1 OMAP2/3 Display Subsystem
2 -------------------------
4 This is an almost total rewrite of the OMAP FB driver in drivers/video/omap
5 (let's call it DSS1). The main differences between DSS1 and DSS2 are DSI,
6 TV-out and multiple display support, but there are lots of small improvements
9 The DSS2 driver (omapdss module) is in arch/arm/plat-omap/dss/, and the FB,
10 panel and controller drivers are in drivers/video/omap2/. DSS1 and DSS2 live
11 currently side by side, you can choose which one to use.
16 Working and tested features include:
18 - MIPI DPI (parallel) output
19 - MIPI DSI output in command mode
20 - MIPI DBI (RFBI) output
23 - All pieces can be compiled as a module or inside kernel
24 - Use DISPC to update any of the outputs
25 - Use CPU to update RFBI or DSI output
27 - RGB16, RGB24 packed, RGB24 unpacked
30 - Adjusting DSS FCK to find a good pixel clock
31 - Use DSI DPLL to create DSS FCK
33 Tested boards include:
41 The DSS driver does not itself have any support for Linux framebuffer, V4L or
42 such like the current ones, but it has an internal kernel API that upper level
45 The DSS driver models OMAP's overlays, overlay managers and displays in a
46 flexible way to enable non-common multi-display configuration. In addition to
47 modelling the hardware overlays, omapdss supports virtual overlays and overlay
48 managers. These can be used when updating a display with CPU or system DMA.
50 omapdss driver support for audio
51 --------------------------------
52 There exist several display technologies and standards that support audio as
53 well. Hence, it is relevant to update the DSS device driver to provide an audio
54 interface that may be used by an audio driver or any other driver interested in
57 The audio_enable function is intended to prepare the relevant
58 IP for playback (e.g., enabling an audio FIFO, taking in/out of reset
59 some IP, enabling companion chips, etc). It is intended to be called before
60 audio_start. The audio_disable function performs the reverse operation and is
61 intended to be called after audio_stop.
63 While a given DSS device driver may support audio, it is possible that for
64 certain configurations audio is not supported (e.g., an HDMI display using a
65 VESA video timing). The audio_supported function is intended to query whether
66 the current configuration of the display supports audio.
68 The audio_config function is intended to configure all the relevant audio
69 parameters of the display. In order to make the function independent of any
70 specific DSS device driver, a struct omap_dss_audio is defined. Its purpose
71 is to contain all the required parameters for audio configuration. At the
72 moment, such structure contains pointers to IEC-60958 channel status word
73 and CEA-861 audio infoframe structures. This should be enough to support
74 HDMI and DisplayPort, as both are based on CEA-861 and IEC-60958.
76 The audio_enable/disable, audio_config and audio_supported functions could be
77 implemented as functions that may sleep. Hence, they should not be called
78 while holding a spinlock or a readlock.
80 The audio_start/audio_stop function is intended to effectively start/stop audio
81 playback after the configuration has taken place. These functions are designed
82 to be used in an atomic context. Hence, audio_start should return quickly and be
83 called only after all the needed resources for audio playback (audio FIFOs,
84 DMA channels, companion chips, etc) have been enabled to begin data transfers.
85 audio_stop is designed to only stop the audio transfers. The resources used
86 for playback are released using audio_disable.
88 The enum omap_dss_audio_state may be used to help the implementations of
89 the interface to keep track of the audio state. The initial state is _DISABLED;
90 then, the state transitions to _CONFIGURED, and then, when it is ready to
91 play audio, to _ENABLED. The state _PLAYING is used when the audio is being
95 Panel and controller drivers
96 ----------------------------
98 The drivers implement panel or controller specific functionality and are not
99 usually visible to users except through omapfb driver. They register
100 themselves to the DSS driver.
105 The omapfb driver implements arbitrary number of standard linux framebuffers.
106 These framebuffers can be routed flexibly to any overlays, thus allowing very
107 dynamic display architecture.
109 The driver exports some omapfb specific ioctls, which are compatible with the
110 ioctls in the old driver.
112 The rest of the non standard features are exported via sysfs. Whether the final
113 implementation will use sysfs, or ioctls, is still open.
118 V4L2 is being implemented in TI.
120 From omapdss point of view the V4L2 drivers should be similar to framebuffer
126 Some clarification what the different components do:
128 - Framebuffer is a memory area inside OMAP's SRAM/SDRAM that contains the
129 pixel data for the image. Framebuffer has width and height and color
131 - Overlay defines where the pixels are read from and where they go on the
132 screen. The overlay may be smaller than framebuffer, thus displaying only
133 part of the framebuffer. The position of the overlay may be changed if
134 the overlay is smaller than the display.
135 - Overlay manager combines the overlays in to one image and feeds them to
137 - Display is the actual physical display device.
139 A framebuffer can be connected to multiple overlays to show the same pixel data
140 on all of the overlays. Note that in this case the overlay input sizes must be
141 the same, but, in case of video overlays, the output size can be different. Any
142 framebuffer can be connected to any overlay.
144 An overlay can be connected to one overlay manager. Also DISPC overlays can be
145 connected only to DISPC overlay managers, and virtual overlays can be only
146 connected to virtual overlays.
148 An overlay manager can be connected to one display. There are certain
149 restrictions which kinds of displays an overlay manager can be connected:
151 - DISPC TV overlay manager can be only connected to TV display.
152 - Virtual overlay managers can only be connected to DBI or DSI displays.
153 - DISPC LCD overlay manager can be connected to all displays, except TV
158 The sysfs interface is mainly used for testing. I don't think sysfs
159 interface is the best for this in the final version, but I don't quite know
160 what would be the best interfaces for these things.
162 The sysfs interface is divided to two parts: DSS and FB.
164 /sys/class/graphics/fb? directory:
166 rotate Rotation 0-3 for 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees
167 rotate_type 0 = DMA rotation, 1 = VRFB rotation
168 overlays List of overlay numbers to which framebuffer pixels go
169 phys_addr Physical address of the framebuffer
170 virt_addr Virtual address of the framebuffer
171 size Size of the framebuffer
173 /sys/devices/platform/omapdss/overlay? directory:
175 input_size width,height (ie. the framebuffer size)
176 manager Destination overlay manager name
178 output_size width,height
181 global_alpha global alpha 0-255 0=transparent 255=opaque
183 /sys/devices/platform/omapdss/manager? directory:
184 display Destination display
186 alpha_blending_enabled 0=off, 1=on
187 trans_key_enabled 0=off, 1=on
188 trans_key_type gfx-destination, video-source
189 trans_key_value transparency color key (RGB24)
190 default_color default background color (RGB24)
192 /sys/devices/platform/omapdss/display? directory:
193 ctrl_name Controller name
195 update_mode 0=off, 1=auto, 2=manual
198 rotate Rotation 0-3 for 0, 90, 180, 270 degrees
199 timings Display timings (pixclock,xres/hfp/hbp/hsw,yres/vfp/vbp/vsw)
200 When writing, two special timings are accepted for tv-out:
203 tear_elim Tearing elimination 0=off, 1=on
204 output_type Output type (video encoder only): "composite" or "svideo"
206 There are also some debugfs files at <debugfs>/omapdss/ which show information
207 about clocks and registers.
212 The following definitions have been made for the examples below:
214 ovl0=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/overlay0
215 ovl1=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/overlay1
216 ovl2=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/overlay2
218 mgr0=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/manager0
219 mgr1=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/manager1
221 lcd=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/display0
222 dvi=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/display1
223 tv=/sys/devices/platform/omapdss/display2
225 fb0=/sys/class/graphics/fb0
226 fb1=/sys/class/graphics/fb1
227 fb2=/sys/class/graphics/fb2
229 Default setup on OMAP3 SDP
230 --------------------------
232 Here's the default setup on OMAP3 SDP board. All planes go to LCD. DVI
233 and TV-out are not in use. The columns from left to right are:
234 framebuffers, overlays, overlay managers, displays. Framebuffers are
235 handled by omapfb, and the rest by the DSS.
238 FB1 --- VID1 --+- LCD ---- LCD
239 FB2 --- VID2 -/ TV ----- TV
241 Example: Switch from LCD to DVI
242 ----------------------
244 w=`cat $dvi/timings | cut -d "," -f 2 | cut -d "/" -f 1`
245 h=`cat $dvi/timings | cut -d "," -f 3 | cut -d "/" -f 1`
247 echo "0" > $lcd/enabled
248 echo "" > $mgr0/display
249 fbset -fb /dev/fb0 -xres $w -yres $h -vxres $w -vyres $h
250 # at this point you have to switch the dvi/lcd dip-switch from the omap board
251 echo "dvi" > $mgr0/display
252 echo "1" > $dvi/enabled
254 After this the configuration looks like:
256 FB0 --- GFX -\ -- DVI
257 FB1 --- VID1 --+- LCD -/ LCD
258 FB2 --- VID2 -/ TV ----- TV
260 Example: Clone GFX overlay to LCD and TV
261 -------------------------------
263 w=`cat $tv/timings | cut -d "," -f 2 | cut -d "/" -f 1`
264 h=`cat $tv/timings | cut -d "," -f 3 | cut -d "/" -f 1`
266 echo "0" > $ovl0/enabled
267 echo "0" > $ovl1/enabled
269 echo "" > $fb1/overlays
270 echo "0,1" > $fb0/overlays
272 echo "$w,$h" > $ovl1/output_size
273 echo "tv" > $ovl1/manager
275 echo "1" > $ovl0/enabled
276 echo "1" > $ovl1/enabled
278 echo "1" > $tv/enabled
280 After this the configuration looks like (only relevant parts shown):
282 FB0 +-- GFX ---- LCD ---- LCD
283 \- VID1 ---- TV ---- TV
288 OMAP FB allocates the framebuffer memory using the standard dma allocator. You
289 can enable Contiguous Memory Allocator (CONFIG_CMA) to improve the dma
290 allocator, and if CMA is enabled, you use "cma=" kernel parameter to increase
291 the global memory area for CMA.
293 Using DSI DPLL to generate pixel clock it is possible produce the pixel clock
294 of 86.5MHz (max possible), and with that you get 1280x1024@57 output from DVI.
296 Rotation and mirroring currently only supports RGB565 and RGB8888 modes. VRFB
297 does not support mirroring.
299 VRFB rotation requires much more memory than non-rotated framebuffer, so you
300 probably need to increase your vram setting before using VRFB rotation. Also,
301 many applications may not work with VRFB if they do not pay attention to all
302 framebuffer parameters.
304 Kernel boot arguments
305 ---------------------
307 omapfb.mode=<display>:<mode>[,...]
308 - Default video mode for specified displays. For example,
309 "dvi:800x400MR-24@60". See drivers/video/modedb.c.
310 There are also two special modes: "pal" and "ntsc" that
311 can be used to tv out.
313 omapfb.vram=<fbnum>:<size>[@<physaddr>][,...]
314 - VRAM allocated for a framebuffer. Normally omapfb allocates vram
315 depending on the display size. With this you can manually allocate
316 more or define the physical address of each framebuffer. For example,
317 "1:4M" to allocate 4M for fb1.
320 - Enable debug printing. You have to have OMAPFB debug support enabled
324 - Draw test pattern to framebuffer whenever framebuffer settings change.
325 You need to have OMAPFB debug support enabled in kernel config.
328 - Use VRFB rotation for all framebuffers.
330 omapfb.rotate=<angle>
331 - Default rotation applied to all framebuffers.
332 0 - 0 degree rotation
333 1 - 90 degree rotation
334 2 - 180 degree rotation
335 3 - 270 degree rotation
338 - Default mirror for all framebuffers. Only works with DMA rotation.
340 omapdss.def_disp=<display>
341 - Name of default display, to which all overlays will be connected.
342 Common examples are "lcd" or "tv".
345 - Enable debug printing. You have to have DSS debug support enabled in
354 - Lots of checks are missing or implemented just as BUG()
356 System DMA update for DSI
357 - Can be used for RGB16 and RGB24P modes. Probably not for RGB24U (how
358 to skip the empty byte?)