arch/x86/include/asm/rwsem.h

   1 /* rwsem.h: R/W semaphores implemented using XADD/CMPXCHG for i486+
   2  *
   3  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com).
   4  *
   5  * Derived from asm-x86/semaphore.h
   6  *
   7  *
   8  * The MSW of the count is the negated number of active writers and waiting
   9  * lockers, and the LSW is the total number of active locks
  10  *
  11  * The lock count is initialized to 0 (no active and no waiting lockers).
  12  *
  13  * When a writer subtracts WRITE_BIAS, it'll get 0xffff0001 for the case of an
  14  * uncontended lock. This can be determined because XADD returns the old value.
  15  * Readers increment by 1 and see a positive value when uncontended, negative
  16  * if there are writers (and maybe) readers waiting (in which case it goes to
  17  * sleep).
  18  *
  19  * The value of WAITING_BIAS supports up to 32766 waiting processes. This can
  20  * be extended to 65534 by manually checking the whole MSW rather than relying
  21  * on the S flag.
  22  *
  23  * The value of ACTIVE_BIAS supports up to 65535 active processes.
  24  *
  25  * This should be totally fair - if anything is waiting, a process that wants a
  26  * lock will go to the back of the queue. When the currently active lock is
  27  * released, if there's a writer at the front of the queue, then that and only
  28  * that will be woken up; if there's a bunch of consequtive readers at the
  29  * front, then they'll all be woken up, but no other readers will be.
  30  */
  31
  32 #ifndef _ASM_X86_RWSEM_H
  33 #define _ASM_X86_RWSEM_H
  34
  35 #ifndef _LINUX_RWSEM_H
  36 #error "please don't include asm/rwsem.h directly, use linux/rwsem.h instead"
  37 #endif
  38
  39 #ifdef __KERNEL__
  40 #include <asm/asm.h>
  41
  42 /*
  43  * The bias values and the counter type limits the number of
  44  * potential readers/writers to 32767 for 32 bits and 2147483647
  45  * for 64 bits.
  46  */
  47
  48 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
  49 # define RWSEM_ACTIVE_MASK              0xffffffffL
  50 #else
  51 # define RWSEM_ACTIVE_MASK              0x0000ffffL
  52 #endif
  53
  54 #define RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE            0x00000000L
  55 #define RWSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS               0x00000001L
  56 #define RWSEM_WAITING_BIAS              (-RWSEM_ACTIVE_MASK-1)
  57 #define RWSEM_ACTIVE_READ_BIAS          RWSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS
  58 #define RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS         (RWSEM_WAITING_BIAS + RWSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS)
  59
  60 /*
  61  * lock for reading
  62  */
  63 static inline void __down_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
  64 {
  65         asm volatile("# beginning down_read\n\t"
  66                      LOCK_PREFIX _ASM_INC "(%1)\n\t"
  67                      /* adds 0x00000001 */
  68                      "  jns        1f\n"
  69                      "  call call_rwsem_down_read_failed\n"
  70                      "1:\n\t"
  71                      "# ending down_read\n\t"
  72                      : "+m" (sem->count)
  73                      : "a" (sem)
  74                      : "memory", "cc");
  75 }
  76
  77 /*
  78  * trylock for reading -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
  79  */
  80 static inline int __down_read_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
  81 {
  82         long result, tmp;
  83         asm volatile("# beginning __down_read_trylock\n\t"
  84                      "  mov          %0,%1\n\t"
  85                      "1:\n\t"
  86                      "  mov          %1,%2\n\t"
  87                      "  add          %3,%2\n\t"
  88                      "  jle          2f\n\t"
  89                      LOCK_PREFIX "  cmpxchg  %2,%0\n\t"
  90                      "  jnz          1b\n\t"
  91                      "2:\n\t"
  92                      "# ending __down_read_trylock\n\t"
  93                      : "+m" (sem->count), "=&a" (result), "=&r" (tmp)
  94                      : "i" (RWSEM_ACTIVE_READ_BIAS)
  95                      : "memory", "cc");
  96         return result >= 0 ? 1 : 0;
  97 }
  98
  99 /*
 100  * lock for writing
 101  */
 102 static inline void __down_write_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass)
 103 {
 104         long tmp;
 105         asm volatile("# beginning down_write\n\t"
 106                      LOCK_PREFIX "  xadd      %1,(%2)\n\t"
 107                      /* adds 0xffff0001, returns the old value */
 108                      "  test      %1,%1\n\t"
 109                      /* was the count 0 before? */
 110                      "  jz        1f\n"
 111                      "  call call_rwsem_down_write_failed\n"
 112                      "1:\n"
 113                      "# ending down_write"
 114                      : "+m" (sem->count), "=d" (tmp)
 115                      : "a" (sem), "1" (RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS)
 116                      : "memory", "cc");
 117 }
 118
 119 static inline void __down_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 120 {
 121         __down_write_nested(sem, 0);
 122 }
 123
 124 /*
 125  * trylock for writing -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
 126  */
 127 static inline int __down_write_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 128 {
 129         long ret = cmpxchg(&sem->count, RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE,
 130                            RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS);
 131         if (ret == RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE)
 132                 return 1;
 133         return 0;
 134 }
 135
 136 /*
 137  * unlock after reading
 138  */
 139 static inline void __up_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 140 {
 141         long tmp;
 142         asm volatile("# beginning __up_read\n\t"
 143                      LOCK_PREFIX "  xadd      %1,(%2)\n\t"
 144                      /* subtracts 1, returns the old value */
 145                      "  jns        1f\n\t"
 146                      "  call call_rwsem_wake\n" /* expects old value in %edx */
 147                      "1:\n"
 148                      "# ending __up_read\n"
 149                      : "+m" (sem->count), "=d" (tmp)
 150                      : "a" (sem), "1" (-RWSEM_ACTIVE_READ_BIAS)
 151                      : "memory", "cc");
 152 }
 153
 154 /*
 155  * unlock after writing
 156  */
 157 static inline void __up_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 158 {
 159         long tmp;
 160         asm volatile("# beginning __up_write\n\t"
 161                      LOCK_PREFIX "  xadd      %1,(%2)\n\t"
 162                      /* subtracts 0xffff0001, returns the old value */
 163                      "  jns        1f\n\t"
 164                      "  call call_rwsem_wake\n" /* expects old value in %edx */
 165                      "1:\n\t"
 166                      "# ending __up_write\n"
 167                      : "+m" (sem->count), "=d" (tmp)
 168                      : "a" (sem), "1" (-RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS)
 169                      : "memory", "cc");
 170 }
 171
 172 /*
 173  * downgrade write lock to read lock
 174  */
 175 static inline void __downgrade_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 176 {
 177         asm volatile("# beginning __downgrade_write\n\t"
 178                      LOCK_PREFIX _ASM_ADD "%2,(%1)\n\t"
 179                      /*
 180                       * transitions 0xZZZZ0001 -> 0xYYYY0001 (i386)
 181                       *     0xZZZZZZZZ00000001 -> 0xYYYYYYYY00000001 (x86_64)
 182                       */
 183                      "  jns       1f\n\t"
 184                      "  call call_rwsem_downgrade_wake\n"
 185                      "1:\n\t"
 186                      "# ending __downgrade_write\n"
 187                      : "+m" (sem->count)
 188                      : "a" (sem), "er" (-RWSEM_WAITING_BIAS)
 189                      : "memory", "cc");
 190 }
 191
 192 /*
 193  * implement atomic add functionality
 194  */
 195 static inline void rwsem_atomic_add(long delta, struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 196 {
 197         asm volatile(LOCK_PREFIX _ASM_ADD "%1,%0"
 198                      : "+m" (sem->count)
 199                      : "er" (delta));
 200 }
 201
 202 /*
 203  * implement exchange and add functionality
 204  */
 205 static inline long rwsem_atomic_update(long delta, struct rw_semaphore *sem)
 206 {
 207         long tmp = delta;
 208
 209         asm volatile(LOCK_PREFIX "xadd %0,%1"
 210                      : "+r" (tmp), "+m" (sem->count)
 211                      : : "memory");
 212
 213         return tmp + delta;
 214 }
 215
 216 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
 217 #endif /* _ASM_X86_RWSEM_H */