1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
6 This document attempts to describe the on-disk format for ext4
7 filesystems. The same general ideas should apply to ext2/3 filesystems
8 as well, though they do not support all the features that ext4 supports,
9 and the fields will be shorter.
11 **NOTE**: This is a work in progress, based on notes that the author
12 (djwong) made while picking apart a filesystem by hand. The data
13 structure definitions should be current as of Linux 4.18 and
14 e2fsprogs-1.44. All comments and corrections are welcome, since there is
15 undoubtedly plenty of lore that might not be reflected in freshly
16 created demonstration filesystems.
20 This book is licensed under the terms of the GNU Public License, v2.
25 ext4 divides a storage device into an array of logical blocks both to
26 reduce bookkeeping overhead and to increase throughput by forcing larger
27 transfer sizes. Generally, the block size will be 4KiB (the same size as
28 pages on x86 and the block layer's default block size), though the
29 actual size is calculated as 2 ^ (10 + ``sb.s_log_block_size``) bytes.
30 Throughout this document, disk locations are given in terms of these
31 logical blocks, not raw LBAs, and not 1024-byte blocks. For the sake of
32 convenience, the logical block size will be referred to as
33 ``$block_size`` throughout the rest of the document.
35 When referenced in ``preformatted text`` blocks, ``sb`` refers to fields
36 in the super block, and ``inode`` refers to fields in an inode table
42 Also see http://www.nongnu.org/ext2-doc/ for quite a collection of
43 information about ext2/3. Here's another old reference:
44 http://wiki.osdev.org/Ext2