (A_F64_C(0.0) * A_F64_INF)
 689 #define A_F64_NNAN A_U64_C(0xFFF8000000000000)
 690 #define A_F64_PNAN A_U64_C(0x7FF8000000000000)
 691 #define A_F64_NINF A_U64_C(0xFFF0000000000000)
 692 #define A_F64_PINF A_U64_C(0x7FF0000000000000)
 693 /*! format constants for the fprintf family of functions */
 694 #define A_F64_PRI(F, C) "%" F "l" C
 695 /*! format constants for the fscanf family of functions */
 696 #define A_F64_SCN(F, C) "%" F "l" C
 697 /*! static cast to \ref a_f64 */
 698 #define a_f64_c(x) a_cast_s(A_F64, x)
 699 #define a_f64_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_F64 _, x)
 700 /*! double precision floating point type. Matches IEEE-754 binary64 format if supported. */
 701 #define a_f64 A_F64
 702
 703 /*!
 704  @addtogroup a_float floating-point number
 705  @{
 706 */
 707
 708 /*! floating-point number bytes */
 709 #if !defined A_FLOAT_TYPE
 710 #if !defined A_SIZE_FLOAT
 711 #define A_FLOAT_TYPE A_FLOAT_DOUBLE
 712 #else /* !A_SIZE_FLOAT */
 713 #define A_FLOAT_TYPE A_SIZE_FLOAT
 714 #endif /* A_SIZE_FLOAT */
 715 #endif /* A_FLOAT_TYPE */
 716 #define A_FLOAT_SINGLE 0x04
 717 #define A_FLOAT_DOUBLE 0x08
 718 #define A_FLOAT_EXTEND 0x10
 719 #if defined(A_FLOAT)
 720 #elif A_FLOAT_TYPE + 0 == A_FLOAT_SINGLE
 721
 722 /*! floating-point number stored using `float` */
 723 #define A_FLOAT float
 724 #define A_FLOAT_DIG FLT_DIG
 725 #define A_FLOAT_EPSILON FLT_EPSILON
 726 #define A_FLOAT_MANT_DIG FLT_MANT_DIG
 727 #define A_FLOAT_MAX FLT_MAX
 728 #define A_FLOAT_MAX_10_EXP FLT_MAX_10_EXP
 729 #define A_FLOAT_MAX_EXP FLT_MAX_EXP
 730 #define A_FLOAT_MIN FLT_MIN
 731 #define A_FLOAT_MIN_10_EXP FLT_MIN_10_EXP
 732 #define A_FLOAT_MIN_EXP FLT_MIN_EXP
 733
 734 /*!
 735  expands to a floating-point constant expression having the value specified by its argument and the type \ref a_float
 736 */
 737 #define A_FLOAT_C(X) A_CAST_2(X, F)
 738 /*!
 739  expands to a floating-point function expression having the value specified by its argument and the type \ref a_float
 740 */
 741 #define A_FLOAT_F(F) A_CAST_2(F, f)
 742 #define A_FLOAT_F1(F, a) A_CAST_2(F, f)(a)
 743 #define A_FLOAT_F2(F, a, b) A_CAST_2(F, f)(a, b)
 744 #define A_FLOAT_F3(F, a, b, c) A_CAST_2(F, f)(a, b, c)
 745 #if defined(A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS)
 746 #define A_FLOAT_FN(F, ...) A_CAST_2(F, f)(__VA_ARGS__)
 747 #endif /* A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
 748
 749 /*! format constants for the fprintf family of functions */
 750 #define A_FLOAT_PRI(F, C) "%" F C
 751 /*! format constants for the fscanf family of functions */
 752 #define A_FLOAT_SCN(F, C) "%" F C
 753
 754 #elif A_FLOAT_TYPE + 0 == A_FLOAT_DOUBLE
 755
 756 /*! floating-point number stored using `double` */
 757 #define A_FLOAT double
 758 #define A_FLOAT_DIG DBL_DIG
 759 #define A_FLOAT_EPSILON DBL_EPSILON
 760 #define A_FLOAT_MANT_DIG DBL_MANT_DIG
 761 #define A_FLOAT_MAX DBL_MAX
 762 #define A_FLOAT_MAX_10_EXP DBL_MAX_10_EXP
 763 #define A_FLOAT_MAX_EXP DBL_MAX_EXP
 764 #define A_FLOAT_MIN DBL_MIN
 765 #define A_FLOAT_MIN_10_EXP DBL_MIN_10_EXP
 766 #define A_FLOAT_MIN_EXP DBL_MIN_EXP
 767
 768 /*!
 769  expands to a floating-point constant expression having the value specified by its argument and the type \ref a_float
 770 */
 771 #define A_FLOAT_C(X) X
 772 /*!
 773  expands to a floating-point function expression having the value specified by its argument and the type \ref a_float
 774 */
 775 #define A_FLOAT_F(F) F
 776 #define A_FLOAT_F1(F, a) F(a)
 777 #define A_FLOAT_F2(F, a, b) F(a, b)
 778 #define A_FLOAT_F3(F, a, b, c) F(a, b, c)
 779 #if defined(A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS)
 780 #define A_FLOAT_FN(F, ...) F(__VA_ARGS__)
 781 #endif /* A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
 782
 783 /*! format constants for the fprintf family of functions */
 784 #define A_FLOAT_PRI(F, C) "%" F C
 785 /*! format constants for the fscanf family of functions */
 786 #define A_FLOAT_SCN(F, C) "%" F "l" C
 787
 788 #elif A_FLOAT_TYPE + 0 == A_FLOAT_EXTEND
 789
 790 /*! floating-point number stored using `long double` */
 791 #define A_FLOAT long double
 792 #define A_FLOAT_DIG LDBL_DIG
 793 #define A_FLOAT_EPSILON LDBL_EPSILON
 794 #define A_FLOAT_MANT_DIG LDBL_MANT_DIG
 795 #define A_FLOAT_MAX LDBL_MAX
 796 #define A_FLOAT_MAX_10_EXP LDBL_MAX_10_EXP
 797 #define A_FLOAT_MAX_EXP LDBL_MAX_EXP
 798 #define A_FLOAT_MIN LDBL_MIN
 799 #define A_FLOAT_MIN_10_EXP LDBL_MIN_10_EXP
 800 #define A_FLOAT_MIN_EXP LDBL_MIN_EXP
 801
 802 /*!
 803  expands to a floating-point constant expression having the value specified by its argument and the type \ref a_float
 804 */
 805 #define A_FLOAT_C(X) A_CAST_2(X, L)
 806 /*!
 807  expands to a floating-point function expression having the value specified by its argument and the type \ref a_float
 808 */
 809 #define A_FLOAT_F(F) A_CAST_2(F, l)
 810 #define A_FLOAT_F1(F, a) A_CAST_2(F, l)(a)
 811 #define A_FLOAT_F2(F, a, b) A_CAST_2(F, l)(a, b)
 812 #define A_FLOAT_F3(F, a, b, c) A_CAST_2(F, l)(a, b, c)
 813 #if defined(A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS)
 814 #define A_FLOAT_FN(F, ...) A_CAST_2(F, l)(__VA_ARGS__)
 815 #endif /* A_HAVE_VARIADIC_MACROS */
 816
 817 /*! format constants for the fprintf family of functions */
 818 #define A_FLOAT_PRI(F, C) "%" F "L" C
 819 /*! format constants for the fscanf family of functions */
 820 #define A_FLOAT_SCN(F, C) "%" F "L" C
 821
 822 #else /* !A_FLOAT_TYPE */
 823 #error unsupported precision
 824 #endif /* A_FLOAT_TYPE */
 825
 826 #define A_FLOAT_INF a_cast_s(A_FLOAT, A_F64_INF)
 827 #define A_FLOAT_NAN (A_FLOAT_C(0.0) * A_FLOAT_INF)
 828
 829 /*! static cast to \ref a_float */
 830 #define a_float_c(x) a_cast_s(A_FLOAT, x)
 831 #define a_float_(_, x) a_cast_s(A_FLOAT _, x)
 832 /*! compiler built-in floating-point number type */
 833 #define a_float A_FLOAT
 834
 835 /*! @} a_float */
 836
 837 typedef union a_cast
 838 {
 839     a_c8 c;
 840     a_int i;
 841     a_uint u;
 842     a_shrt ih;
 843     a_ushrt uh;
 844     a_long il;
 845     a_ulong ul;
 846 #if defined(A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE)
 847     a_llong ill;
 848     a_ullong ull;
 849 #endif /* A_HAVE_LONG_LONG_TYPE */
 850     a_i8 i8;
 851     a_u8 u8;
 852     a_i16 i16;
 853     a_u16 u16;
 854     a_i32 i32;
 855     a_u32 u32;
 856     a_i64 i64;
 857     a_u64 u64;
 858     a_f32 f32;
 859     a_f64 f64;
 860     a_imax imax;
 861     a_umax umax;
 862     a_iptr iptr;
 863     a_uptr uptr;
 864     a_diff diff;
 865     a_size size;
 866     void const *PTR;
 867     void *ptr;
 868     char const *STR;
 869     char *str;
 870 #if defined(A_FLOAT_TYPE) && (A_FLOAT_TYPE + 0 < A_FLOAT_EXTEND)
 871     a_float f;
 872 #endif /* A_FLOAT_TYPE */
 873 } a_cast;
 874
 875 /*!
 876  @brief square of x, \f$ x^2 \f$
 877 */
 878 #define A_SQ(x) ((x) * (x))
 879
 880 /*!
 881  @brief absolute value of x, \f$ |x| \f$
 882 */
 883 #define A_ABS(x) ((x) < 0 ? -(x) : (x))
 884
 885 /*!
 886  @brief minimum value between x and y
 887 */
 888 #define A_MIN(x, y) (((x) < (y)) ? (x) : (y))
 889
 890 /*!
 891  @brief maximum value between x and y
 892 */
 893 #define A_MAX(x, y) (((x) > (y)) ? (x) : (y))
 894
 895 /*!
 896  @brief signum function, \f$ \texttt{sgn}{x}=\begin{cases}+1&x>0\\0&0\\-1&x<0\end{cases} \f$
 897 */
 898 #define A_SGN(x) ((0 < (x)) - ((x) < 0))
 899
 900 /*!
 901  @brief saturation value of x, \f$ \texttt{sat}(x,min,max)=\begin{cases}min&min>x\\max&x>max\\x&else\end{cases} \f$
 902 */
 903 #define A_SAT(x, min, max) ((min) < (x) ? (x) < (max) ? (x) : (max) : (min))
 904
 905 /*!
 906  @brief number of elements in a visible array
 907  @param a must be a visible array
 908 */
 909 #define A_LEN(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(*(a)))
 910
 911 /*!
 912  @brief offset of a structure member
 913  @param type structure type
 914  @param member member variable
 915 */
 916 #if defined(offsetof)
 917 #define a_offsetof(type, member) offsetof(type, member)
 918 #else /* !offsetof */
 919 #define a_offsetof(type, member) a_cast_r(a_size, &a_cast_r(type *, 0)->member)
 920 #endif /* offsetof */
 921
 922 /*!
 923  @brief container of a structure member
 924  @param ptr pointer to a member variable
 925  @param type structure type
 926  @param member member variable
 927 */
 928 #define a_container_of(ptr, type, member) a_cast_r(type *, a_cast_r(a_uptr, ptr) - a_offsetof(type, member))
 929
 930 /*!
 931  @brief round down size `n` to be a multiple of `a`
 932 */
 933 #define a_size_down(a, n) (a_cast_s(a_size, n) & ~a_cast_s(a_size, (a) - 1))
 934
 935 /*!
 936  @brief round up size `n` to be a multiple of `a`
 937 */
 938 #define a_size_up(a, n) ((a_cast_s(a_size, n) + (a) - 1) & ~a_cast_s(a_size, (a) - 1))
 939
 940 /*!
 941  @brief round pointer `p` down to the closest `a`, aligned address <= `p`
 942 */
 943 #define a_align_down(a, p) a_cast_r(void *, a_cast_r(a_uptr, p) & ~a_cast_s(a_uptr, (a) - 1))
 944
 945 /*!
 946  @brief round pointer `p` up to the closest `a`, aligned address >= `p`
 947 */
 948 #define a_align_up(a, p) a_cast_r(void *, (a_cast_r(a_uptr, p) + (a) - 1) & ~a_cast_s(a_uptr, (a) - 1))
 949
 950 /*!
 951  @brief iterate from 0 to n and not include n
 952  @param I index type of the iteration
 953  @param i index variable of the iteration
 954  @param n final value of the iteration
 955 */
 956 #define a_forenum(I, i, n) for (I i = 0; i < (n); ++i)
 957
 958 /*!
 959  @brief iterate from n to 0 and not include n
 960  @param I index type of the iteration
 961  @param i index variable of the iteration
 962  @param n final value of the iteration
 963 */
 964 #define a_forenum_reverse(I, i, n) for (I i = (n); i-- > 0;)
 965
 966 /*!
 967  @brief iterate over an array
 968  @param T the prefix of the element type
 969  @param P the suffix of the element type
 970  @param it pointer to the current element
 971  @param ptr starting address of this array
 972  @param num number of elements in this array
 973 */
 974 #define a_foreach(T, P, it, ptr, num) \
 975     for (T P it = a_cast_s(T P, ptr), P it##_ = it + (num); it < it##_; ++it)
 976 /*! @copydoc a_foreach */
 977 #define a_forsafe(T, P, it, ptr, num) \
 978     for (T P it = a_cast_s(T P, ptr), P it##_ = (num) ? it + (num) : it; it < it##_; ++it)
 979
 980 /*!
 981  @brief iterate over an array in reverse
 982  @param T the prefix of the element type
 983  @param P the suffix of the element type
 984  @param it pointer to the current element
 985  @param ptr starting address of this array
 986  @param num number of elements in this array
 987 */
 988 #define a_foreach_reverse(T, P, it, ptr, num) \
 989     for (T P it##_ = a_cast_s(T P, ptr) - 1, P it = it##_ + (num); it > it##_; --it)
 990 /*! @copydoc a_foreach_reverse */
 991 #define a_forsafe_reverse(T, P, it, ptr, num)                             \
 992     for (T P it##_ = (num) ? a_cast_s(T P, ptr) - 1 : a_cast_s(T P, ptr), \
 993              P it = (num) ? it##_ + (num) : it##_;                        \
 994          it > it##_; --it)
 995
 996 /*!
 997  @brief iterate over an array
 998  @param T the prefix of the element type
 999  @param P the suffix of the element type
1000  @param it pointer to the current element
1001  @param ptr starting address of this array
1002  @param end the end address of this array
1003 */
1004 #define a_iterate(T, P, it, ptr, end) \
1005     for (T P it = a_cast_s(T P, ptr), P it##_ = a_cast_s(T P, end); it < it##_; ++it)
1006
1007 /*!
1008  @brief iterate over an array in reverse
1009  @param T the prefix of the element type
1010  @param P the suffix of the element type
1011  @param it pointer to the current element
1012  @param ptr starting address of this array
1013  @param end the end address of this array
1014 */
1015 #define a_iterate_reverse(T, P, it, ptr, end) \
1016     for (T P it = a_cast_s(T P, end) - 1, P it##_ = a_cast_s(T P, ptr) - 1; it > it##_; --it)
1017
1018 /*!
1019  @brief enumeration for return values
1020 */
1021 enum
1022 {
1023     A_SUCCESS /*!< return success */,
1024     A_FAILURE /*!< return failure */,
1025     A_INVALID /*!< return invalid */
1026 };
1027
1028 #if defined(__cplusplus)
1029 extern "C" {
1030 #endif /* __cplusplus */
1031 #if defined(LIBA_A_C)
1032 #undef A_INTERN
1033 #define A_INTERN A_INLINE
1034 #endif /* LIBA_A_C */
1035
1036 /*!
1037  @brief reverse the bits in an 8-bit unsigned integer
1038  @param x an 8-bit unsigned integer to be reversed
1039  @return reversed 8-bit unsigned integer
1040 */
1041 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1042 A_EXTERN a_u8 a_u8_rev(a_u8 x);
1043 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1044 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1045 A_INTERN a_u8 a_u8_rev(a_u8 x)
1046 {
1047     x = a_cast_s(a_u8, (x >> 4) | (x << 4));
1048     x = a_cast_s(a_u8, ((x & 0xCC) >> 2) | ((x & 0x33) << 2));
1049     x = a_cast_s(a_u8, ((x & 0xAA) >> 1) | ((x & 0x55) << 1));
1050     return x;
1051 }
1052 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1053
1054 /*!
1055  @brief reverse the bits in a 16-bit unsigned integer
1056  @param x a 16-bit unsigned integer to be reversed
1057  @return reversed 16-bit unsigned integer
1058 */
1059 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1060 A_EXTERN a_u16 a_u16_rev(a_u16 x);
1061 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1062 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1063 A_INTERN a_u16 a_u16_rev(a_u16 x)
1064 {
1065     x = a_cast_s(a_u16, (x >> 8) | (x << 8));
1066     x = a_cast_s(a_u16, ((x & 0xF0F0) >> 4) | ((x & 0x0F0F) << 4));
1067     x = a_cast_s(a_u16, ((x & 0xCCCC) >> 2) | ((x & 0x3333) << 2));
1068     x = a_cast_s(a_u16, ((x & 0xAAAA) >> 1) | ((x & 0x5555) << 1));
1069     return x;
1070 }
1071 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1072 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1073 A_EXTERN a_u16 a_u16_getl(void const *b);
1074 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1075 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1076 A_INTERN a_u16 a_u16_getl(void const *b)
1077 {
1078     a_byte const *p = a_cast_s(a_byte const *, b);
1079     return a_cast_s(a_u16, (p[0] << 0) | (p[1] << 8));
1080 }
1081 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1082 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1083 A_EXTERN a_u16 a_u16_getb(void const *b);
1084 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1085 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1086 A_INTERN a_u16 a_u16_getb(void const *b)
1087 {
1088     a_byte const *p = a_cast_s(a_byte const *, b);
1089     return a_cast_s(a_u16, (p[1] << 0) | (p[0] << 8));
1090 }
1091 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1092 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1093 A_EXTERN void a_u16_setl(void *b, a_u16 x);
1094 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1095 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1096 A_INTERN void a_u16_setl(void *b, a_u16 x)
1097 {
1098     a_byte *p = a_cast_s(a_byte *, b);
1099     p[0] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0);
1100     p[1] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 8);
1101 }
1102 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1103 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1104 A_EXTERN void a_u16_setb(void *b, a_u16 x);
1105 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1106 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1107 A_INTERN void a_u16_setb(void *b, a_u16 x)
1108 {
1109     a_byte *p = a_cast_s(a_byte *, b);
1110     p[0] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 8);
1111     p[1] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0);
1112 }
1113 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1114
1115 /*!
1116  @brief reverse the bits in a 32-bit unsigned integer
1117  @param x a 32-bit unsigned integer to be reversed
1118  @return reversed 32-bit unsigned integer
1119 */
1120 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1121 A_EXTERN a_u32 a_u32_rev(a_u32 x);
1122 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1123 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1124 A_INTERN a_u32 a_u32_rev(a_u32 x)
1125 {
1126     x = (x >> 16) | (x << 16);
1127     x = ((x & 0xFF00FF00) >> 8) | ((x & 0x00FF00FF) << 8);
1128     x = ((x & 0xF0F0F0F0) >> 4) | ((x & 0x0F0F0F0F) << 4);
1129     x = ((x & 0xCCCCCCCC) >> 2) | ((x & 0x33333333) << 2);
1130     x = ((x & 0xAAAAAAAA) >> 1) | ((x & 0x55555555) << 1);
1131     return x;
1132 }
1133 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1134 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1135 A_EXTERN a_u32 a_u32_getl(void const *b);
1136 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1137 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1138 A_INTERN a_u32 a_u32_getl(void const *b)
1139 {
1140     a_byte const *p = a_cast_s(a_byte const *, b);
1141     return (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[0]) << 0x00) |
1142            (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[1]) << 0x08) |
1143            (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[2]) << 0x10) |
1144            (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[3]) << 0x18);
1145 }
1146 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1147 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1148 A_EXTERN a_u32 a_u32_getb(void const *b);
1149 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1150 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1151 A_INTERN a_u32 a_u32_getb(void const *b)
1152 {
1153     a_byte const *p = a_cast_s(a_byte const *, b);
1154     return (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[0]) << 0x18) |
1155            (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[1]) << 0x10) |
1156            (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[2]) << 0x08) |
1157            (a_cast_s(a_u32, p[3]) << 0x00);
1158 }
1159 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1160 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1161 A_EXTERN void a_u32_setl(void *b, a_u32 x);
1162 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1163 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1164 A_INTERN void a_u32_setl(void *b, a_u32 x)
1165 {
1166     a_byte *p = a_cast_s(a_byte *, b);
1167     p[0] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x00);
1168     p[1] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x08);
1169     p[2] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x10);
1170     p[3] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x18);
1171 }
1172 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1173 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1174 A_EXTERN void a_u32_setb(void *b, a_u32 x);
1175 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1176 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1177 A_INTERN void a_u32_setb(void *b, a_u32 x)
1178 {
1179     a_byte *p = a_cast_s(a_byte *, b);
1180     p[0] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x18);
1181     p[1] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x10);
1182     p[2] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x08);
1183     p[3] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x00);
1184 }
1185 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1186
1187 /*!
1188  @brief reverse the bits in a 64-bit unsigned integer
1189  @param x a 64-bit unsigned integer to be reversed
1190  @return reversed 64-bit unsigned integer
1191 */
1192 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1193 A_EXTERN a_u64 a_u64_rev(a_u64 x);
1194 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1195 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1196 A_INTERN a_u64 a_u64_rev(a_u64 x)
1197 {
1198     x = (x >> 32) | (x << 32);
1199     x = ((x & 0xFFFF0000FFFF0000) >> 0x10) | ((x & 0x0000FFFF0000FFFF) << 0x10);
1200     x = ((x & 0xFF00FF00FF00FF00) >> 0x08) | ((x & 0x00FF00FF00FF00FF) << 0x08);
1201     x = ((x & 0xF0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0) >> 0x04) | ((x & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0F) << 0x04);
1202     x = ((x & 0xCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC) >> 0x02) | ((x & 0x3333333333333333) << 0x02);
1203     x = ((x & 0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA) >> 0x01) | ((x & 0x5555555555555555) << 0x01);
1204     return x;
1205 }
1206 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1207 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1208 A_EXTERN a_u64 a_u64_getl(void const *b);
1209 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1210 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1211 A_INTERN a_u64 a_u64_getl(void const *b)
1212 {
1213     a_byte const *p = a_cast_s(a_byte const *, b);
1214     return (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[0]) << 0x00) |
1215            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[1]) << 0x08) |
1216            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[2]) << 0x10) |
1217            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[3]) << 0x18) |
1218            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[4]) << 0x20) |
1219            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[5]) << 0x28) |
1220            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[6]) << 0x30) |
1221            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[7]) << 0x38);
1222 }
1223 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1224 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1225 A_EXTERN a_u64 a_u64_getb(void const *b);
1226 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1227 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1228 A_INTERN a_u64 a_u64_getb(void const *b)
1229 {
1230     a_byte const *p = a_cast_s(a_byte const *, b);
1231     return (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[0]) << 0x38) |
1232            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[1]) << 0x30) |
1233            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[2]) << 0x28) |
1234            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[3]) << 0x20) |
1235            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[4]) << 0x18) |
1236            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[5]) << 0x10) |
1237            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[6]) << 0x08) |
1238            (a_cast_s(a_u64, p[7]) << 0x00);
1239 }
1240 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1241 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1242 A_EXTERN void a_u64_setl(void *b, a_u64 x);
1243 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1244 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1245 A_INTERN void a_u64_setl(void *b, a_u64 x)
1246 {
1247     a_byte *p = a_cast_s(a_byte *, b);
1248     p[0] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x00);
1249     p[1] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x08);
1250     p[2] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x10);
1251     p[3] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x18);
1252     p[4] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x20);
1253     p[5] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x28);
1254     p[6] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x30);
1255     p[7] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x38);
1256 }
1257 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1258 #if !defined A_HAVE_INLINE || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1259 A_EXTERN void a_u64_setb(void *b, a_u64 x);
1260 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1261 #if defined(A_HAVE_INLINE) || defined(LIBA_A_C)
1262 A_INTERN void a_u64_setb(void *b, a_u64 x)
1263 {
1264     a_byte *p = a_cast_s(a_byte *, b);
1265     p[0] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x38);
1266     p[1] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x30);
1267     p[2] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x28);
1268     p[3] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x20);
1269     p[4] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x18);
1270     p[5] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x10);
1271     p[6] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x08);
1272     p[7] = a_cast_s(a_byte, x >> 0x00);
1273 }
1274 #endif /* A_HAVE_INLINE */
1275
1276 /*!
1277  @brief copy one buffer to another
1278  @param[in] dst pointer to the object to copy to
1279  @param[in] src pointer to the object to copy from
1280  @param[in] siz number of bytes to copy
1281  @return a copy of dest
1282 */
1283 A_EXTERN void *a_copy(void *__restrict dst, void const *__restrict src, a_size siz);
1284
1285 /*!
1286  @brief move one buffer to another
1287  @param[in] dst pointer to the object to copy to
1288  @param[in] src pointer to the object to copy from
1289  @param[in] siz number of bytes to copy
1290  @return a copy of dest
1291 */
1292 A_EXTERN void *a_move(void *dst, void const *src, a_size siz);
1293
1294 /*!
1295  @brief fill a buffer with a character
1296  @param[in] ptr pointer to the object to fill
1297  @param[in] siz number of bytes to fill
1298  @param[in] val fill byte
1299  @return a copy of dest
1300 */
1301 A_EXTERN void *a_fill(void *ptr, a_size siz, int val);
1302
1303 /*!
1304  @brief fill a buffer with zero
1305  @param[in] ptr pointer to the object to fill
1306  @param[in] siz number of bytes to fill
1307  @return a copy of dest
1308 */
1309 A_EXTERN void *a_zero(void *ptr, a_size siz);
1310
1311 /*!
1312  @brief swap two different memory blocks of the same size
1313  @param[in] siz the size of memory block being swapped
1314  @param[in,out] lhs points to memory block on the left
1315  @param[in,out] rhs points to memory block on the right
1316 */
1317 A_EXTERN void a_swap(void *lhs, void *rhs, a_size siz);
1318
1319 /*!
1320  @brief a hash function whose prime number is 131
1321  @param[in] str string to be processed
1322  @param[in] val initial value
1323  @return hash value
1324 */
1325 A_EXTERN a_u32 a_hash_bkdr(void const *str, a_u32 val);
1326
1327 /*!
1328  @brief a hash function whose prime number is 131
1329  @param[in] ptr points to string to be processed
1330  @param[in] siz length of string to be processed
1331  @param[in] val initial value
1332  @return hash value
1333 */
1334 A_EXTERN a_u32 a_hash_bkdr_(void const *ptr, a_size siz, a_u32 val);
1335
1336 /*!
1337  @brief a hash function whose prime number is 65599
1338  @param[in] str string to be processed
1339  @param[in] val initial value
1340  @return hash value
1341 */
1342 A_EXTERN a_u32 a_hash_sdbm(void const *str, a_u32 val);
1343
1344 /*!
1345  @brief a hash function whose prime number is 65599
1346  @param[in] ptr points to string to be processed
1347  @param[in] siz length of string to be processed
1348  @param[in] val initial value
1349  @return hash value
1350 */
1351 A_EXTERN a_u32 a_hash_sdbm_(void const *ptr, a_size siz, a_u32 val);
1352
1353 /*!
1354  @brief roll back the elements of a float array and save the cache array
1355  @param[in] block_p points to a float array
1356  @param[in] block_n number of a float array
1357  @param[in] cache_p points to a cache array
1358  @param[in] cache_n number of a cache array
1359 */
1360 A_EXTERN void a_float_push(a_float *block_p, a_size block_n,
1361                            a_float const *cache_p, a_size cache_n);
1362
1363 /*!
1364  @brief roll back the elements of a float array circularly, array>>shift
1365  @param[in] block_p points to a float array
1366  @param[in] block_n number of a float array
1367  @param[in] shift_p points to a shift array
1368  @param[in] shift_n number of a shift array
1369 */
1370 A_EXTERN void a_float_roll(a_float *block_p, a_size block_n,
1371                            a_float *shift_p, a_size shift_n);
1372
1373 /*!
1374  @brief allocation function pointer
1375  @param[in] addr address of memory block
1376  @param[in] size new size of memory block
1377  @return new address of memory block or null
1378 */
1379 A_EXTERN void *(*a_alloc)(void *addr, a_size size);
1380
1381 /*!
1382  @brief default allocation function
1383  @param[in] addr address of memory block
1384  @param[in] size new size of memory block
1385  @return new address of memory block or null
1386 */
1387 A_EXTERN void *a_alloc_(void *addr, a_size size);
1388
1389 #if defined(LIBA_A_C)
1390 #undef A_INTERN
1391 #define A_INTERN static A_INLINE
1392 #endif /* LIBA_A_C */
1393 #if defined(__cplusplus)
1394 } /* extern "C" */
1395 #endif /* __cplusplus */
1396
1397 /*! @brief declare allocation function */
1398 #define A_ALLOC(alloc, addr, size) void *alloc(void *addr, a_size size)
1399 #define a_new(T, ptr, num) a_cast_s(T *, a_alloc(ptr, sizeof(T) * (num)))
1400 #define a_die(ptr) a_alloc(ptr, 0)
1401
1402 /*! @} liba */
1403
1404 #endif /* a/a.h */