2 * Block driver for media (i.e., flash cards)
4 * Copyright 2002 Hewlett-Packard Company
5 * Copyright 2005-2008 Pierre Ossman
7 * Use consistent with the GNU GPL is permitted,
8 * provided that this copyright notice is
9 * preserved in its entirety in all copies and derived works.
11 * HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
12 * AS TO THE USEFULNESS OR CORRECTNESS OF THIS CODE OR ITS
13 * FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
15 * Many thanks to Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet!
17 * Author: Andrew Christian
20 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
21 #include <linux/module.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/errno.h>
27 #include <linux/hdreg.h>
28 #include <linux/kdev_t.h>
29 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
31 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
32 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
34 #include <linux/mmc/card.h>
35 #include <linux/mmc/host.h>
36 #include <linux/mmc/mmc.h>
37 #include <linux/mmc/sd.h>
39 #include <asm/system.h>
40 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
44 MODULE_ALIAS("mmc:block");
47 * max 8 partitions per card
50 #define MMC_NUM_MINORS (256 >> MMC_SHIFT)
52 static DECLARE_BITMAP(dev_use
, MMC_NUM_MINORS
);
55 * There is one mmc_blk_data per slot.
60 struct mmc_queue queue
;
63 unsigned int read_only
;
66 static DEFINE_MUTEX(open_lock
);
68 static struct mmc_blk_data
*mmc_blk_get(struct gendisk
*disk
)
70 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
;
72 mutex_lock(&open_lock
);
73 md
= disk
->private_data
;
74 if (md
&& md
->usage
== 0)
78 mutex_unlock(&open_lock
);
83 static void mmc_blk_put(struct mmc_blk_data
*md
)
85 mutex_lock(&open_lock
);
88 int devidx
= MINOR(disk_devt(md
->disk
)) >> MMC_SHIFT
;
89 __clear_bit(devidx
, dev_use
);
94 mutex_unlock(&open_lock
);
97 static int mmc_blk_open(struct block_device
*bdev
, fmode_t mode
)
99 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
= mmc_blk_get(bdev
->bd_disk
);
104 check_disk_change(bdev
);
107 if ((mode
& FMODE_WRITE
) && md
->read_only
) {
116 static int mmc_blk_release(struct gendisk
*disk
, fmode_t mode
)
118 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
= disk
->private_data
;
125 mmc_blk_getgeo(struct block_device
*bdev
, struct hd_geometry
*geo
)
127 geo
->cylinders
= get_capacity(bdev
->bd_disk
) / (4 * 16);
133 static const struct block_device_operations mmc_bdops
= {
134 .open
= mmc_blk_open
,
135 .release
= mmc_blk_release
,
136 .getgeo
= mmc_blk_getgeo
,
137 .owner
= THIS_MODULE
,
140 struct mmc_blk_request
{
141 struct mmc_request mrq
;
142 struct mmc_command cmd
;
143 struct mmc_command stop
;
144 struct mmc_data data
;
147 static u32
mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(struct mmc_card
*card
)
153 struct mmc_request mrq
;
154 struct mmc_command cmd
;
155 struct mmc_data data
;
156 unsigned int timeout_us
;
158 struct scatterlist sg
;
160 memset(&cmd
, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command
));
162 cmd
.opcode
= MMC_APP_CMD
;
163 cmd
.arg
= card
->rca
<< 16;
164 cmd
.flags
= MMC_RSP_SPI_R1
| MMC_RSP_R1
| MMC_CMD_AC
;
166 err
= mmc_wait_for_cmd(card
->host
, &cmd
, 0);
169 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card
->host
) && !(cmd
.resp
[0] & R1_APP_CMD
))
172 memset(&cmd
, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command
));
174 cmd
.opcode
= SD_APP_SEND_NUM_WR_BLKS
;
176 cmd
.flags
= MMC_RSP_SPI_R1
| MMC_RSP_R1
| MMC_CMD_ADTC
;
178 memset(&data
, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_data
));
180 data
.timeout_ns
= card
->csd
.tacc_ns
* 100;
181 data
.timeout_clks
= card
->csd
.tacc_clks
* 100;
183 timeout_us
= data
.timeout_ns
/ 1000;
184 timeout_us
+= data
.timeout_clks
* 1000 /
185 (card
->host
->ios
.clock
/ 1000);
187 if (timeout_us
> 100000) {
188 data
.timeout_ns
= 100000000;
189 data
.timeout_clks
= 0;
194 data
.flags
= MMC_DATA_READ
;
198 memset(&mrq
, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_request
));
203 blocks
= kmalloc(4, GFP_KERNEL
);
207 sg_init_one(&sg
, blocks
, 4);
209 mmc_wait_for_req(card
->host
, &mrq
);
211 result
= ntohl(*blocks
);
214 if (cmd
.error
|| data
.error
)
220 static u32
get_card_status(struct mmc_card
*card
, struct request
*req
)
222 struct mmc_command cmd
;
225 memset(&cmd
, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_command
));
226 cmd
.opcode
= MMC_SEND_STATUS
;
227 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card
->host
))
228 cmd
.arg
= card
->rca
<< 16;
229 cmd
.flags
= MMC_RSP_SPI_R2
| MMC_RSP_R1
| MMC_CMD_AC
;
230 err
= mmc_wait_for_cmd(card
->host
, &cmd
, 0);
232 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: error %d sending status comand",
233 req
->rq_disk
->disk_name
, err
);
237 static int mmc_blk_issue_rq(struct mmc_queue
*mq
, struct request
*req
)
239 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
= mq
->data
;
240 struct mmc_card
*card
= md
->queue
.card
;
241 struct mmc_blk_request brq
;
242 int ret
= 1, disable_multi
= 0;
244 mmc_claim_host(card
->host
);
247 struct mmc_command cmd
;
248 u32 readcmd
, writecmd
, status
= 0;
250 memset(&brq
, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_blk_request
));
251 brq
.mrq
.cmd
= &brq
.cmd
;
252 brq
.mrq
.data
= &brq
.data
;
254 brq
.cmd
.arg
= blk_rq_pos(req
);
255 if (!mmc_card_blockaddr(card
))
257 brq
.cmd
.flags
= MMC_RSP_SPI_R1
| MMC_RSP_R1
| MMC_CMD_ADTC
;
258 brq
.data
.blksz
= 512;
259 brq
.stop
.opcode
= MMC_STOP_TRANSMISSION
;
261 brq
.stop
.flags
= MMC_RSP_SPI_R1B
| MMC_RSP_R1B
| MMC_CMD_AC
;
262 brq
.data
.blocks
= blk_rq_sectors(req
);
265 * The block layer doesn't support all sector count
266 * restrictions, so we need to be prepared for too big
269 if (brq
.data
.blocks
> card
->host
->max_blk_count
)
270 brq
.data
.blocks
= card
->host
->max_blk_count
;
273 * After a read error, we redo the request one sector at a time
274 * in order to accurately determine which sectors can be read
277 if (disable_multi
&& brq
.data
.blocks
> 1)
280 if (brq
.data
.blocks
> 1) {
281 /* SPI multiblock writes terminate using a special
282 * token, not a STOP_TRANSMISSION request.
284 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card
->host
)
285 || rq_data_dir(req
) == READ
)
286 brq
.mrq
.stop
= &brq
.stop
;
287 readcmd
= MMC_READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK
;
288 writecmd
= MMC_WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK
;
291 readcmd
= MMC_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK
;
292 writecmd
= MMC_WRITE_BLOCK
;
295 if (rq_data_dir(req
) == READ
) {
296 brq
.cmd
.opcode
= readcmd
;
297 brq
.data
.flags
|= MMC_DATA_READ
;
299 brq
.cmd
.opcode
= writecmd
;
300 brq
.data
.flags
|= MMC_DATA_WRITE
;
303 mmc_set_data_timeout(&brq
.data
, card
);
305 brq
.data
.sg
= mq
->sg
;
306 brq
.data
.sg_len
= mmc_queue_map_sg(mq
);
309 * Adjust the sg list so it is the same size as the
312 if (brq
.data
.blocks
!= blk_rq_sectors(req
)) {
313 int i
, data_size
= brq
.data
.blocks
<< 9;
314 struct scatterlist
*sg
;
316 for_each_sg(brq
.data
.sg
, sg
, brq
.data
.sg_len
, i
) {
317 data_size
-= sg
->length
;
318 if (data_size
<= 0) {
319 sg
->length
+= data_size
;
327 mmc_queue_bounce_pre(mq
);
329 mmc_wait_for_req(card
->host
, &brq
.mrq
);
331 mmc_queue_bounce_post(mq
);
334 * Check for errors here, but don't jump to cmd_err
335 * until later as we need to wait for the card to leave
336 * programming mode even when things go wrong.
338 if (brq
.cmd
.error
|| brq
.data
.error
|| brq
.stop
.error
) {
339 if (brq
.data
.blocks
> 1 && rq_data_dir(req
) == READ
) {
340 /* Redo read one sector at a time */
341 printk(KERN_WARNING
"%s: retrying using single "
342 "block read\n", req
->rq_disk
->disk_name
);
346 status
= get_card_status(card
, req
);
350 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: error %d sending read/write "
351 "command, response %#x, card status %#x\n",
352 req
->rq_disk
->disk_name
, brq
.cmd
.error
,
353 brq
.cmd
.resp
[0], status
);
356 if (brq
.data
.error
) {
357 if (brq
.data
.error
== -ETIMEDOUT
&& brq
.mrq
.stop
)
358 /* 'Stop' response contains card status */
359 status
= brq
.mrq
.stop
->resp
[0];
360 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: error %d transferring data,"
361 " sector %u, nr %u, card status %#x\n",
362 req
->rq_disk
->disk_name
, brq
.data
.error
,
363 (unsigned)blk_rq_pos(req
),
364 (unsigned)blk_rq_sectors(req
), status
);
367 if (brq
.stop
.error
) {
368 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: error %d sending stop command, "
369 "response %#x, card status %#x\n",
370 req
->rq_disk
->disk_name
, brq
.stop
.error
,
371 brq
.stop
.resp
[0], status
);
374 if (!mmc_host_is_spi(card
->host
) && rq_data_dir(req
) != READ
) {
378 cmd
.opcode
= MMC_SEND_STATUS
;
379 cmd
.arg
= card
->rca
<< 16;
380 cmd
.flags
= MMC_RSP_R1
| MMC_CMD_AC
;
381 err
= mmc_wait_for_cmd(card
->host
, &cmd
, 5);
383 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: error %d requesting status\n",
384 req
->rq_disk
->disk_name
, err
);
388 * Some cards mishandle the status bits,
389 * so make sure to check both the busy
390 * indication and the card state.
392 } while (!(cmd
.resp
[0] & R1_READY_FOR_DATA
) ||
393 (R1_CURRENT_STATE(cmd
.resp
[0]) == 7));
396 if (cmd
.resp
[0] & ~0x00000900)
397 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: status = %08x\n",
398 req
->rq_disk
->disk_name
, cmd
.resp
[0]);
399 if (mmc_decode_status(cmd
.resp
))
404 if (brq
.cmd
.error
|| brq
.stop
.error
|| brq
.data
.error
) {
405 if (rq_data_dir(req
) == READ
) {
407 * After an error, we redo I/O one sector at a
408 * time, so we only reach here after trying to
409 * read a single sector.
411 spin_lock_irq(&md
->lock
);
412 ret
= __blk_end_request(req
, -EIO
, brq
.data
.blksz
);
413 spin_unlock_irq(&md
->lock
);
420 * A block was successfully transferred.
422 spin_lock_irq(&md
->lock
);
423 ret
= __blk_end_request(req
, 0, brq
.data
.bytes_xfered
);
424 spin_unlock_irq(&md
->lock
);
427 mmc_release_host(card
->host
);
433 * If this is an SD card and we're writing, we can first
434 * mark the known good sectors as ok.
436 * If the card is not SD, we can still ok written sectors
437 * as reported by the controller (which might be less than
438 * the real number of written sectors, but never more).
440 if (mmc_card_sd(card
)) {
443 blocks
= mmc_sd_num_wr_blocks(card
);
444 if (blocks
!= (u32
)-1) {
445 spin_lock_irq(&md
->lock
);
446 ret
= __blk_end_request(req
, 0, blocks
<< 9);
447 spin_unlock_irq(&md
->lock
);
450 spin_lock_irq(&md
->lock
);
451 ret
= __blk_end_request(req
, 0, brq
.data
.bytes_xfered
);
452 spin_unlock_irq(&md
->lock
);
455 mmc_release_host(card
->host
);
457 spin_lock_irq(&md
->lock
);
459 ret
= __blk_end_request(req
, -EIO
, blk_rq_cur_bytes(req
));
460 spin_unlock_irq(&md
->lock
);
466 static inline int mmc_blk_readonly(struct mmc_card
*card
)
468 return mmc_card_readonly(card
) ||
469 !(card
->csd
.cmdclass
& CCC_BLOCK_WRITE
);
472 static struct mmc_blk_data
*mmc_blk_alloc(struct mmc_card
*card
)
474 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
;
477 devidx
= find_first_zero_bit(dev_use
, MMC_NUM_MINORS
);
478 if (devidx
>= MMC_NUM_MINORS
)
479 return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC
);
480 __set_bit(devidx
, dev_use
);
482 md
= kzalloc(sizeof(struct mmc_blk_data
), GFP_KERNEL
);
490 * Set the read-only status based on the supported commands
491 * and the write protect switch.
493 md
->read_only
= mmc_blk_readonly(card
);
495 md
->disk
= alloc_disk(1 << MMC_SHIFT
);
496 if (md
->disk
== NULL
) {
501 spin_lock_init(&md
->lock
);
504 ret
= mmc_init_queue(&md
->queue
, card
, &md
->lock
);
508 md
->queue
.issue_fn
= mmc_blk_issue_rq
;
511 md
->disk
->major
= MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR
;
512 md
->disk
->first_minor
= devidx
<< MMC_SHIFT
;
513 md
->disk
->fops
= &mmc_bdops
;
514 md
->disk
->private_data
= md
;
515 md
->disk
->queue
= md
->queue
.queue
;
516 md
->disk
->driverfs_dev
= &card
->dev
;
519 * As discussed on lkml, GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE should:
521 * - be set for removable media with permanent block devices
522 * - be unset for removable block devices with permanent media
524 * Since MMC block devices clearly fall under the second
525 * case, we do not set GENHD_FL_REMOVABLE. Userspace
526 * should use the block device creation/destruction hotplug
527 * messages to tell when the card is present.
530 sprintf(md
->disk
->disk_name
, "mmcblk%d", devidx
);
532 blk_queue_logical_block_size(md
->queue
.queue
, 512);
534 if (!mmc_card_sd(card
) && mmc_card_blockaddr(card
)) {
536 * The EXT_CSD sector count is in number or 512 byte
539 set_capacity(md
->disk
, card
->ext_csd
.sectors
);
542 * The CSD capacity field is in units of read_blkbits.
543 * set_capacity takes units of 512 bytes.
545 set_capacity(md
->disk
,
546 card
->csd
.capacity
<< (card
->csd
.read_blkbits
- 9));
559 mmc_blk_set_blksize(struct mmc_blk_data
*md
, struct mmc_card
*card
)
561 struct mmc_command cmd
;
564 /* Block-addressed cards ignore MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN. */
565 if (mmc_card_blockaddr(card
))
568 mmc_claim_host(card
->host
);
569 cmd
.opcode
= MMC_SET_BLOCKLEN
;
571 cmd
.flags
= MMC_RSP_SPI_R1
| MMC_RSP_R1
| MMC_CMD_AC
;
572 err
= mmc_wait_for_cmd(card
->host
, &cmd
, 5);
573 mmc_release_host(card
->host
);
576 printk(KERN_ERR
"%s: unable to set block size to %d: %d\n",
577 md
->disk
->disk_name
, cmd
.arg
, err
);
584 static int mmc_blk_probe(struct mmc_card
*card
)
586 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
;
592 * Check that the card supports the command class(es) we need.
594 if (!(card
->csd
.cmdclass
& CCC_BLOCK_READ
))
597 md
= mmc_blk_alloc(card
);
601 err
= mmc_blk_set_blksize(md
, card
);
605 string_get_size((u64
)get_capacity(md
->disk
) << 9, STRING_UNITS_2
,
606 cap_str
, sizeof(cap_str
));
607 printk(KERN_INFO
"%s: %s %s %s %s\n",
608 md
->disk
->disk_name
, mmc_card_id(card
), mmc_card_name(card
),
609 cap_str
, md
->read_only
? "(ro)" : "");
611 mmc_set_drvdata(card
, md
);
621 static void mmc_blk_remove(struct mmc_card
*card
)
623 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
= mmc_get_drvdata(card
);
626 /* Stop new requests from getting into the queue */
627 del_gendisk(md
->disk
);
629 /* Then flush out any already in there */
630 mmc_cleanup_queue(&md
->queue
);
634 mmc_set_drvdata(card
, NULL
);
638 static int mmc_blk_suspend(struct mmc_card
*card
, pm_message_t state
)
640 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
= mmc_get_drvdata(card
);
643 mmc_queue_suspend(&md
->queue
);
648 static int mmc_blk_resume(struct mmc_card
*card
)
650 struct mmc_blk_data
*md
= mmc_get_drvdata(card
);
653 mmc_blk_set_blksize(md
, card
);
654 mmc_queue_resume(&md
->queue
);
659 #define mmc_blk_suspend NULL
660 #define mmc_blk_resume NULL
663 static struct mmc_driver mmc_driver
= {
667 .probe
= mmc_blk_probe
,
668 .remove
= mmc_blk_remove
,
669 .suspend
= mmc_blk_suspend
,
670 .resume
= mmc_blk_resume
,
673 static int __init
mmc_blk_init(void)
677 res
= register_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR
, "mmc");
681 res
= mmc_register_driver(&mmc_driver
);
687 unregister_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR
, "mmc");
692 static void __exit
mmc_blk_exit(void)
694 mmc_unregister_driver(&mmc_driver
);
695 unregister_blkdev(MMC_BLOCK_MAJOR
, "mmc");
698 module_init(mmc_blk_init
);
699 module_exit(mmc_blk_exit
);
701 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
702 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Multimedia Card (MMC) block device driver");