2 ET61X[12]51 PC Camera Controllers
4 =================================
14 4. Overview and features
15 5. Module dependencies
18 8. Optional device control through "sysfs"
20 10. Notes for V4L2 application developers
21 11. Contact information
26 Copyright (C) 2006 by Luca Risolia <luca.risolia@studio.unibo.it>
31 Etoms is a trademark of Etoms Electronics Corp.
32 This software is not developed or sponsored by Etoms Electronics.
37 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
38 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
39 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
40 (at your option) any later version.
42 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
43 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
44 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
45 GNU General Public License for more details.
47 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
48 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
49 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
52 4. Overview and features
53 ========================
54 This driver supports the video interface of the devices mounting the ET61X151
55 or ET61X251 PC Camera Controllers.
57 It's worth to note that Etoms Electronics has never collaborated with the
58 author during the development of this project; despite several requests,
59 Etoms Electronics also refused to release enough detailed specifications of
60 the video compression engine.
62 The driver relies on the Video4Linux2 and USB core modules. It has been
63 designed to run properly on SMP systems as well.
65 The latest version of the ET61X[12]51 driver can be found at the following URL:
66 http://www.linux-projects.org/
68 Some of the features of the driver are:
70 - full compliance with the Video4Linux2 API (see also "Notes for V4L2
71 application developers" paragraph);
72 - available mmap or read/poll methods for video streaming through isochronous
74 - automatic detection of image sensor;
75 - support for any window resolutions and optional panning within the maximum
76 pixel area of image sensor;
77 - image downscaling with arbitrary scaling factors from 1 and 2 in both
78 directions (see "Notes for V4L2 application developers" paragraph);
79 - two different video formats for uncompressed or compressed data in low or
80 high compression quality (see also "Notes for V4L2 application developers"
82 - full support for the capabilities of every possible image sensors that can
83 be connected to the ET61X[12]51 bridges, including, for instance, red, green,
84 blue and global gain adjustments and exposure control (see "Supported
85 devices" paragraph for details);
86 - use of default color settings for sunlight conditions;
87 - dynamic I/O interface for both ET61X[12]51 and image sensor control (see
88 "Optional device control through 'sysfs'" paragraph);
89 - dynamic driver control thanks to various module parameters (see "Module
90 parameters" paragraph);
91 - up to 64 cameras can be handled at the same time; they can be connected and
92 disconnected from the host many times without turning off the computer, if
93 the system supports hotplugging;
97 5. Module dependencies
98 ======================
99 For it to work properly, the driver needs kernel support for Video4Linux and
102 The following options of the kernel configuration file must be enabled and
103 corresponding modules must be compiled:
109 To enable advanced debugging functionality on the device through /sysfs:
113 CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG=y
119 In addition, depending on the hardware being used, the modules below are
122 # USB Host Controller Drivers
124 CONFIG_USB_EHCI_HCD=m
125 CONFIG_USB_UHCI_HCD=m
126 CONFIG_USB_OHCI_HCD=m
130 # USB Multimedia devices
132 CONFIG_USB_ET61X251=m
137 To use the driver, it is necessary to load the "et61x251" module into memory
138 after every other module required: "videodev", "usbcore" and, depending on
139 the USB host controller you have, "ehci-hcd", "uhci-hcd" or "ohci-hcd".
141 Loading can be done as shown below:
143 [root@localhost home]# modprobe et61x251
145 At this point the devices should be recognized. You can invoke "dmesg" to
146 analyze kernel messages and verify that the loading process has gone well:
148 [user@localhost home]$ dmesg
153 Module parameters are listed below:
154 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
156 Type: short array (min = 0, max = 64)
158 Description: Specify V4L2 minor mode number:
159 -1 = use next available
160 n = use minor number n
161 You can specify up to 64 cameras this way.
163 video_nr=-1,2,-1 would assign minor number 2 to the second
164 registered camera and use auto for the first one and for every
167 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
169 Type: bool array (min = 0, max = 64)
171 Description: Force the application to unmap previously mapped buffer memory
172 before calling any VIDIOC_S_CROP or VIDIOC_S_FMT ioctl's. Not
173 all the applications support this feature. This parameter is
174 specific for each detected camera.
175 0 = do not force memory unmapping
176 1 = force memory unmapping (save memory)
178 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
180 Type: uint array (min = 0, max = 64)
182 Description: Timeout for a video frame in seconds. This parameter is
183 specific for each detected camera. This parameter can be
184 changed at runtime thanks to the /sys filesystem interface.
186 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
190 Description: Debugging information level, from 0 to 3:
191 0 = none (use carefully)
193 2 = significant informations
194 3 = more verbose messages
195 Level 3 is useful for testing only, when only one device
196 is used at the same time. It also shows some more informations
197 about the hardware being detected. This module parameter can be
198 changed at runtime thanks to the /sys filesystem interface.
200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
203 8. Optional device control through "sysfs"
204 ==========================================
205 If the kernel has been compiled with the CONFIG_VIDEO_ADV_DEBUG option enabled,
206 it is possible to read and write both the ET61X[12]51 and the image sensor
207 registers by using the "sysfs" filesystem interface.
209 There are four files in the /sys/class/video4linux/videoX directory for each
210 registered camera: "reg", "val", "i2c_reg" and "i2c_val". The first two files
211 control the ET61X[12]51 bridge, while the other two control the sensor chip.
212 "reg" and "i2c_reg" hold the values of the current register index where the
213 following reading/writing operations are addressed at through "val" and
214 "i2c_val". Their use is not intended for end-users, unless you know what you
215 are doing. Remember that you must be logged in as root before writing to them.
217 As an example, suppose we were to want to read the value contained in the
218 register number 1 of the sensor register table - which is usually the product
219 identifier - of the camera registered as "/dev/video0":
221 [root@localhost #] cd /sys/class/video4linux/video0
222 [root@localhost #] echo 1 > i2c_reg
223 [root@localhost #] cat i2c_val
225 Note that if the sensor registers cannot be read, "cat" will fail.
226 To avoid race conditions, all the I/O accesses to the files are serialized.
231 None of the names of the companies as well as their products will be mentioned
232 here. They have never collaborated with the author, so no advertising.
234 From the point of view of a driver, what unambiguously identify a device are
235 its vendor and product USB identifiers. Below is a list of known identifiers of
236 devices mounting the ET61X[12]51 PC camera controllers:
266 The following image sensors are supported:
270 TAS5130D1B Taiwan Advanced Sensor Corporation
272 All the available control settings of each image sensor are supported through
276 10. Notes for V4L2 application developers
277 =========================================
278 This driver follows the V4L2 API specifications. In particular, it enforces two
281 - exactly one I/O method, either "mmap" or "read", is associated with each
282 file descriptor. Once it is selected, the application must close and reopen the
283 device to switch to the other I/O method;
285 - although it is not mandatory, previously mapped buffer memory should always
286 be unmapped before calling any "VIDIOC_S_CROP" or "VIDIOC_S_FMT" ioctl's.
287 The same number of buffers as before will be allocated again to match the size
288 of the new video frames, so you have to map the buffers again before any I/O
291 Consistently with the hardware limits, this driver also supports image
292 downscaling with arbitrary scaling factors from 1 and 2 in both directions.
293 However, the V4L2 API specifications don't correctly define how the scaling
294 factor can be chosen arbitrarily by the "negotiation" of the "source" and
295 "target" rectangles. To work around this flaw, we have added the convention
296 that, during the negotiation, whenever the "VIDIOC_S_CROP" ioctl is issued, the
297 scaling factor is restored to 1.
299 This driver supports two different video formats: the first one is the "8-bit
300 Sequential Bayer" format and can be used to obtain uncompressed video data
301 from the device through the current I/O method, while the second one provides
302 "raw" compressed video data (without frame headers not related to the
303 compressed data). The current compression quality may vary from 0 to 1 and can
304 be selected or queried thanks to the VIDIOC_S_JPEGCOMP and VIDIOC_G_JPEGCOMP
308 11. Contact information
309 =======================
310 The author may be contacted by e-mail at <luca.risolia@studio.unibo.it>.
312 GPG/PGP encrypted e-mail's are accepted. The GPG key ID of the author is
313 'FCE635A4'; the public 1024-bit key should be available at any keyserver;
314 the fingerprint is: '88E8 F32F 7244 68BA 3958 5D40 99DA 5D2A FCE6 35A4'.