2 * Kprobe module for testing crash dumps
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7 * (at your option) any later version.
9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
18 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2006
20 * Author: Ankita Garg <ankita@in.ibm.com>
22 * This module induces system failures at predefined crashpoints to
23 * evaluate the reliability of crash dumps obtained using different dumping
26 * It is adapted from the Linux Kernel Dump Test Tool by
27 * Fernando Luis Vazquez Cao <http://lkdtt.sourceforge.net>
29 * Debugfs support added by Simon Kagstrom <simon.kagstrom@netinsight.net>
31 * See Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt for instructions
34 #include <linux/kernel.h>
36 #include <linux/module.h>
37 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
38 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
39 #include <linux/list.h>
40 #include <linux/init.h>
41 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
42 #include <linux/hrtimer.h>
43 #include <linux/slab.h>
44 #include <scsi/scsi_cmnd.h>
45 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
46 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
49 #include <linux/ide.h>
52 #define DEFAULT_COUNT 10
53 #define REC_NUM_DEFAULT 10
58 CN_INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY
,
78 CT_UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE
,
79 CT_OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION
,
91 static char* cp_name
[] = {
103 static char* cp_type
[] = {
111 "UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE",
112 "OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION",
124 static struct jprobe lkdtm
;
126 static int lkdtm_parse_commandline(void);
127 static void lkdtm_handler(void);
129 static char* cpoint_name
;
130 static char* cpoint_type
;
131 static int cpoint_count
= DEFAULT_COUNT
;
132 static int recur_count
= REC_NUM_DEFAULT
;
134 static enum cname cpoint
= CN_INVALID
;
135 static enum ctype cptype
= CT_NONE
;
136 static int count
= DEFAULT_COUNT
;
137 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(count_lock
);
138 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(lock_me_up
);
140 static u8 data_area
[EXEC_SIZE
];
142 module_param(recur_count
, int, 0644);
143 MODULE_PARM_DESC(recur_count
, " Recursion level for the stack overflow test, "\
145 module_param(cpoint_name
, charp
, 0444);
146 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cpoint_name
, " Crash Point, where kernel is to be crashed");
147 module_param(cpoint_type
, charp
, 0444);
148 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cpoint_type
, " Crash Point Type, action to be taken on "\
149 "hitting the crash point");
150 module_param(cpoint_count
, int, 0644);
151 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cpoint_count
, " Crash Point Count, number of times the "\
152 "crash point is to be hit to trigger action");
154 static unsigned int jp_do_irq(unsigned int irq
)
161 static irqreturn_t
jp_handle_irq_event(unsigned int irq
,
162 struct irqaction
*action
)
169 static void jp_tasklet_action(struct softirq_action
*a
)
175 static void jp_ll_rw_block(int rw
, int nr
, struct buffer_head
*bhs
[])
183 static unsigned long jp_shrink_inactive_list(unsigned long max_scan
,
185 struct scan_control
*sc
)
192 static int jp_hrtimer_start(struct hrtimer
*timer
, ktime_t tim
,
193 const enum hrtimer_mode mode
)
200 static int jp_scsi_dispatch_cmd(struct scsi_cmnd
*cmd
)
208 int jp_generic_ide_ioctl(ide_drive_t
*drive
, struct file
*file
,
209 struct block_device
*bdev
, unsigned int cmd
,
218 /* Return the crashpoint number or NONE if the name is invalid */
219 static enum ctype
parse_cp_type(const char *what
, size_t count
)
223 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(cp_type
); i
++) {
224 if (!strcmp(what
, cp_type
[i
]))
231 static const char *cp_type_to_str(enum ctype type
)
233 if (type
== CT_NONE
|| type
< 0 || type
> ARRAY_SIZE(cp_type
))
236 return cp_type
[type
- 1];
239 static const char *cp_name_to_str(enum cname name
)
241 if (name
== CN_INVALID
|| name
< 0 || name
> ARRAY_SIZE(cp_name
))
244 return cp_name
[name
- 1];
248 static int lkdtm_parse_commandline(void)
253 if (cpoint_count
< 1 || recur_count
< 1)
256 spin_lock_irqsave(&count_lock
, flags
);
257 count
= cpoint_count
;
258 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&count_lock
, flags
);
260 /* No special parameters */
261 if (!cpoint_type
&& !cpoint_name
)
264 /* Neither or both of these need to be set */
265 if (!cpoint_type
|| !cpoint_name
)
268 cptype
= parse_cp_type(cpoint_type
, strlen(cpoint_type
));
269 if (cptype
== CT_NONE
)
272 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(cp_name
); i
++) {
273 if (!strcmp(cpoint_name
, cp_name
[i
])) {
279 /* Could not find a valid crash point */
283 static int recursive_loop(int a
)
287 memset(buf
,0xFF,1024);
292 return recursive_loop(a
);
295 static void do_nothing(void)
300 static noinline
void corrupt_stack(void)
302 /* Use default char array length that triggers stack protection. */
305 memset((void *)data
, 0, 64);
308 static void execute_location(void *dst
)
310 void (*func
)(void) = dst
;
312 memcpy(dst
, do_nothing
, EXEC_SIZE
);
316 static void lkdtm_do_action(enum ctype which
)
336 (void) recursive_loop(0);
338 case CT_CORRUPT_STACK
:
341 case CT_UNALIGNED_LOAD_STORE_WRITE
: {
342 static u8 data
[5] __attribute__((aligned(4))) = {1, 2,
345 u32 val
= 0x12345678;
347 p
= (u32
*)(data
+ 1);
353 case CT_OVERWRITE_ALLOCATION
: {
355 u32
*data
= kmalloc(len
, GFP_KERNEL
);
357 data
[1024 / sizeof(u32
)] = 0x12345678;
361 case CT_WRITE_AFTER_FREE
: {
363 u32
*data
= kmalloc(len
, GFP_KERNEL
);
367 memset(data
, 0x78, len
);
381 /* Must be called twice to trigger. */
382 spin_lock(&lock_me_up
);
385 set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE
);
389 execute_location(data_area
);
391 case CT_EXEC_STACK
: {
392 u8 stack_area
[EXEC_SIZE
];
393 execute_location(stack_area
);
396 case CT_EXEC_KMALLOC
: {
397 u32
*kmalloc_area
= kmalloc(EXEC_SIZE
, GFP_KERNEL
);
398 execute_location(kmalloc_area
);
402 case CT_EXEC_VMALLOC
: {
403 u32
*vmalloc_area
= vmalloc(EXEC_SIZE
);
404 execute_location(vmalloc_area
);
415 static void lkdtm_handler(void)
420 spin_lock_irqsave(&count_lock
, flags
);
422 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Crash point %s of type %s hit, trigger in %d rounds\n",
423 cp_name_to_str(cpoint
), cp_type_to_str(cptype
), count
);
427 count
= cpoint_count
;
429 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&count_lock
, flags
);
432 lkdtm_do_action(cptype
);
435 static int lkdtm_register_cpoint(enum cname which
)
440 if (lkdtm
.entry
!= NULL
)
441 unregister_jprobe(&lkdtm
);
445 lkdtm_do_action(cptype
);
447 case CN_INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY
:
448 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "do_IRQ";
449 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_do_irq
;
451 case CN_INT_HW_IRQ_EN
:
452 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "handle_IRQ_event";
453 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_handle_irq_event
;
455 case CN_INT_TASKLET_ENTRY
:
456 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "tasklet_action";
457 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_tasklet_action
;
460 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "ll_rw_block";
461 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_ll_rw_block
;
464 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "shrink_inactive_list";
465 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_shrink_inactive_list
;
468 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "hrtimer_start";
469 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_hrtimer_start
;
471 case CN_SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD
:
472 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "scsi_dispatch_cmd";
473 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_scsi_dispatch_cmd
;
477 lkdtm
.kp
.symbol_name
= "generic_ide_ioctl";
478 lkdtm
.entry
= (kprobe_opcode_t
*) jp_generic_ide_ioctl
;
480 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Crash point not available\n");
485 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Invalid Crash Point\n");
490 if ((ret
= register_jprobe(&lkdtm
)) < 0) {
491 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Couldn't register jprobe\n");
498 static ssize_t
do_register_entry(enum cname which
, struct file
*f
,
499 const char __user
*user_buf
, size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
504 if (count
>= PAGE_SIZE
)
507 buf
= (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL
);
510 if (copy_from_user(buf
, user_buf
, count
)) {
511 free_page((unsigned long) buf
);
514 /* NULL-terminate and remove enter */
518 cptype
= parse_cp_type(buf
, count
);
519 free_page((unsigned long) buf
);
521 if (cptype
== CT_NONE
)
524 err
= lkdtm_register_cpoint(which
);
533 /* Generic read callback that just prints out the available crash types */
534 static ssize_t
lkdtm_debugfs_read(struct file
*f
, char __user
*user_buf
,
535 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
540 buf
= (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL
);
544 n
= snprintf(buf
, PAGE_SIZE
, "Available crash types:\n");
545 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(cp_type
); i
++)
546 n
+= snprintf(buf
+ n
, PAGE_SIZE
- n
, "%s\n", cp_type
[i
]);
549 out
= simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf
, count
, off
,
551 free_page((unsigned long) buf
);
556 static int lkdtm_debugfs_open(struct inode
*inode
, struct file
*file
)
562 static ssize_t
int_hardware_entry(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*buf
,
563 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
565 return do_register_entry(CN_INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
568 static ssize_t
int_hw_irq_en(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*buf
,
569 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
571 return do_register_entry(CN_INT_HW_IRQ_EN
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
574 static ssize_t
int_tasklet_entry(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*buf
,
575 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
577 return do_register_entry(CN_INT_TASKLET_ENTRY
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
580 static ssize_t
fs_devrw_entry(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*buf
,
581 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
583 return do_register_entry(CN_FS_DEVRW
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
586 static ssize_t
mem_swapout_entry(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*buf
,
587 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
589 return do_register_entry(CN_MEM_SWAPOUT
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
592 static ssize_t
timeradd_entry(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*buf
,
593 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
595 return do_register_entry(CN_TIMERADD
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
598 static ssize_t
scsi_dispatch_cmd_entry(struct file
*f
,
599 const char __user
*buf
, size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
601 return do_register_entry(CN_SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
604 static ssize_t
ide_core_cp_entry(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*buf
,
605 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
607 return do_register_entry(CN_IDE_CORE_CP
, f
, buf
, count
, off
);
610 /* Special entry to just crash directly. Available without KPROBEs */
611 static ssize_t
direct_entry(struct file
*f
, const char __user
*user_buf
,
612 size_t count
, loff_t
*off
)
617 if (count
>= PAGE_SIZE
)
622 buf
= (char *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL
);
625 if (copy_from_user(buf
, user_buf
, count
)) {
626 free_page((unsigned long) buf
);
629 /* NULL-terminate and remove enter */
633 type
= parse_cp_type(buf
, count
);
634 free_page((unsigned long) buf
);
638 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Performing direct entry %s\n",
639 cp_type_to_str(type
));
640 lkdtm_do_action(type
);
648 const struct file_operations fops
;
651 static const struct crash_entry crash_entries
[] = {
652 {"DIRECT", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
653 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
654 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
655 .write
= direct_entry
} },
656 {"INT_HARDWARE_ENTRY", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
657 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
658 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
659 .write
= int_hardware_entry
} },
660 {"INT_HW_IRQ_EN", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
661 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
662 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
663 .write
= int_hw_irq_en
} },
664 {"INT_TASKLET_ENTRY", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
665 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
666 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
667 .write
= int_tasklet_entry
} },
668 {"FS_DEVRW", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
669 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
670 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
671 .write
= fs_devrw_entry
} },
672 {"MEM_SWAPOUT", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
673 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
674 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
675 .write
= mem_swapout_entry
} },
676 {"TIMERADD", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
677 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
678 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
679 .write
= timeradd_entry
} },
680 {"SCSI_DISPATCH_CMD", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
681 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
682 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
683 .write
= scsi_dispatch_cmd_entry
} },
684 {"IDE_CORE_CP", {.read
= lkdtm_debugfs_read
,
685 .llseek
= generic_file_llseek
,
686 .open
= lkdtm_debugfs_open
,
687 .write
= ide_core_cp_entry
} },
690 static struct dentry
*lkdtm_debugfs_root
;
692 static int __init
lkdtm_module_init(void)
695 int n_debugfs_entries
= 1; /* Assume only the direct entry */
698 /* Register debugfs interface */
699 lkdtm_debugfs_root
= debugfs_create_dir("provoke-crash", NULL
);
700 if (!lkdtm_debugfs_root
) {
701 printk(KERN_ERR
"lkdtm: creating root dir failed\n");
705 #ifdef CONFIG_KPROBES
706 n_debugfs_entries
= ARRAY_SIZE(crash_entries
);
709 for (i
= 0; i
< n_debugfs_entries
; i
++) {
710 const struct crash_entry
*cur
= &crash_entries
[i
];
713 de
= debugfs_create_file(cur
->name
, 0644, lkdtm_debugfs_root
,
716 printk(KERN_ERR
"lkdtm: could not create %s\n",
722 if (lkdtm_parse_commandline() == -EINVAL
) {
723 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Invalid command\n");
727 if (cpoint
!= CN_INVALID
&& cptype
!= CT_NONE
) {
728 ret
= lkdtm_register_cpoint(cpoint
);
730 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Invalid crash point %d\n",
734 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Crash point %s of type %s registered\n",
735 cpoint_name
, cpoint_type
);
737 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: No crash points registered, enable through debugfs\n");
743 debugfs_remove_recursive(lkdtm_debugfs_root
);
747 static void __exit
lkdtm_module_exit(void)
749 debugfs_remove_recursive(lkdtm_debugfs_root
);
751 unregister_jprobe(&lkdtm
);
752 printk(KERN_INFO
"lkdtm: Crash point unregistered\n");
755 module_init(lkdtm_module_init
);
756 module_exit(lkdtm_module_exit
);
758 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");