2 SliceCOM adapter user's documentation - for the 0.51 driver version
4 Written by Bartók István <bartoki@itc.hu>
6 English translation: Lakatos György <gyuri@itc.hu>
7 Mon Dec 11 15:28:42 CET 2000
9 Last modified: Wed Aug 29 17:25:37 CEST 2001
11 -----------------------------------------------------------------
17 Code maturity level options
18 [*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
20 Network device support
22 <M> MultiGate (COMX) synchronous
23 <M> Support for MUNICH based boards: SliceCOM, PCICOM (NEW)
24 <M> Support for HDLC and syncPPP...
31 modprobe comx-proto-ppp # module for Cisco-HDLC and SyncPPP protocols
33 modprobe comx-hw-munich # the module logs information by the kernel
34 # about the detected boards
37 Configuring the board:
39 # This interface will use the Cisco-HDLC line protocol,
40 # the timeslices assigned are 1,2 (128 KiBit line speed)
41 # (the first data timeslice in the G.703 frame is no. 1)
43 mkdir /proc/comx/comx0.1/
44 echo slicecom >/proc/comx/comx0.1/boardtype
45 echo hdlc >/proc/comx/comx0.1/protocol
46 echo 1 2 >/proc/comx/comx0.1/timeslots
49 # This interface uses SyncPPP line protocol, the assigned
50 # is no. 3 (64 KiBit line speed)
52 mkdir /proc/comx/comx0.2/
53 echo slicecom >/proc/comx/comx0.2/boardtype
54 echo ppp >/proc/comx/comx0.2/protocol
55 echo 3 >/proc/comx/comx0.2/timeslots
62 -----------------------------------------------------------------
64 The COMX interfaces use a 10 packet transmit queue by default, however WAN
65 networks sometimes use bigger values (20 to 100), to utilize the line better
66 by large traffic (though the line delay increases because of more packets
69 # ifconfig comx0 txqueuelen 50
71 This option is only supported by the ifconfig command of the later
72 distributions, which came with 2.2 kernels, such as RedHat 6.1 or Debian 2.2.
74 You can download a newer netbase packet from
75 http://www.debian.org/~rcw/2.2/netbase/ for Debian 2.1, which has a new
76 ifconfig. You can get further information about using 2.2 kernel with
77 Debian 2.1 from http://www.debian.org/releases/stable/running-kernel-2.2
79 -----------------------------------------------------------------
83 red - on, if the interface is unconfigured, or it gets Remote Alarm-s
84 green - on, if the board finds frame-sync in the received signal
90 - - no frame-sync, no signal received, or signal SNAFU.
91 - on "Everything is OK"
92 on on Reception is ok, but the remote end sends Remote Alarm
93 on - The interface is unconfigured
95 -----------------------------------------------------------------
97 A more detailed description of the hardware setting options:
99 The general and the protocol layer options described in the 'comx.txt' file
100 apply to the SliceCom as well, I only summarize the SliceCom hardware specific
103 The '/proc/comx' configuring interface:
105 An interface directory should be created for every timeslot group with
106 'mkdir', e,g: 'comx0', 'comx1' etc. The timeslots can be assigned here to the
107 specific interface. The Cisco-like naming convention (serial3:1 - first
108 timeslot group of the 3rd. board) can't be used here, because these mean IP
111 You can give any meaningful name to keep the configuration clear;
112 e.g: 'comx0.1', 'comx0.2', 'comx1.1', comx1.2', if you have two boards
113 with two interfaces each.
115 Settings, which apply to the board:
117 Neither 'io' nor 'irq' settings required, the driver uses the resources
118 given by the PCI BIOS.
120 comx0/boardnum - board number of the SliceCom in the PC (using the 'natural'
121 PCI order) as listed in '/proc/pci' or the output of the
122 'lspci' command, generally the slots nearer to the motherboard
123 PCI driver chips have the lower numbers.
125 Default: 0 (the counting starts with 0)
127 Though the options below are to be set on a single interface, they apply to the
128 whole board. The restriction, to use them on 'UP' interfaces, is because the
129 command sequence below could lead to unpredicable results.
132 # echo internal >clock_source
135 The sequence would set the clock source of board 0.
137 These settings will persist after all the interfaces are cleared, but are
138 cleared when the driver module is unloaded and loaded again.
140 comx0/clock_source - source of the transmit clock
143 # echo line >/proc/comx/comx0/clock_source
144 # echo internal >/proc/comx/comx0/clock_source
146 line - The Tx clock is being decoded if the input data stream,
147 if no clock seen on the input, then the board will use it's
150 internal - The Tx clock is supplied by the builtin clock generator.
154 Normally, the telecommunication company's end device (the HDSL
155 modem) provides the Tx clock, that's why 'line' is the default.
157 comx0/framing - Switching CRC4 off/on
159 CRC4: 16 PCM frames (The 32 64Kibit channels are multiplexed into a
160 PCM frame, nothing to do with HDLC frames) are divided into 2x8
161 groups, each group has a 4 bit CRC.
163 # echo crc4 >/proc/comx/comx0/framing
164 # echo no-crc4 >/proc/comx/comx0/framing
166 Default is 'crc4', the Hungarian MATAV lines behave like this.
167 The traffic generally passes if this setting on both ends don't match.
169 comx0/linecode - Setting the line coding
171 # echo hdb3 >/proc/comx/comx0/linecode
172 # echo ami >/proc/comx/comx0/linecode
174 Default a 'hdb3', MATAV lines use this.
176 (AMI coding is rarely used with E1 lines). Frame sync may occur, if
177 this setting doesn't match the other end's, but CRC4 and data errors
178 will come, which will result in CRC errors on HDLC/SyncPPP level.
180 comx0/reg - direct access to the board's MUNICH (reg) and FALC (lbireg)
181 comx0/lbireg circuit's registers
183 # echo >reg 0x04 0x0 - write 0 to register 4
184 # echo >reg 0x104 - write the contents of register 4 with
187 WARNING! These are only for development purposes, messing with this will
190 comx0/loopback - Places a loop to the board's G.703 signals
192 # echo none >/proc/comx/comx0/loopback
193 # echo local >/proc/comx/comx0/loopback
194 # echo remote >/proc/comx/comx0/loopback
196 none - normal operation, no loop
197 local - the board receives it's own output
198 remote - the board sends the received data to the remote side
202 -----------------------------------------------------------------
204 Interface (channel group in Cisco terms) settings:
206 comx0/timeslots - which timeslots belong to the given interface
210 # echo '1 5 2 6 7 8' >/proc/comx/comx0/timeslots
212 # cat /proc/comx/comx0/timeslots
218 # grep ' 4' /proc/comx/comx*/timeslots
219 /proc/comx/comx0/timeslots:1 3 4 5 6
222 The timeslots can be in any order, '1 2 3' is the same as '1 3 2'.
224 The interface has to be DOWN during the setting ('ifconfig comx0
225 down'), but the other interfaces could operate normally.
227 The driver checks if the assigned timeslots are vacant, if not, then
228 the setting won't be applied.
230 The timeslot values are treated as decimal numbers, not to misunderstand
231 values of 08, 09 form.
233 -----------------------------------------------------------------
235 Checking the interface and board status:
237 - Lines beginning with ' ' (space) belong to the original output, the lines
238 which begin with '//' are the comments.
240 papaya:~$ cat /proc/comx/comx1/status
241 Interface administrative status is UP, modem status is UP, protocol is UP
242 Modem status changes: 0, Transmitter status is IDLE, tbusy: 0
243 Interface load (input): 978376 / 947808 / 951024 bits/s (5s/5m/15m)
244 (output): 978376 / 947848 / 951024 bits/s (5s/5m/15m)
246 RX errors: len: 22, overrun: 1, crc: 0, aborts: 0
247 buffer overrun: 0, pbuffer overrun: 0
248 TX errors: underrun: 0
249 Line keepalive (value: 10) status UP [0]
251 // The hardware specific part starts here:
257 // No alarms - Everything OK
259 // LOS - Loss Of Signal - No signal sensed on the input
260 // AIS - Alarm Indication Signal - The remote side sends '11111111'-s,
261 // it tells, that there's an error condition, or it's not
263 // AUXP - Auxiliary Pattern Indication - 01010101.. received.
264 // LFA - Loss of Frame Alignment - no frame sync received.
265 // RRA - Receive Remote Alarm - the remote end's OK, but signals error cond.
266 // LMFA - Loss of CRC4 Multiframe Alignment - no CRC4 multiframe sync.
267 // NMF - No Multiframe alignment Found after 400 msec - no such alarm using
268 // no-crc4 or crc4 framing, see below.
270 // Other possible error messages:
272 // Transmit Line Short - the board felt, that it's output is short-circuited,
273 // so it switched the transmission off. (The board can't definitely tell,
274 // that it's output is short-circuited.)
276 // Chained list of the received packets, for debug purposes:
280 lastcheck: 50845731, jiffies: 51314281
283 rx_desc_ptr: 017b1858
284 hw_curr_ptr: 017b1858
285 06040000 017b1868 017b1898 c016ff00
286 06040000 017b1878 017b1e9c c016ff00
287 46040000 017b1888 017b24a0 c016ff00
288 06040000 017b1858 017b2aa4 c016ff00
290 // All the interfaces using the board: comx1, using the 1,2,...16 timeslots,
291 // comx2, using timeslot 17, etc.
293 Interfaces using this board: (channel-group, interface, timeslots)
294 0 comx1: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
311 // The number of events handled by the driver during an interrupt cycle:
313 Interrupt work histogram:
314 hist[ 0]: 0 hist[ 1]: 2 hist[ 2]: 18574 hist[ 3]: 79
315 hist[ 4]: 14 hist[ 5]: 1 hist[ 6]: 0 hist[ 7]: 1
316 hist[ 8]: 0 hist[ 9]: 7
318 // The number of packets to send in the Tx ring, when a new one arrived:
321 hist[ 0]: 2329 hist[ 1]: 0 hist[ 2]: 0 hist[ 3]: 0
323 // The error counters of the E1 interface, according to the RFC2495,
324 // (similar to the Cisco "show controllers e1" command's output:
325 // http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios11/rbook/rinterfc.htm#xtocid25669126)
327 Data in current interval (91 seconds elapsed):
328 9516 Line Code Violations, 65 Path Code Violations, 2 E-Bit Errors
329 0 Slip Secs, 2 Fr Loss Secs, 2 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
330 0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 11 Unavail Secs
331 Data in Interval 1 (15 minutes):
332 0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations, 0 E-Bit Errors
333 0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
334 0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
335 Data in last 4 intervals (1 hour):
336 0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations, 0 E-Bit Errors
337 0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
338 0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
339 Data in last 96 intervals (24 hours):
340 0 Line Code Violations, 0 Path Code Violations, 0 E-Bit Errors
341 0 Slip Secs, 0 Fr Loss Secs, 0 Line Err Secs, 0 Degraded Mins
342 0 Errored Secs, 0 Bursty Err Secs, 0 Severely Err Secs, 0 Unavail Secs
344 -----------------------------------------------------------------
346 Some unique options, (may get into the driver later):
347 Treat them very carefully, these can cause much trouble!
349 modified CRC-4, for improved interworking of CRC-4 and non-CRC-4
350 devices: (see page 107 and g706 Annex B)
351 lbireg[ 0x1b ] |= 0x08
352 lbireg[ 0x1c ] |= 0xc0
354 - The NMF - 'No Multiframe alignment Found after 400 msec' alarm
357 FALC - the line driver chip.
358 local loop - I hear my transmission back.
359 remote loop - I echo the remote transmission back.
361 Something useful for finding errors:
363 - local loop for timeslot 1 in the FALC chip:
365 # echo >lbireg 0x1d 0x21
367 - Switching the loop off:
369 # echo >lbireg 0x1d 0x00