drivers/mtd/tests/torturetest.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2 /*
   3  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Artem Bityutskiy
   4  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Jarkko Lavinen
   5  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Adrian Hunter
   6  *
   7  * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adria Hunter
   8  *
   9  * WARNING: this test program may kill your flash and your device. Do not
  10  * use it unless you know what you do. Authors are not responsible for any
  11  * damage caused by this program.
  12  */
  13
  14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
  15
  16 #include <linux/init.h>
  17 #include <linux/ktime.h>
  18 #include <linux/module.h>
  19 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
  20 #include <linux/err.h>
  21 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
  22 #include <linux/slab.h>
  23 #include <linux/sched.h>
  24 #include "mtd_test.h"
  25
  26 #define RETRIES 3
  27
  28 static int eb = 8;
  29 module_param(eb, int, S_IRUGO);
  30 MODULE_PARM_DESC(eb, "eraseblock number within the selected MTD device");
  31
  32 static int ebcnt = 32;
  33 module_param(ebcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
  34 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ebcnt, "number of consecutive eraseblocks to torture");
  35
  36 static int pgcnt;
  37 module_param(pgcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
  38 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pgcnt, "number of pages per eraseblock to torture (0 => all)");
  39
  40 static int dev = -EINVAL;
  41 module_param(dev, int, S_IRUGO);
  42 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dev, "MTD device number to use");
  43
  44 static int gran = 512;
  45 module_param(gran, int, S_IRUGO);
  46 MODULE_PARM_DESC(gran, "how often the status information should be printed");
  47
  48 static int check = 1;
  49 module_param(check, int, S_IRUGO);
  50 MODULE_PARM_DESC(check, "if the written data should be checked");
  51
  52 static unsigned int cycles_count;
  53 module_param(cycles_count, uint, S_IRUGO);
  54 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cycles_count, "how many erase cycles to do "
  55                                "(infinite by default)");
  56
  57 static struct mtd_info *mtd;
  58
  59 /* This buffer contains 0x555555...0xAAAAAA... pattern */
  60 static unsigned char *patt_5A5;
  61 /* This buffer contains 0xAAAAAA...0x555555... pattern */
  62 static unsigned char *patt_A5A;
  63 /* This buffer contains all 0xFF bytes */
  64 static unsigned char *patt_FF;
  65 /* This a temporary buffer is use when checking data */
  66 static unsigned char *check_buf;
  67 /* How many erase cycles were done */
  68 static unsigned int erase_cycles;
  69
  70 static int pgsize;
  71 static ktime_t start, finish;
  72
  73 static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written);
  74
  75 static inline void start_timing(void)
  76 {
  77         start = ktime_get();
  78 }
  79
  80 static inline void stop_timing(void)
  81 {
  82         finish = ktime_get();
  83 }
  84
  85 /*
  86  * Check that the contents of eraseblock number @enbum is equivalent to the
  87  * @buf buffer.
  88  */
  89 static inline int check_eraseblock(int ebnum, unsigned char *buf)
  90 {
  91         int err, retries = 0;
  92         size_t read;
  93         loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
  94         size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
  95
  96         if (pgcnt) {
  97                 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
  98                 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
  99         }
 100
 101 retry:
 102         err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, len, &read, check_buf);
 103         if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
 104                 pr_err("single bit flip occurred at EB %d "
 105                        "MTD reported that it was fixed.\n", ebnum);
 106         else if (err) {
 107                 pr_err("error %d while reading EB %d, "
 108                        "read %zd\n", err, ebnum, read);
 109                 return err;
 110         }
 111
 112         if (read != len) {
 113                 pr_err("failed to read %zd bytes from EB %d, "
 114                        "read only %zd, but no error reported\n",
 115                        len, ebnum, read);
 116                 return -EIO;
 117         }
 118
 119         if (memcmp(buf, check_buf, len)) {
 120                 pr_err("read wrong data from EB %d\n", ebnum);
 121                 report_corrupt(check_buf, buf);
 122
 123                 if (retries++ < RETRIES) {
 124                         /* Try read again */
 125                         yield();
 126                         pr_info("re-try reading data from EB %d\n",
 127                                ebnum);
 128                         goto retry;
 129                 } else {
 130                         pr_info("retried %d times, still errors, "
 131                                "give-up\n", RETRIES);
 132                         return -EINVAL;
 133                 }
 134         }
 135
 136         if (retries != 0)
 137                 pr_info("only attempt number %d was OK (!!!)\n",
 138                        retries);
 139
 140         return 0;
 141 }
 142
 143 static inline int write_pattern(int ebnum, void *buf)
 144 {
 145         int err;
 146         size_t written;
 147         loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
 148         size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
 149
 150         if (pgcnt) {
 151                 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
 152                 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
 153         }
 154         err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, len, &written, buf);
 155         if (err) {
 156                 pr_err("error %d while writing EB %d, written %zd"
 157                       " bytes\n", err, ebnum, written);
 158                 return err;
 159         }
 160         if (written != len) {
 161                 pr_info("written only %zd bytes of %zd, but no error"
 162                        " reported\n", written, len);
 163                 return -EIO;
 164         }
 165
 166         return 0;
 167 }
 168
 169 static int __init tort_init(void)
 170 {
 171         int err = 0, i, infinite = !cycles_count;
 172         unsigned char *bad_ebs;
 173
 174         printk(KERN_INFO "\n");
 175         printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
 176         pr_info("Warning: this program is trying to wear out your "
 177                "flash, stop it if this is not wanted.\n");
 178
 179         if (dev < 0) {
 180                 pr_info("Please specify a valid mtd-device via module parameter\n");
 181                 pr_crit("CAREFUL: This test wipes all data on the specified MTD device!\n");
 182                 return -EINVAL;
 183         }
 184
 185         pr_info("MTD device: %d\n", dev);
 186         pr_info("torture %d eraseblocks (%d-%d) of mtd%d\n",
 187                ebcnt, eb, eb + ebcnt - 1, dev);
 188         if (pgcnt)
 189                 pr_info("torturing just %d pages per eraseblock\n",
 190                         pgcnt);
 191         pr_info("write verify %s\n", check ? "enabled" : "disabled");
 192
 193         mtd = get_mtd_device(NULL, dev);
 194         if (IS_ERR(mtd)) {
 195                 err = PTR_ERR(mtd);
 196                 pr_err("error: cannot get MTD device\n");
 197                 return err;
 198         }
 199
 200         if (mtd->writesize == 1) {
 201                 pr_info("not NAND flash, assume page size is 512 "
 202                        "bytes.\n");
 203                 pgsize = 512;
 204         } else
 205                 pgsize = mtd->writesize;
 206
 207         if (pgcnt && (pgcnt > mtd->erasesize / pgsize || pgcnt < 0)) {
 208                 pr_err("error: invalid pgcnt value %d\n", pgcnt);
 209                 goto out_mtd;
 210         }
 211
 212         err = -ENOMEM;
 213         patt_5A5 = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 214         if (!patt_5A5)
 215                 goto out_mtd;
 216
 217         patt_A5A = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 218         if (!patt_A5A)
 219                 goto out_patt_5A5;
 220
 221         patt_FF = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 222         if (!patt_FF)
 223                 goto out_patt_A5A;
 224
 225         check_buf = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
 226         if (!check_buf)
 227                 goto out_patt_FF;
 228
 229         bad_ebs = kzalloc(ebcnt, GFP_KERNEL);
 230         if (!bad_ebs)
 231                 goto out_check_buf;
 232
 233         err = 0;
 234
 235         /* Initialize patterns */
 236         memset(patt_FF, 0xFF, mtd->erasesize);
 237         for (i = 0; i < mtd->erasesize / pgsize; i++) {
 238                 if (!(i & 1)) {
 239                         memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
 240                         memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
 241                 } else {
 242                         memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
 243                         memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
 244                 }
 245         }
 246
 247         err = mtdtest_scan_for_bad_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
 248         if (err)
 249                 goto out;
 250
 251         start_timing();
 252         while (1) {
 253                 int i;
 254                 void *patt;
 255
 256                 err = mtdtest_erase_good_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
 257                 if (err)
 258                         goto out;
 259
 260                 /* Check if the eraseblocks contain only 0xFF bytes */
 261                 if (check) {
 262                         for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
 263                                 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
 264                                         continue;
 265                                 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt_FF);
 266                                 if (err) {
 267                                         pr_info("verify failed"
 268                                                " for 0xFF... pattern\n");
 269                                         goto out;
 270                                 }
 271
 272                                 err = mtdtest_relax();
 273                                 if (err)
 274                                         goto out;
 275                         }
 276                 }
 277
 278                 /* Write the pattern */
 279                 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
 280                         if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
 281                                 continue;
 282                         if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
 283                                 patt = patt_5A5;
 284                         else
 285                                 patt = patt_A5A;
 286                         err = write_pattern(i, patt);
 287                         if (err)
 288                                 goto out;
 289
 290                         err = mtdtest_relax();
 291                         if (err)
 292                                 goto out;
 293                 }
 294
 295                 /* Verify what we wrote */
 296                 if (check) {
 297                         for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
 298                                 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
 299                                         continue;
 300                                 if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
 301                                         patt = patt_5A5;
 302                                 else
 303                                         patt = patt_A5A;
 304                                 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt);
 305                                 if (err) {
 306                                         pr_info("verify failed for %s"
 307                                                " pattern\n",
 308                                                ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1) ?
 309                                                "0x55AA55..." : "0xAA55AA...");
 310                                         goto out;
 311                                 }
 312
 313                                 err = mtdtest_relax();
 314                                 if (err)
 315                                         goto out;
 316                         }
 317                 }
 318
 319                 erase_cycles += 1;
 320
 321                 if (erase_cycles % gran == 0) {
 322                         long ms;
 323
 324                         stop_timing();
 325                         ms = ktime_ms_delta(finish, start);
 326                         pr_info("%08u erase cycles done, took %lu "
 327                                "milliseconds (%lu seconds)\n",
 328                                erase_cycles, ms, ms / 1000);
 329                         start_timing();
 330                 }
 331
 332                 if (!infinite && --cycles_count == 0)
 333                         break;
 334         }
 335 out:
 336
 337         pr_info("finished after %u erase cycles\n",
 338                erase_cycles);
 339         kfree(bad_ebs);
 340 out_check_buf:
 341         kfree(check_buf);
 342 out_patt_FF:
 343         kfree(patt_FF);
 344 out_patt_A5A:
 345         kfree(patt_A5A);
 346 out_patt_5A5:
 347         kfree(patt_5A5);
 348 out_mtd:
 349         put_mtd_device(mtd);
 350         if (err)
 351                 pr_info("error %d occurred during torturing\n", err);
 352         printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
 353         return err;
 354 }
 355 module_init(tort_init);
 356
 357 static void __exit tort_exit(void)
 358 {
 359         return;
 360 }
 361 module_exit(tort_exit);
 362
 363 static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
 364                       unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
 365                       unsigned *bitsp);
 366 static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
 367                        int len);
 368
 369 /*
 370  * Report the detailed information about how the read EB differs from what was
 371  * written.
 372  */
 373 static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written)
 374 {
 375         int i;
 376         int bytes, bits, pages, first;
 377         int offset, len;
 378         size_t check_len = mtd->erasesize;
 379
 380         if (pgcnt)
 381                 check_len = pgcnt * pgsize;
 382
 383         bytes = bits = pages = 0;
 384         for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize)
 385                 if (countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
 386                                &bits) >= 0)
 387                         pages++;
 388
 389         pr_info("verify fails on %d pages, %d bytes/%d bits\n",
 390                pages, bytes, bits);
 391         pr_info("The following is a list of all differences between"
 392                " what was read from flash and what was expected\n");
 393
 394         for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize) {
 395                 cond_resched();
 396                 bytes = bits = 0;
 397                 first = countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
 398                                    &bits);
 399                 if (first < 0)
 400                         continue;
 401
 402                 printk("-------------------------------------------------------"
 403                        "----------------------------------\n");
 404
 405                 pr_info("Page %zd has %d bytes/%d bits failing verify,"
 406                        " starting at offset 0x%x\n",
 407                        (mtd->erasesize - check_len + i) / pgsize,
 408                        bytes, bits, first);
 409
 410                 offset = first & ~0x7;
 411                 len = ((first + bytes) | 0x7) + 1 - offset;
 412
 413                 print_bufs(read, written, offset, len);
 414         }
 415 }
 416
 417 static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
 418                        int len)
 419 {
 420         int i = 0, j1, j2;
 421         char *diff;
 422
 423         printk("Offset       Read                          Written\n");
 424         while (i < len) {
 425                 printk("0x%08x: ", start + i);
 426                 diff = "   ";
 427                 for (j1 = 0; j1 < 8 && i + j1 < len; j1++) {
 428                         printk(" %02x", read[start + i + j1]);
 429                         if (read[start + i + j1] != written[start + i + j1])
 430                                 diff = "***";
 431                 }
 432
 433                 while (j1 < 8) {
 434                         printk(" ");
 435                         j1 += 1;
 436                 }
 437
 438                 printk("  %s ", diff);
 439
 440                 for (j2 = 0; j2 < 8 && i + j2 < len; j2++)
 441                         printk(" %02x", written[start + i + j2]);
 442                 printk("\n");
 443                 i += 8;
 444         }
 445 }
 446
 447 /*
 448  * Count the number of differing bytes and bits and return the first differing
 449  * offset.
 450  */
 451 static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
 452                       unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
 453                       unsigned *bitsp)
 454 {
 455         unsigned i, bit;
 456         int first = -1;
 457
 458         for (i = offset; i < offset + len; i++)
 459                 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
 460                         first = i;
 461                         break;
 462                 }
 463
 464         while (i < offset + len) {
 465                 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
 466                         (*bytesp)++;
 467                         bit = 1;
 468                         while (bit < 256) {
 469                                 if ((buf[i] & bit) != (check_buf[i] & bit))
 470                                         (*bitsp)++;
 471                                 bit <<= 1;
 472                         }
 473                 }
 474                 i++;
 475         }
 476
 477         return first;
 478 }
 479
 480 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Eraseblock torturing module");
 481 MODULE_AUTHOR("Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adrian Hunter");
 482 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");