4 These are generic installation instructions.
6 The ‘configure’ shell script attempts to guess correct values for
7 various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
8 those values to create a ‘Makefile’ in each directory of the package.
9 It may also create one or more ‘.h’ files containing system-dependent
10 definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script ‘config.status’ that
11 you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a file
12 ‘config.cache’ that saves the results of its tests to speed up
13 reconfiguring, and a file ‘config.log’ containing compiler output
14 (useful mainly for debugging ‘configure’).
16 If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
17 to figure out how ‘configure’ could check whether to do them, and mail
18 diffs or instructions to the address given in the ‘README’ so they can
19 be considered for the next release. If at some point ‘config.cache’
20 contains results you don't want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
22 The file ‘configure.ac’ is used to create ‘configure’ by a program
23 called ‘autoconf’. You only need ‘configure.ac’ if you want to change
24 it or regenerate ‘configure’ using a newer version of ‘autoconf’.
26 The simplest way to compile this package is:
28 1. ‘cd’ to the directory containing the package's source code and type
29 ‘./configure’ to configure the package for your system. If you're
30 using ‘csh’ on an old version of System V, you might need to type
31 ‘sh ./configure’ instead to prevent ‘csh’ from trying to execute
34 Running ‘configure’ takes awhile. While running, it prints some
35 messages telling which features it is checking for.
37 2. Type ‘make’ to compile the package.
39 3. Optionally, type ‘make check’ to run any self-tests that come with
42 4. Type ‘make install’ to install the programs and any data files and
45 5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
46 source code directory by typing ‘make clean’. To also remove the
47 files that ‘configure’ created (so you can compile the package for
48 a different kind of computer), type ‘make distclean’. There is
49 also a ‘make maintainer-clean’ target, but that is intended mainly
50 for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get
51 all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came
52 with the distribution.
57 Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
58 the ‘configure’ script does not know about. You can give ‘configure’
59 initial values for variables by setting them in the environment. Using
60 a Bourne-compatible shell, you can do that on the command line like
62 CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure
64 Or on systems that have the ‘env’ program, you can do it like this:
65 env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure
67 Compiling For Multiple Architectures
68 ====================================
70 You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
71 same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
72 own directory. To do this, you must use a version of ‘make’ that
73 supports the ‘VPATH’ variable, such as GNU ‘make’. ‘cd’ to the
74 directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
75 the ‘configure’ script. ‘configure’ automatically checks for the
76 source code in the directory that ‘configure’ is in and in ‘..’.
78 If you have to use a ‘make’ that does not supports the ‘VPATH’
79 variable, you have to compile the package for one architecture at a time
80 in the source code directory. After you have installed the package for
81 one architecture, use ‘make distclean’ before reconfiguring for another
84 On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and
85 executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or
86 "universal" binaries--by specifying multiple '-arch' options to the
87 compiler but only a single '-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like
90 ./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
91 CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
92 CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E"
94 This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases. You
95 may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results
96 using the 'lipo' tool if you have problems.
101 By default, ‘make install’ will install the package's files in
102 ‘/usr/local/bin’, ‘/usr/local/man’, etc. You can specify an
103 installation prefix other than ‘/usr/local’ by giving ‘configure’ the
104 option ‘--prefix=PATH’.
106 You can specify separate installation prefixes for
107 architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
108 give ‘configure’ the option ‘--exec-prefix=PATH’, the package will use
109 PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
110 Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.
112 In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
113 options like ‘--bindir=PATH’ to specify different values for particular
114 kinds of files. Run ‘configure --help’ for a list of the directories
115 you can set and what kinds of files go in them.
117 If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
118 with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving ‘configure’ the
119 option ‘--program-prefix=PREFIX’ or ‘--program-suffix=SUFFIX’.
121 Relocatable Installation
122 ========================
124 By default, ‘make install’ will install a package with hardwired
125 file names, and the package will not work correctly when copied or
126 moved to a different location in the filesystem.
128 Some packages pay attention to the ‘--enable-relocatable’ option to
129 ‘configure’. This option makes the entire installed package
130 relocatable. This means, it can be moved or copied to a different
131 location on the filesystem. It is possible to make symlinks to the
132 installed and moved programs, and invoke them through the symlink. It
133 is possible to do the same thing with a hard link _only_ if the hard
134 linked file is in the same directory as the real program.
136 For reliability it is best to give together with --enable-relocatable
137 a ‘--prefix’ option pointing to an otherwise unused (and never used
138 again) directory, for example, ‘--prefix=/tmp/inst$$’. This is
139 recommended because on some OSes the executables remember the location
140 of shared libraries (and prefer them over LD_LIBRARY_PATH !), therefore
141 such an executable will look for its shared libraries first in the
142 original installation directory and only then in the current
143 installation directory.
145 Installation with ‘--enable-relocatable’ will not work for setuid /
146 setgid executables. (This is because such an executable kills its
147 LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable when it is launched.)
149 The runtime penalty and size penalty are nearly zero on Linux 2.2 or
150 newer (just one system call more when an executable is launched), and
151 small on other systems (the wrapper program just sets an environment
152 variable and execs the real program).
157 Some packages pay attention to ‘--enable-FEATURE’ options to
158 ‘configure’, where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
159 They may also pay attention to ‘--with-PACKAGE’ options, where PACKAGE
160 is something like ‘gnu-as’ or ‘x’ (for the X Window System). The
161 ‘README’ should mention any ‘--enable-’ and ‘--with-’ options that the
164 For packages that use the X Window System, ‘configure’ can usually
165 find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
166 you can use the ‘configure’ options ‘--x-includes=DIR’ and
167 ‘--x-libraries=DIR’ to specify their locations.
169 For packages that use the GNU libiconv library, you can use the
170 ‘configure’ option ‘--with-libiconv-prefix’ to specify the prefix you
171 used while installing GNU libiconv. This option is not necessary if
172 that other prefix is the same as the one now specified through --prefix.
174 For packages that use the GNU libintl library, you can use the
175 ‘configure’ option ‘--with-libintl-prefix’ to specify the prefix you
176 used while installing GNU gettext-runtime. This option is not necessary if
177 that other prefix is the same as the one now specified through --prefix.
182 On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU CC
183 is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in order
184 to use an ANSI C compiler:
186 ./configure CC="cc -Ae -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500"
188 and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX.
190 On AIX 3, the C include files by default don't define some necessary
191 prototype declarations. If GNU CC is not installed, it is recommended to
192 use the following options:
194 ./configure CC="xlc -D_ALL_SOURCE"
196 On BeOS, user installed software goes in /boot/home/config, not
197 /usr/local. It is recommended to use the following options:
199 ./configure --prefix=/boot/home/config
201 Specifying the System Type
202 ==========================
204 There may be some features ‘configure’ can not figure out
205 automatically, but needs to determine by the type of host the package
206 will run on. Usually ‘configure’ can figure that out, but if it prints
207 a message saying it can not guess the host type, give it the
208 ‘--host=TYPE’ option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
209 type, such as ‘sun4’, or a canonical name with three fields:
212 See the file ‘config.sub’ for the possible values of each field. If
213 ‘config.sub’ isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
214 need to know the host type.
216 If you are building compiler tools for cross-compiling, you can also
217 use the ‘--target=TYPE’ option to select the type of system they will
218 produce code for and the ‘--build=TYPE’ option to select the type of
219 system on which you are compiling the package.
224 If you want to set default values for ‘configure’ scripts to share,
225 you can create a site shell script called ‘config.site’ that gives
226 default values for variables like ‘CC’, ‘cache_file’, and ‘prefix’.
227 ‘configure’ looks for ‘PREFIX/share/config.site’ if it exists, then
228 ‘PREFIX/etc/config.site’ if it exists. Or, you can set the
229 ‘CONFIG_SITE’ environment variable to the location of the site script.
230 A warning: not all ‘configure’ scripts look for a site script.
235 ‘configure’ recognizes the following options to control how it
239 Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of
240 ‘./config.cache’. Set FILE to ‘/dev/null’ to disable caching, for
241 debugging ‘configure’.
244 Print a summary of the options to ‘configure’, and exit.
249 Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To
250 suppress all normal output, redirect it to ‘/dev/null’ (any error
251 messages will still be shown).
254 Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
255 ‘configure’ can determine that directory automatically.
258 Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the ‘configure’
261 ‘configure’ also accepts some other, not widely useful, options.