5 cgroup subsys "blkio" implements the block io controller. There seems to be
6 a need of various kinds of IO control policies (like proportional BW, max BW)
7 both at leaf nodes as well as at intermediate nodes in a storage hierarchy.
8 Plan is to use the same cgroup based management interface for blkio controller
9 and based on user options switch IO policies in the background.
11 In the first phase, this patchset implements proportional weight time based
12 division of disk policy. It is implemented in CFQ. Hence this policy takes
13 effect only on leaf nodes when CFQ is being used.
17 You can do a very simple testing of running two dd threads in two different
18 cgroups. Here is what you can do.
20 - Enable group scheduling in CFQ
21 CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED=y
23 - Compile and boot into kernel and mount IO controller (blkio).
25 mount -t cgroup -o blkio none /cgroup
28 mkdir -p /cgroup/test1/ /cgroup/test2
30 - Set weights of group test1 and test2
31 echo 1000 > /cgroup/test1/blkio.weight
32 echo 500 > /cgroup/test2/blkio.weight
34 - Create two same size files (say 512MB each) on same disk (file1, file2) and
35 launch two dd threads in different cgroup to read those files.
38 echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
40 dd if=/mnt/sdb/zerofile1 of=/dev/null &
41 echo $! > /cgroup/test1/tasks
42 cat /cgroup/test1/tasks
44 dd if=/mnt/sdb/zerofile2 of=/dev/null &
45 echo $! > /cgroup/test2/tasks
46 cat /cgroup/test2/tasks
48 - At macro level, first dd should finish first. To get more precise data, keep
49 on looking at (with the help of script), at blkio.disk_time and
50 blkio.disk_sectors files of both test1 and test2 groups. This will tell how
51 much disk time (in milli seconds), each group got and how many secotors each
52 group dispatched to the disk. We provide fairness in terms of disk time, so
53 ideally io.disk_time of cgroups should be in proportion to the weight.
55 Various user visible config options
56 ===================================
57 CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED
58 - Enables group scheduling in CFQ. Currently only 1 level of group
61 CONFIG_DEBUG_CFQ_IOSCHED
62 - Enables some debugging messages in blktrace. Also creates extra
63 cgroup file blkio.dequeue.
65 Config options selected automatically
66 =====================================
67 These config options are not user visible and are selected/deselected
68 automatically based on IO scheduler configuration.
71 - Block IO controller. Selected by CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED.
73 CONFIG_DEBUG_BLK_CGROUP
74 - Debug help. Selected by CONFIG_DEBUG_CFQ_IOSCHED.
76 Details of cgroup files
77 =======================
79 - Specifies per cgroup weight.
81 Currently allowed range of weights is from 100 to 1000.
84 - disk time allocated to cgroup per device in milliseconds. First
85 two fields specify the major and minor number of the device and
86 third field specifies the disk time allocated to group in
90 - number of sectors transferred to/from disk by the group. First
91 two fields specify the major and minor number of the device and
92 third field specifies the number of sectors transferred by the
93 group to/from the device.
96 - Debugging aid only enabled if CONFIG_DEBUG_CFQ_IOSCHED=y. This
97 gives the statistics about how many a times a group was dequeued
98 from service tree of the device. First two fields specify the major
99 and minor number of the device and third field specifies the number
100 of times a group was dequeued from a particular device.
104 /sys/block/<disk>/queue/iosched/group_isolation
106 If group_isolation=1, it provides stronger isolation between groups at the
107 expense of throughput. By default group_isolation is 0. In general that
108 means that if group_isolation=0, expect fairness for sequential workload
109 only. Set group_isolation=1 to see fairness for random IO workload also.
111 Generally CFQ will put random seeky workload in sync-noidle category. CFQ
112 will disable idling on these queues and it does a collective idling on group
113 of such queues. Generally these are slow moving queues and if there is a
114 sync-noidle service tree in each group, that group gets exclusive access to
115 disk for certain period. That means it will bring the throughput down if
116 group does not have enough IO to drive deeper queue depths and utilize disk
117 capacity to the fullest in the slice allocated to it. But the flip side is
118 that even a random reader should get better latencies and overall throughput
119 if there are lots of sequential readers/sync-idle workload running in the
122 If group_isolation=0, then CFQ automatically moves all the random seeky queues
123 in the root group. That means there will be no service differentiation for
124 that kind of workload. This leads to better throughput as we do collective
125 idling on root sync-noidle tree.
127 By default one should run with group_isolation=0. If that is not sufficient
128 and one wants stronger isolation between groups, then set group_isolation=1
129 but this will come at cost of reduced throughput.
133 - Currently only sync IO queues are support. All the buffered writes are
134 still system wide and not per group. Hence we will not see service
135 differentiation between buffered writes between groups.