2 * linux/arch/arm/kernel/entry-armv.S
4 * Copyright (C) 1996,1997,1998 Russell King.
5 * ARM700 fix by Matthew Godbolt (linux-user@willothewisp.demon.co.uk)
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * Low-level vector interface routines
13 * Note: there is a StrongARM bug in the STMIA rn, {regs}^ instruction that causes
14 * it to save wrong values... Be aware!
16 #include <linux/config.h>
19 #include <asm/vfpmacros.h>
20 #include <asm/hardware.h> /* should be moved into entry-macro.S */
21 #include <asm/arch/irqs.h> /* should be moved into entry-macro.S */
22 #include <asm/arch/entry-macro.S>
24 #include "entry-header.S"
27 * Invalid mode handlers
29 .macro inv_entry, sym, reason
30 sub sp, sp, #S_FRAME_SIZE @ Allocate frame size in one go
31 stmia sp, {r0 - lr} @ Save XXX r0 - lr
37 inv_entry abt, BAD_PREFETCH
41 inv_entry abt, BAD_DATA
45 inv_entry irq, BAD_IRQ
49 inv_entry und, BAD_UNDEFINSTR
52 ldmia r4, {r5 - r7} @ Get XXX pc, cpsr, old_r0
54 stmia r4, {r5 - r7} @ Save XXX pc, cpsr, old_r0
56 and r2, r6, #31 @ int mode
63 sub sp, sp, #S_FRAME_SIZE
64 stmia sp, {r0 - r12} @ save r0 - r12
66 add r0, sp, #S_FRAME_SIZE
67 ldmia r2, {r2 - r4} @ get pc, cpsr
72 @ We are now ready to fill in the remaining blanks on the stack:
76 @ r2 - lr_<exception>, already fixed up for correct return/restart
77 @ r3 - spsr_<exception>
78 @ r4 - orig_r0 (see pt_regs definition in ptrace.h)
88 @ get ready to re-enable interrupts if appropriate
92 biceq r9, r9, #PSR_I_BIT
95 @ Call the processor-specific abort handler:
97 @ r2 - aborted context pc
98 @ r3 - aborted context cpsr
100 @ The abort handler must return the aborted address in r0, and
101 @ the fault status register in r1. r9 must be preserved.
112 @ set desired IRQ state, then call main handler
119 @ IRQs off again before pulling preserved data off the stack
124 @ restore SPSR and restart the instruction
128 ldmia sp, {r0 - pc}^ @ load r0 - pc, cpsr
133 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
135 ldr r9, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT] @ get preempt count
136 add r7, r9, #1 @ increment it
137 str r7, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT]
139 1: get_irqnr_and_base r0, r6, r5, lr
142 @ routine called with r0 = irq number, r1 = struct pt_regs *
146 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
147 ldr r0, [r8, #TI_FLAGS] @ get flags
148 tst r0, #_TIF_NEED_RESCHED
151 ldr r0, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT] @ read preempt value
153 str r9, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT] @ restore preempt count
154 strne r0, [r0, -r0] @ bug()
156 ldr r0, [sp, #S_PSR] @ irqs are already disabled
158 ldmia sp, {r0 - pc}^ @ load r0 - pc, cpsr
162 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
164 teq r9, #0 @ was preempt count = 0
165 ldreq r6, .LCirq_stat
167 ldr r0, [r6, #4] @ local_irq_count
168 ldr r1, [r6, #8] @ local_bh_count
171 mov r7, #0 @ preempt_schedule_irq
172 str r7, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT] @ expects preempt_count == 0
173 1: bl preempt_schedule_irq @ irq en/disable is done inside
174 ldr r0, [r8, #TI_FLAGS] @ get new tasks TI_FLAGS
175 tst r0, #_TIF_NEED_RESCHED
176 beq preempt_return @ go again
185 @ call emulation code, which returns using r9 if it has emulated
186 @ the instruction, or the more conventional lr if we are to treat
187 @ this as a real undefined instruction
195 mov r0, sp @ struct pt_regs *regs
199 @ IRQs off again before pulling preserved data off the stack
204 @ restore SPSR and restart the instruction
206 ldr lr, [sp, #S_PSR] @ Get SVC cpsr
208 ldmia sp, {r0 - pc}^ @ Restore SVC registers
215 @ re-enable interrupts if appropriate
219 biceq r9, r9, #PSR_I_BIT
223 @ set args, then call main handler
225 @ r0 - address of faulting instruction
226 @ r1 - pointer to registers on stack
228 mov r0, r2 @ address (pc)
230 bl do_PrefetchAbort @ call abort handler
233 @ IRQs off again before pulling preserved data off the stack
238 @ restore SPSR and restart the instruction
242 ldmia sp, {r0 - pc}^ @ load r0 - pc, cpsr
257 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
265 .macro usr_entry, sym
266 sub sp, sp, #S_FRAME_SIZE @ Allocate frame size in one go
267 stmia sp, {r0 - r12} @ save r0 - r12
270 ldmia r7, {r2 - r4} @ Get USR pc, cpsr
272 #if __LINUX_ARM_ARCH__ < 6
273 @ make sure our user space atomic helper is aborted
275 bichs r3, r3, #PSR_Z_BIT
279 @ We are now ready to fill in the remaining blanks on the stack:
281 @ r2 - lr_<exception>, already fixed up for correct return/restart
282 @ r3 - spsr_<exception>
283 @ r4 - orig_r0 (see pt_regs definition in ptrace.h)
285 @ Also, separately save sp_usr and lr_usr
291 @ Enable the alignment trap while in kernel mode
293 alignment_trap r7, r0, __temp_\sym
296 @ Clear FP to mark the first stack frame
306 @ Call the processor-specific abort handler:
308 @ r2 - aborted context pc
309 @ r3 - aborted context cpsr
311 @ The abort handler must return the aborted address in r0, and
312 @ the fault status register in r1.
323 @ IRQs on, then call the main handler
327 adr lr, ret_from_exception
334 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
336 ldr r9, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT] @ get preempt count
337 add r7, r9, #1 @ increment it
338 str r7, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT]
340 1: get_irqnr_and_base r0, r6, r5, lr
344 @ routine called with r0 = irq number, r1 = struct pt_regs *
347 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
348 ldr r0, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT]
350 str r9, [r8, #TI_PREEMPT]
365 tst r3, #PSR_T_BIT @ Thumb mode?
366 bne fpundefinstr @ ignore FP
370 @ fall through to the emulation code, which returns using r9 if
371 @ it has emulated the instruction, or the more conventional lr
372 @ if we are to treat this as a real undefined instruction
377 adr r9, ret_from_exception
380 @ fallthrough to call_fpe
384 * The out of line fixup for the ldrt above.
386 .section .fixup, "ax"
389 .section __ex_table,"a"
394 * Check whether the instruction is a co-processor instruction.
395 * If yes, we need to call the relevant co-processor handler.
397 * Note that we don't do a full check here for the co-processor
398 * instructions; all instructions with bit 27 set are well
399 * defined. The only instructions that should fault are the
400 * co-processor instructions. However, we have to watch out
401 * for the ARM6/ARM7 SWI bug.
403 * Emulators may wish to make use of the following registers:
404 * r0 = instruction opcode.
406 * r10 = this threads thread_info structure.
409 tst r0, #0x08000000 @ only CDP/CPRT/LDC/STC have bit 27
410 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_ARM610) || defined(CONFIG_CPU_ARM710)
411 and r8, r0, #0x0f000000 @ mask out op-code bits
412 teqne r8, #0x0f000000 @ SWI (ARM6/7 bug)?
415 get_thread_info r10 @ get current thread
416 and r8, r0, #0x00000f00 @ mask out CP number
418 add r6, r10, #TI_USED_CP
419 strb r7, [r6, r8, lsr #8] @ set appropriate used_cp[]
421 @ Test if we need to give access to iWMMXt coprocessors
422 ldr r5, [r10, #TI_FLAGS]
423 rsbs r7, r8, #(1 << 8) @ CP 0 or 1 only
424 movcss r7, r5, lsr #(TIF_USING_IWMMXT + 1)
425 bcs iwmmxt_task_enable
428 add pc, pc, r8, lsr #6
432 b do_fpe @ CP#1 (FPE)
433 b do_fpe @ CP#2 (FPE)
442 b do_vfp @ CP#10 (VFP)
443 b do_vfp @ CP#11 (VFP)
445 mov pc, lr @ CP#10 (VFP)
446 mov pc, lr @ CP#11 (VFP)
450 mov pc, lr @ CP#14 (Debug)
451 mov pc, lr @ CP#15 (Control)
455 add r10, r10, #TI_FPSTATE @ r10 = workspace
456 ldr pc, [r4] @ Call FP module USR entry point
459 * The FP module is called with these registers set:
462 * r9 = normal "successful" return address
464 * lr = unrecognised FP instruction return address
474 adr lr, ret_from_exception
481 enable_irq @ Enable interrupts
482 mov r0, r2 @ address (pc)
484 bl do_PrefetchAbort @ call abort handler
487 * This is the return code to user mode for abort handlers
489 ENTRY(ret_from_exception)
495 * Register switch for ARMv3 and ARMv4 processors
496 * r0 = previous task_struct, r1 = previous thread_info, r2 = next thread_info
497 * previous and next are guaranteed not to be the same.
500 add ip, r1, #TI_CPU_SAVE
501 ldr r3, [r2, #TI_TP_VALUE]
502 stmia ip!, {r4 - sl, fp, sp, lr} @ Store most regs on stack
503 ldr r6, [r2, #TI_CPU_DOMAIN]!
504 #if defined(CONFIG_CPU_XSCALE) && !defined(CONFIG_IWMMXT)
508 #if defined(CONFIG_HAS_TLS_REG)
509 mcr p15, 0, r3, c13, c0, 3 @ set TLS register
510 #elif !defined(CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL)
512 str r3, [r4, #-15] @ TLS val at 0xffff0ff0
514 mcr p15, 0, r6, c3, c0, 0 @ Set domain register
516 @ Always disable VFP so we can lazily save/restore the old
517 @ state. This occurs in the context of the previous thread.
519 bic r4, r4, #FPEXC_ENABLE
522 #if defined(CONFIG_IWMMXT)
523 bl iwmmxt_task_switch
524 #elif defined(CONFIG_CPU_XSCALE)
525 add r4, r2, #40 @ cpu_context_save->extra
529 ldmib r2, {r4 - sl, fp, sp, pc} @ Load all regs saved previously
536 * These are segment of kernel provided user code reachable from user space
537 * at a fixed address in kernel memory. This is used to provide user space
538 * with some operations which require kernel help because of unimplemented
539 * native feature and/or instructions in many ARM CPUs. The idea is for
540 * this code to be executed directly in user mode for best efficiency but
541 * which is too intimate with the kernel counter part to be left to user
542 * libraries. In fact this code might even differ from one CPU to another
543 * depending on the available instruction set and restrictions like on
544 * SMP systems. In other words, the kernel reserves the right to change
545 * this code as needed without warning. Only the entry points and their
546 * results are guaranteed to be stable.
548 * Each segment is 32-byte aligned and will be moved to the top of the high
549 * vector page. New segments (if ever needed) must be added in front of
550 * existing ones. This mechanism should be used only for things that are
551 * really small and justified, and not be abused freely.
553 * User space is expected to implement those things inline when optimizing
554 * for a processor that has the necessary native support, but only if such
555 * resulting binaries are already to be incompatible with earlier ARM
556 * processors due to the use of unsupported instructions other than what
557 * is provided here. In other words don't make binaries unable to run on
558 * earlier processors just for the sake of not using these kernel helpers
559 * if your compiled code is not going to use the new instructions for other
564 .globl __kuser_helper_start
565 __kuser_helper_start:
568 * Reference prototype:
570 * int __kernel_cmpxchg(int oldval, int newval, int *ptr)
577 * lr = return address
581 * r0 = returned value (zero or non-zero)
582 * C flag = set if r0 == 0, clear if r0 != 0
588 * Definition and user space usage example:
590 * typedef int (__kernel_cmpxchg_t)(int oldval, int newval, int *ptr);
591 * #define __kernel_cmpxchg (*(__kernel_cmpxchg_t *)0xffff0fc0)
593 * Atomically store newval in *ptr if *ptr is equal to oldval for user space.
594 * Return zero if *ptr was changed or non-zero if no exchange happened.
595 * The C flag is also set if *ptr was changed to allow for assembly
596 * optimization in the calling code.
598 * For example, a user space atomic_add implementation could look like this:
600 * #define atomic_add(ptr, val) \
601 * ({ register unsigned int *__ptr asm("r2") = (ptr); \
602 * register unsigned int __result asm("r1"); \
604 * "1: @ atomic_add\n\t" \
605 * "ldr r0, [r2]\n\t" \
606 * "mov r3, #0xffff0fff\n\t" \
607 * "add lr, pc, #4\n\t" \
608 * "add r1, r0, %2\n\t" \
609 * "add pc, r3, #(0xffff0fc0 - 0xffff0fff)\n\t" \
611 * : "=&r" (__result) \
612 * : "r" (__ptr), "rIL" (val) \
613 * : "r0","r3","ip","lr","cc","memory" ); \
617 __kuser_cmpxchg: @ 0xffff0fc0
619 #if __LINUX_ARM_ARCH__ < 6
621 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP /* sanity check */
622 #error "CONFIG_SMP on a machine supporting pre-ARMv6 processors?"
626 * Theory of operation:
628 * We set the Z flag before loading oldval. If ever an exception
629 * occurs we can not be sure the loaded value will still be the same
630 * when the exception returns, therefore the user exception handler
631 * will clear the Z flag whenever the interrupted user code was
632 * actually from the kernel address space (see the usr_entry macro).
634 * The post-increment on the str is used to prevent a race with an
635 * exception happening just after the str instruction which would
636 * clear the Z flag although the exchange was done.
638 teq ip, ip @ set Z flag
639 ldr ip, [r2] @ load current val
640 add r3, r2, #1 @ prepare store ptr
641 teqeq ip, r0 @ compare with oldval if still allowed
642 streq r1, [r3, #-1]! @ store newval if still allowed
643 subs r0, r2, r3 @ if r2 == r3 the str occured
659 * Reference prototype:
661 * int __kernel_get_tls(void)
665 * lr = return address
673 * the Z flag might be lost
675 * Definition and user space usage example:
677 * typedef int (__kernel_get_tls_t)(void);
678 * #define __kernel_get_tls (*(__kernel_get_tls_t *)0xffff0fe0)
680 * Get the TLS value as previously set via the __ARM_NR_set_tls syscall.
682 * This could be used as follows:
684 * #define __kernel_get_tls() \
685 * ({ register unsigned int __val asm("r0"); \
686 * asm( "mov r0, #0xffff0fff; mov lr, pc; sub pc, r0, #31" \
687 * : "=r" (__val) : : "lr","cc" ); \
691 __kuser_get_tls: @ 0xffff0fe0
693 #if !defined(CONFIG_HAS_TLS_REG) && !defined(CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL)
695 ldr r0, [pc, #(16 - 8)] @ TLS stored at 0xffff0ff0
700 mrc p15, 0, r0, c13, c0, 3 @ read TLS register
706 .word 0 @ pad up to __kuser_helper_version
710 * Reference declaration:
712 * extern unsigned int __kernel_helper_version;
714 * Definition and user space usage example:
716 * #define __kernel_helper_version (*(unsigned int *)0xffff0ffc)
718 * User space may read this to determine the curent number of helpers
722 __kuser_helper_version: @ 0xffff0ffc
723 .word ((__kuser_helper_end - __kuser_helper_start) >> 5)
725 .globl __kuser_helper_end
732 * This code is copied to 0xffff0200 so we can use branches in the
733 * vectors, rather than ldr's. Note that this code must not
734 * exceed 0x300 bytes.
736 * Common stub entry macro:
737 * Enter in IRQ mode, spsr = SVC/USR CPSR, lr = SVC/USR PC
739 .macro vector_stub, name, sym, correction=0
745 sub lr, lr, #\correction
747 str lr, [r13] @ save lr_IRQ
749 str lr, [r13, #4] @ save spsr_IRQ
751 @ now branch to the relevant MODE handling routine
754 bic r13, r13, #MODE_MASK
755 orr r13, r13, #SVC_MODE
756 msr spsr_cxsf, r13 @ switch to SVC_32 mode
759 ldr lr, [pc, lr, lsl #2]
760 movs pc, lr @ Changes mode and branches
766 * Interrupt dispatcher
768 vector_stub irq, irq, 4
770 .long __irq_usr @ 0 (USR_26 / USR_32)
771 .long __irq_invalid @ 1 (FIQ_26 / FIQ_32)
772 .long __irq_invalid @ 2 (IRQ_26 / IRQ_32)
773 .long __irq_svc @ 3 (SVC_26 / SVC_32)
774 .long __irq_invalid @ 4
775 .long __irq_invalid @ 5
776 .long __irq_invalid @ 6
777 .long __irq_invalid @ 7
778 .long __irq_invalid @ 8
779 .long __irq_invalid @ 9
780 .long __irq_invalid @ a
781 .long __irq_invalid @ b
782 .long __irq_invalid @ c
783 .long __irq_invalid @ d
784 .long __irq_invalid @ e
785 .long __irq_invalid @ f
788 * Data abort dispatcher
789 * Enter in ABT mode, spsr = USR CPSR, lr = USR PC
791 vector_stub dabt, abt, 8
793 .long __dabt_usr @ 0 (USR_26 / USR_32)
794 .long __dabt_invalid @ 1 (FIQ_26 / FIQ_32)
795 .long __dabt_invalid @ 2 (IRQ_26 / IRQ_32)
796 .long __dabt_svc @ 3 (SVC_26 / SVC_32)
797 .long __dabt_invalid @ 4
798 .long __dabt_invalid @ 5
799 .long __dabt_invalid @ 6
800 .long __dabt_invalid @ 7
801 .long __dabt_invalid @ 8
802 .long __dabt_invalid @ 9
803 .long __dabt_invalid @ a
804 .long __dabt_invalid @ b
805 .long __dabt_invalid @ c
806 .long __dabt_invalid @ d
807 .long __dabt_invalid @ e
808 .long __dabt_invalid @ f
811 * Prefetch abort dispatcher
812 * Enter in ABT mode, spsr = USR CPSR, lr = USR PC
814 vector_stub pabt, abt, 4
816 .long __pabt_usr @ 0 (USR_26 / USR_32)
817 .long __pabt_invalid @ 1 (FIQ_26 / FIQ_32)
818 .long __pabt_invalid @ 2 (IRQ_26 / IRQ_32)
819 .long __pabt_svc @ 3 (SVC_26 / SVC_32)
820 .long __pabt_invalid @ 4
821 .long __pabt_invalid @ 5
822 .long __pabt_invalid @ 6
823 .long __pabt_invalid @ 7
824 .long __pabt_invalid @ 8
825 .long __pabt_invalid @ 9
826 .long __pabt_invalid @ a
827 .long __pabt_invalid @ b
828 .long __pabt_invalid @ c
829 .long __pabt_invalid @ d
830 .long __pabt_invalid @ e
831 .long __pabt_invalid @ f
834 * Undef instr entry dispatcher
835 * Enter in UND mode, spsr = SVC/USR CPSR, lr = SVC/USR PC
839 .long __und_usr @ 0 (USR_26 / USR_32)
840 .long __und_invalid @ 1 (FIQ_26 / FIQ_32)
841 .long __und_invalid @ 2 (IRQ_26 / IRQ_32)
842 .long __und_svc @ 3 (SVC_26 / SVC_32)
843 .long __und_invalid @ 4
844 .long __und_invalid @ 5
845 .long __und_invalid @ 6
846 .long __und_invalid @ 7
847 .long __und_invalid @ 8
848 .long __und_invalid @ 9
849 .long __und_invalid @ a
850 .long __und_invalid @ b
851 .long __und_invalid @ c
852 .long __und_invalid @ d
853 .long __und_invalid @ e
854 .long __und_invalid @ f
858 /*=============================================================================
860 *-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
861 * Enter in FIQ mode, spsr = ANY CPSR, lr = ANY PC
862 * MUST PRESERVE SVC SPSR, but need to switch to SVC mode to show our msg.
863 * Basically to switch modes, we *HAVE* to clobber one register... brain
864 * damage alert! I don't think that we can execute any code in here in any
865 * other mode than FIQ... Ok you can switch to another mode, but you can't
866 * get out of that mode without clobbering one register.
872 /*=============================================================================
873 * Address exception handler
874 *-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
875 * These aren't too critical.
876 * (they're not supposed to happen, and won't happen in 32-bit data mode).
883 * We group all the following data together to optimise
884 * for CPUs with separate I & D caches.
901 .equ stubs_offset, __vectors_start + 0x200 - __stubs_start
903 .globl __vectors_start
906 b vector_und + stubs_offset
907 ldr pc, .LCvswi + stubs_offset
908 b vector_pabt + stubs_offset
909 b vector_dabt + stubs_offset
910 b vector_addrexcptn + stubs_offset
911 b vector_irq + stubs_offset
912 b vector_fiq + stubs_offset
920 * Do not reorder these, and do not insert extra data between...
924 .word 0 @ saved lr_irq
925 .word 0 @ saved spsr_irq
928 .word 0 @ Saved lr_und
929 .word 0 @ Saved spsr_und
932 .word 0 @ Saved lr_abt
933 .word 0 @ Saved spsr_abt
937 .globl cr_no_alignment