1 CPU frequency and voltage scaling code in the Linux(TM) kernel
4 L i n u x C P U F r e q
9 Dominik Brodowski <linux@brodo.de>
13 Clock scaling allows you to change the clock speed of the CPUs on the
14 fly. This is a nice method to save battery power, because the lower
15 the clock speed, the less power the CPU consumes.
20 1. Supported Architectures and Processors
28 2. "Policy" / "Governor"?
32 3. How to change the CPU cpufreq policy and/or speed
33 3.1 Preferred interface: sysfs
34 3.2 Deprecated interfaces
38 1. Supported Architectures and Processors
39 =========================================
44 The following ARM processors are supported by cpufreq:
55 The following processors for the x86 architecture are supported by cpufreq:
57 AMD Elan - SC400, SC410
65 Intel mobile PIII and Intel mobile PIII-M on certain chipsets
66 Intel Pentium 4, Intel Xeon
67 Intel Pentium M (Centrino)
68 National Semiconductors Geode GX
72 various processors on some ACPI 2.0-compatible systems [*]
74 [*] Only if "ACPI Processor Performance States" are available
75 to the ACPI<->BIOS interface.
81 The following processors for the sparc64 architecture are supported by
90 Several "PowerBook" and "iBook2" notebooks are supported.
96 The following SuperH processors are supported by cpufreq:
104 The following Blackfin processors are supported by cpufreq:
106 BF522, BF523, BF524, BF525, BF526, BF527, Rev 0.1 or higher
107 BF531, BF532, BF533, Rev 0.3 or higher
108 BF534, BF536, BF537, Rev 0.2 or higher
109 BF561, Rev 0.3 or higher
110 BF542, BF544, BF547, BF548, BF549, Rev 0.1 or higher
113 2. "Policy" / "Governor" ?
114 ==========================
116 Some CPU frequency scaling-capable processor switch between various
117 frequencies and operating voltages "on the fly" without any kernel or
118 user involvement. This guarantees very fast switching to a frequency
119 which is high enough to serve the user's needs, but low enough to save
126 On these systems, all you can do is select the lower and upper
127 frequency limit as well as whether you want more aggressive
128 power-saving or more instantly available processing power.
134 On all other cpufreq implementations, these boundaries still need to
135 be set. Then, a "governor" must be selected. Such a "governor" decides
136 what speed the processor shall run within the boundaries. One such
137 "governor" is the "userspace" governor. This one allows the user - or
138 a yet-to-implement userspace program - to decide what specific speed
139 the processor shall run at.
142 3. How to change the CPU cpufreq policy and/or speed
143 ====================================================
145 3.1 Preferred Interface: sysfs
146 ------------------------------
148 The preferred interface is located in the sysfs filesystem. If you
149 mounted it at /sys, the cpufreq interface is located in a subdirectory
150 "cpufreq" within the cpu-device directory
151 (e.g. /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ for the first CPU).
153 cpuinfo_min_freq : this file shows the minimum operating
154 frequency the processor can run at(in kHz)
155 cpuinfo_max_freq : this file shows the maximum operating
156 frequency the processor can run at(in kHz)
157 scaling_driver : this file shows what cpufreq driver is
158 used to set the frequency on this CPU
160 scaling_available_governors : this file shows the CPUfreq governors
161 available in this kernel. You can see the
162 currently activated governor in
164 scaling_governor, and by "echoing" the name of another
165 governor you can change it. Please note
166 that some governors won't load - they only
167 work on some specific architectures or
170 cpuinfo_cur_freq : Current speed of the CPU, in KHz.
172 scaling_available_frequencies : List of available frequencies, in KHz.
175 scaling_max_freq show the current "policy limits" (in
176 kHz). By echoing new values into these
177 files, you can change these limits.
178 NOTE: when setting a policy you need to
179 first set scaling_max_freq, then
182 affected_cpus : List of CPUs that require software coordination
185 related_cpus : List of CPUs that need some sort of frequency
186 coordination, whether software or hardware.
188 scaling_driver : Hardware driver for cpufreq.
190 scaling_cur_freq : Current frequency of the CPU, in KHz.
192 If you have selected the "userspace" governor which allows you to
193 set the CPU operating frequency to a specific value, you can read out
194 the current frequency in
196 scaling_setspeed. By "echoing" a new frequency into this
197 you can change the speed of the CPU,
198 but only within the limits of
199 scaling_min_freq and scaling_max_freq.
202 3.2 Deprecated Interfaces
203 -------------------------
205 Depending on your kernel configuration, you might find the following
206 cpufreq-related files:
208 /proc/sys/cpu/*/speed
209 /proc/sys/cpu/*/speed-min
210 /proc/sys/cpu/*/speed-max
212 These are files for deprecated interfaces to cpufreq, which offer far
213 less functionality. Because of this, these interfaces aren't described