IB/srp: Coverity fix to srp_parse_options()
[linux-2.6/verdex.git] / net / ipv4 / netfilter / ip_nat_core.c
blob1741d555ad0dd5e29ab17305aa0ddc77065fd89e
1 /* NAT for netfilter; shared with compatibility layer. */
3 /* (C) 1999-2001 Paul `Rusty' Russell
4 * (C) 2002-2004 Netfilter Core Team <coreteam@netfilter.org>
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
9 */
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/types.h>
13 #include <linux/timer.h>
14 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
15 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4.h>
16 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
17 #include <net/checksum.h>
18 #include <net/icmp.h>
19 #include <net/ip.h>
20 #include <net/tcp.h> /* For tcp_prot in getorigdst */
21 #include <linux/icmp.h>
22 #include <linux/udp.h>
23 #include <linux/jhash.h>
25 #define ASSERT_READ_LOCK(x)
26 #define ASSERT_WRITE_LOCK(x)
28 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_conntrack.h>
29 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_conntrack_core.h>
30 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_conntrack_protocol.h>
31 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_nat.h>
32 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_nat_protocol.h>
33 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_nat_core.h>
34 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_nat_helper.h>
35 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/ip_conntrack_helper.h>
36 #include <linux/netfilter_ipv4/listhelp.h>
38 #if 0
39 #define DEBUGP printk
40 #else
41 #define DEBUGP(format, args...)
42 #endif
44 DEFINE_RWLOCK(ip_nat_lock);
46 /* Calculated at init based on memory size */
47 static unsigned int ip_nat_htable_size;
49 static struct list_head *bysource;
51 #define MAX_IP_NAT_PROTO 256
52 static struct ip_nat_protocol *ip_nat_protos[MAX_IP_NAT_PROTO];
54 static inline struct ip_nat_protocol *
55 __ip_nat_proto_find(u_int8_t protonum)
57 return ip_nat_protos[protonum];
60 struct ip_nat_protocol *
61 ip_nat_proto_find_get(u_int8_t protonum)
63 struct ip_nat_protocol *p;
65 /* we need to disable preemption to make sure 'p' doesn't get
66 * removed until we've grabbed the reference */
67 preempt_disable();
68 p = __ip_nat_proto_find(protonum);
69 if (!try_module_get(p->me))
70 p = &ip_nat_unknown_protocol;
71 preempt_enable();
73 return p;
75 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_nat_proto_find_get);
77 void
78 ip_nat_proto_put(struct ip_nat_protocol *p)
80 module_put(p->me);
82 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_nat_proto_put);
84 /* We keep an extra hash for each conntrack, for fast searching. */
85 static inline unsigned int
86 hash_by_src(const struct ip_conntrack_tuple *tuple)
88 /* Original src, to ensure we map it consistently if poss. */
89 return jhash_3words(tuple->src.ip, tuple->src.u.all,
90 tuple->dst.protonum, 0) % ip_nat_htable_size;
93 /* Noone using conntrack by the time this called. */
94 static void ip_nat_cleanup_conntrack(struct ip_conntrack *conn)
96 if (!(conn->status & IPS_NAT_DONE_MASK))
97 return;
99 write_lock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
100 list_del(&conn->nat.info.bysource);
101 write_unlock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
104 /* We do checksum mangling, so if they were wrong before they're still
105 * wrong. Also works for incomplete packets (eg. ICMP dest
106 * unreachables.) */
107 u_int16_t
108 ip_nat_cheat_check(u_int32_t oldvalinv, u_int32_t newval, u_int16_t oldcheck)
110 u_int32_t diffs[] = { oldvalinv, newval };
111 return csum_fold(csum_partial((char *)diffs, sizeof(diffs),
112 oldcheck^0xFFFF));
114 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_nat_cheat_check);
116 /* Is this tuple already taken? (not by us) */
118 ip_nat_used_tuple(const struct ip_conntrack_tuple *tuple,
119 const struct ip_conntrack *ignored_conntrack)
121 /* Conntrack tracking doesn't keep track of outgoing tuples; only
122 incoming ones. NAT means they don't have a fixed mapping,
123 so we invert the tuple and look for the incoming reply.
125 We could keep a separate hash if this proves too slow. */
126 struct ip_conntrack_tuple reply;
128 invert_tuplepr(&reply, tuple);
129 return ip_conntrack_tuple_taken(&reply, ignored_conntrack);
131 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_nat_used_tuple);
133 /* If we source map this tuple so reply looks like reply_tuple, will
134 * that meet the constraints of range. */
135 static int
136 in_range(const struct ip_conntrack_tuple *tuple,
137 const struct ip_nat_range *range)
139 struct ip_nat_protocol *proto =
140 __ip_nat_proto_find(tuple->dst.protonum);
142 /* If we are supposed to map IPs, then we must be in the
143 range specified, otherwise let this drag us onto a new src IP. */
144 if (range->flags & IP_NAT_RANGE_MAP_IPS) {
145 if (ntohl(tuple->src.ip) < ntohl(range->min_ip)
146 || ntohl(tuple->src.ip) > ntohl(range->max_ip))
147 return 0;
150 if (!(range->flags & IP_NAT_RANGE_PROTO_SPECIFIED)
151 || proto->in_range(tuple, IP_NAT_MANIP_SRC,
152 &range->min, &range->max))
153 return 1;
155 return 0;
158 static inline int
159 same_src(const struct ip_conntrack *ct,
160 const struct ip_conntrack_tuple *tuple)
162 return (ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple.dst.protonum
163 == tuple->dst.protonum
164 && ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple.src.ip
165 == tuple->src.ip
166 && ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple.src.u.all
167 == tuple->src.u.all);
170 /* Only called for SRC manip */
171 static int
172 find_appropriate_src(const struct ip_conntrack_tuple *tuple,
173 struct ip_conntrack_tuple *result,
174 const struct ip_nat_range *range)
176 unsigned int h = hash_by_src(tuple);
177 struct ip_conntrack *ct;
179 read_lock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
180 list_for_each_entry(ct, &bysource[h], nat.info.bysource) {
181 if (same_src(ct, tuple)) {
182 /* Copy source part from reply tuple. */
183 invert_tuplepr(result,
184 &ct->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple);
185 result->dst = tuple->dst;
187 if (in_range(result, range)) {
188 read_unlock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
189 return 1;
193 read_unlock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
194 return 0;
197 /* For [FUTURE] fragmentation handling, we want the least-used
198 src-ip/dst-ip/proto triple. Fairness doesn't come into it. Thus
199 if the range specifies 1.2.3.4 ports 10000-10005 and 1.2.3.5 ports
200 1-65535, we don't do pro-rata allocation based on ports; we choose
201 the ip with the lowest src-ip/dst-ip/proto usage.
203 static void
204 find_best_ips_proto(struct ip_conntrack_tuple *tuple,
205 const struct ip_nat_range *range,
206 const struct ip_conntrack *conntrack,
207 enum ip_nat_manip_type maniptype)
209 u_int32_t *var_ipp;
210 /* Host order */
211 u_int32_t minip, maxip, j;
213 /* No IP mapping? Do nothing. */
214 if (!(range->flags & IP_NAT_RANGE_MAP_IPS))
215 return;
217 if (maniptype == IP_NAT_MANIP_SRC)
218 var_ipp = &tuple->src.ip;
219 else
220 var_ipp = &tuple->dst.ip;
222 /* Fast path: only one choice. */
223 if (range->min_ip == range->max_ip) {
224 *var_ipp = range->min_ip;
225 return;
228 /* Hashing source and destination IPs gives a fairly even
229 * spread in practice (if there are a small number of IPs
230 * involved, there usually aren't that many connections
231 * anyway). The consistency means that servers see the same
232 * client coming from the same IP (some Internet Banking sites
233 * like this), even across reboots. */
234 minip = ntohl(range->min_ip);
235 maxip = ntohl(range->max_ip);
236 j = jhash_2words(tuple->src.ip, tuple->dst.ip, 0);
237 *var_ipp = htonl(minip + j % (maxip - minip + 1));
240 /* Manipulate the tuple into the range given. For NF_IP_POST_ROUTING,
241 * we change the source to map into the range. For NF_IP_PRE_ROUTING
242 * and NF_IP_LOCAL_OUT, we change the destination to map into the
243 * range. It might not be possible to get a unique tuple, but we try.
244 * At worst (or if we race), we will end up with a final duplicate in
245 * __ip_conntrack_confirm and drop the packet. */
246 static void
247 get_unique_tuple(struct ip_conntrack_tuple *tuple,
248 const struct ip_conntrack_tuple *orig_tuple,
249 const struct ip_nat_range *range,
250 struct ip_conntrack *conntrack,
251 enum ip_nat_manip_type maniptype)
253 struct ip_nat_protocol *proto;
255 /* 1) If this srcip/proto/src-proto-part is currently mapped,
256 and that same mapping gives a unique tuple within the given
257 range, use that.
259 This is only required for source (ie. NAT/masq) mappings.
260 So far, we don't do local source mappings, so multiple
261 manips not an issue. */
262 if (maniptype == IP_NAT_MANIP_SRC) {
263 if (find_appropriate_src(orig_tuple, tuple, range)) {
264 DEBUGP("get_unique_tuple: Found current src map\n");
265 if (!ip_nat_used_tuple(tuple, conntrack))
266 return;
270 /* 2) Select the least-used IP/proto combination in the given
271 range. */
272 *tuple = *orig_tuple;
273 find_best_ips_proto(tuple, range, conntrack, maniptype);
275 /* 3) The per-protocol part of the manip is made to map into
276 the range to make a unique tuple. */
278 proto = ip_nat_proto_find_get(orig_tuple->dst.protonum);
280 /* Only bother mapping if it's not already in range and unique */
281 if ((!(range->flags & IP_NAT_RANGE_PROTO_SPECIFIED)
282 || proto->in_range(tuple, maniptype, &range->min, &range->max))
283 && !ip_nat_used_tuple(tuple, conntrack)) {
284 ip_nat_proto_put(proto);
285 return;
288 /* Last change: get protocol to try to obtain unique tuple. */
289 proto->unique_tuple(tuple, range, maniptype, conntrack);
291 ip_nat_proto_put(proto);
294 unsigned int
295 ip_nat_setup_info(struct ip_conntrack *conntrack,
296 const struct ip_nat_range *range,
297 unsigned int hooknum)
299 struct ip_conntrack_tuple curr_tuple, new_tuple;
300 struct ip_nat_info *info = &conntrack->nat.info;
301 int have_to_hash = !(conntrack->status & IPS_NAT_DONE_MASK);
302 enum ip_nat_manip_type maniptype = HOOK2MANIP(hooknum);
304 IP_NF_ASSERT(hooknum == NF_IP_PRE_ROUTING
305 || hooknum == NF_IP_POST_ROUTING
306 || hooknum == NF_IP_LOCAL_IN
307 || hooknum == NF_IP_LOCAL_OUT);
308 BUG_ON(ip_nat_initialized(conntrack, maniptype));
310 /* What we've got will look like inverse of reply. Normally
311 this is what is in the conntrack, except for prior
312 manipulations (future optimization: if num_manips == 0,
313 orig_tp =
314 conntrack->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL].tuple) */
315 invert_tuplepr(&curr_tuple,
316 &conntrack->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY].tuple);
318 get_unique_tuple(&new_tuple, &curr_tuple, range, conntrack, maniptype);
320 if (!ip_ct_tuple_equal(&new_tuple, &curr_tuple)) {
321 struct ip_conntrack_tuple reply;
323 /* Alter conntrack table so will recognize replies. */
324 invert_tuplepr(&reply, &new_tuple);
325 ip_conntrack_alter_reply(conntrack, &reply);
327 /* Non-atomic: we own this at the moment. */
328 if (maniptype == IP_NAT_MANIP_SRC)
329 conntrack->status |= IPS_SRC_NAT;
330 else
331 conntrack->status |= IPS_DST_NAT;
334 /* Place in source hash if this is the first time. */
335 if (have_to_hash) {
336 unsigned int srchash
337 = hash_by_src(&conntrack->tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL]
338 .tuple);
339 write_lock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
340 list_add(&info->bysource, &bysource[srchash]);
341 write_unlock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
344 /* It's done. */
345 if (maniptype == IP_NAT_MANIP_DST)
346 set_bit(IPS_DST_NAT_DONE_BIT, &conntrack->status);
347 else
348 set_bit(IPS_SRC_NAT_DONE_BIT, &conntrack->status);
350 return NF_ACCEPT;
352 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_nat_setup_info);
354 /* Returns true if succeeded. */
355 static int
356 manip_pkt(u_int16_t proto,
357 struct sk_buff **pskb,
358 unsigned int iphdroff,
359 const struct ip_conntrack_tuple *target,
360 enum ip_nat_manip_type maniptype)
362 struct iphdr *iph;
363 struct ip_nat_protocol *p;
365 if (!skb_make_writable(pskb, iphdroff + sizeof(*iph)))
366 return 0;
368 iph = (void *)(*pskb)->data + iphdroff;
370 /* Manipulate protcol part. */
371 p = ip_nat_proto_find_get(proto);
372 if (!p->manip_pkt(pskb, iphdroff, target, maniptype)) {
373 ip_nat_proto_put(p);
374 return 0;
376 ip_nat_proto_put(p);
378 iph = (void *)(*pskb)->data + iphdroff;
380 if (maniptype == IP_NAT_MANIP_SRC) {
381 iph->check = ip_nat_cheat_check(~iph->saddr, target->src.ip,
382 iph->check);
383 iph->saddr = target->src.ip;
384 } else {
385 iph->check = ip_nat_cheat_check(~iph->daddr, target->dst.ip,
386 iph->check);
387 iph->daddr = target->dst.ip;
389 return 1;
392 /* Do packet manipulations according to ip_nat_setup_info. */
393 unsigned int ip_nat_packet(struct ip_conntrack *ct,
394 enum ip_conntrack_info ctinfo,
395 unsigned int hooknum,
396 struct sk_buff **pskb)
398 enum ip_conntrack_dir dir = CTINFO2DIR(ctinfo);
399 unsigned long statusbit;
400 enum ip_nat_manip_type mtype = HOOK2MANIP(hooknum);
402 if (mtype == IP_NAT_MANIP_SRC)
403 statusbit = IPS_SRC_NAT;
404 else
405 statusbit = IPS_DST_NAT;
407 /* Invert if this is reply dir. */
408 if (dir == IP_CT_DIR_REPLY)
409 statusbit ^= IPS_NAT_MASK;
411 /* Non-atomic: these bits don't change. */
412 if (ct->status & statusbit) {
413 struct ip_conntrack_tuple target;
415 /* We are aiming to look like inverse of other direction. */
416 invert_tuplepr(&target, &ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple);
418 if (!manip_pkt(target.dst.protonum, pskb, 0, &target, mtype))
419 return NF_DROP;
421 return NF_ACCEPT;
423 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_nat_packet);
425 /* Dir is direction ICMP is coming from (opposite to packet it contains) */
426 int ip_nat_icmp_reply_translation(struct sk_buff **pskb,
427 struct ip_conntrack *ct,
428 enum ip_nat_manip_type manip,
429 enum ip_conntrack_dir dir)
431 struct {
432 struct icmphdr icmp;
433 struct iphdr ip;
434 } *inside;
435 struct ip_conntrack_tuple inner, target;
436 int hdrlen = (*pskb)->nh.iph->ihl * 4;
437 unsigned long statusbit;
439 if (!skb_make_writable(pskb, hdrlen + sizeof(*inside)))
440 return 0;
442 inside = (void *)(*pskb)->data + (*pskb)->nh.iph->ihl*4;
444 /* We're actually going to mangle it beyond trivial checksum
445 adjustment, so make sure the current checksum is correct. */
446 if ((*pskb)->ip_summed != CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY) {
447 hdrlen = (*pskb)->nh.iph->ihl * 4;
448 if ((u16)csum_fold(skb_checksum(*pskb, hdrlen,
449 (*pskb)->len - hdrlen, 0)))
450 return 0;
453 /* Must be RELATED */
454 IP_NF_ASSERT((*pskb)->nfctinfo == IP_CT_RELATED ||
455 (*pskb)->nfctinfo == IP_CT_RELATED+IP_CT_IS_REPLY);
457 /* Redirects on non-null nats must be dropped, else they'll
458 start talking to each other without our translation, and be
459 confused... --RR */
460 if (inside->icmp.type == ICMP_REDIRECT) {
461 /* If NAT isn't finished, assume it and drop. */
462 if ((ct->status & IPS_NAT_DONE_MASK) != IPS_NAT_DONE_MASK)
463 return 0;
465 if (ct->status & IPS_NAT_MASK)
466 return 0;
469 DEBUGP("icmp_reply_translation: translating error %p manp %u dir %s\n",
470 *pskb, manip, dir == IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL ? "ORIG" : "REPLY");
472 if (!ip_ct_get_tuple(&inside->ip, *pskb, (*pskb)->nh.iph->ihl*4 +
473 sizeof(struct icmphdr) + inside->ip.ihl*4,
474 &inner,
475 __ip_conntrack_proto_find(inside->ip.protocol)))
476 return 0;
478 /* Change inner back to look like incoming packet. We do the
479 opposite manip on this hook to normal, because it might not
480 pass all hooks (locally-generated ICMP). Consider incoming
481 packet: PREROUTING (DST manip), routing produces ICMP, goes
482 through POSTROUTING (which must correct the DST manip). */
483 if (!manip_pkt(inside->ip.protocol, pskb,
484 (*pskb)->nh.iph->ihl*4
485 + sizeof(inside->icmp),
486 &ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple,
487 !manip))
488 return 0;
490 /* Reloading "inside" here since manip_pkt inner. */
491 inside = (void *)(*pskb)->data + (*pskb)->nh.iph->ihl*4;
492 inside->icmp.checksum = 0;
493 inside->icmp.checksum = csum_fold(skb_checksum(*pskb, hdrlen,
494 (*pskb)->len - hdrlen,
495 0));
497 /* Change outer to look the reply to an incoming packet
498 * (proto 0 means don't invert per-proto part). */
499 if (manip == IP_NAT_MANIP_SRC)
500 statusbit = IPS_SRC_NAT;
501 else
502 statusbit = IPS_DST_NAT;
504 /* Invert if this is reply dir. */
505 if (dir == IP_CT_DIR_REPLY)
506 statusbit ^= IPS_NAT_MASK;
508 if (ct->status & statusbit) {
509 invert_tuplepr(&target, &ct->tuplehash[!dir].tuple);
510 if (!manip_pkt(0, pskb, 0, &target, manip))
511 return 0;
514 return 1;
516 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_nat_icmp_reply_translation);
518 /* Protocol registration. */
519 int ip_nat_protocol_register(struct ip_nat_protocol *proto)
521 int ret = 0;
523 write_lock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
524 if (ip_nat_protos[proto->protonum] != &ip_nat_unknown_protocol) {
525 ret = -EBUSY;
526 goto out;
528 ip_nat_protos[proto->protonum] = proto;
529 out:
530 write_unlock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
531 return ret;
533 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_nat_protocol_register);
535 /* Noone stores the protocol anywhere; simply delete it. */
536 void ip_nat_protocol_unregister(struct ip_nat_protocol *proto)
538 write_lock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
539 ip_nat_protos[proto->protonum] = &ip_nat_unknown_protocol;
540 write_unlock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
542 /* Someone could be still looking at the proto in a bh. */
543 synchronize_net();
545 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ip_nat_protocol_unregister);
547 #if defined(CONFIG_IP_NF_CONNTRACK_NETLINK) || \
548 defined(CONFIG_IP_NF_CONNTRACK_NETLINK_MODULE)
550 ip_nat_port_range_to_nfattr(struct sk_buff *skb,
551 const struct ip_nat_range *range)
553 NFA_PUT(skb, CTA_PROTONAT_PORT_MIN, sizeof(u_int16_t),
554 &range->min.tcp.port);
555 NFA_PUT(skb, CTA_PROTONAT_PORT_MAX, sizeof(u_int16_t),
556 &range->max.tcp.port);
558 return 0;
560 nfattr_failure:
561 return -1;
565 ip_nat_port_nfattr_to_range(struct nfattr *tb[], struct ip_nat_range *range)
567 int ret = 0;
569 /* we have to return whether we actually parsed something or not */
571 if (tb[CTA_PROTONAT_PORT_MIN-1]) {
572 ret = 1;
573 range->min.tcp.port =
574 *(u_int16_t *)NFA_DATA(tb[CTA_PROTONAT_PORT_MIN-1]);
577 if (!tb[CTA_PROTONAT_PORT_MAX-1]) {
578 if (ret)
579 range->max.tcp.port = range->min.tcp.port;
580 } else {
581 ret = 1;
582 range->max.tcp.port =
583 *(u_int16_t *)NFA_DATA(tb[CTA_PROTONAT_PORT_MAX-1]);
586 return ret;
588 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_nat_port_nfattr_to_range);
589 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ip_nat_port_range_to_nfattr);
590 #endif
592 static int __init ip_nat_init(void)
594 size_t i;
596 /* Leave them the same for the moment. */
597 ip_nat_htable_size = ip_conntrack_htable_size;
599 /* One vmalloc for both hash tables */
600 bysource = vmalloc(sizeof(struct list_head) * ip_nat_htable_size);
601 if (!bysource)
602 return -ENOMEM;
604 /* Sew in builtin protocols. */
605 write_lock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
606 for (i = 0; i < MAX_IP_NAT_PROTO; i++)
607 ip_nat_protos[i] = &ip_nat_unknown_protocol;
608 ip_nat_protos[IPPROTO_TCP] = &ip_nat_protocol_tcp;
609 ip_nat_protos[IPPROTO_UDP] = &ip_nat_protocol_udp;
610 ip_nat_protos[IPPROTO_ICMP] = &ip_nat_protocol_icmp;
611 write_unlock_bh(&ip_nat_lock);
613 for (i = 0; i < ip_nat_htable_size; i++) {
614 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bysource[i]);
617 /* FIXME: Man, this is a hack. <SIGH> */
618 IP_NF_ASSERT(ip_conntrack_destroyed == NULL);
619 ip_conntrack_destroyed = &ip_nat_cleanup_conntrack;
621 /* Initialize fake conntrack so that NAT will skip it */
622 ip_conntrack_untracked.status |= IPS_NAT_DONE_MASK;
623 return 0;
626 /* Clear NAT section of all conntracks, in case we're loaded again. */
627 static int clean_nat(struct ip_conntrack *i, void *data)
629 memset(&i->nat, 0, sizeof(i->nat));
630 i->status &= ~(IPS_NAT_MASK | IPS_NAT_DONE_MASK | IPS_SEQ_ADJUST);
631 return 0;
634 static void __exit ip_nat_cleanup(void)
636 ip_ct_iterate_cleanup(&clean_nat, NULL);
637 ip_conntrack_destroyed = NULL;
638 vfree(bysource);
641 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
643 module_init(ip_nat_init);
644 module_exit(ip_nat_cleanup);