2 * cpufreq driver for Enhanced SpeedStep, as found in Intel's Pentium
3 * M (part of the Centrino chipset).
5 * Since the original Pentium M, most new Intel CPUs support Enhanced
8 * Despite the "SpeedStep" in the name, this is almost entirely unlike
9 * traditional SpeedStep.
11 * Modelled on speedstep.c
13 * Copyright (C) 2003 Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/init.h>
19 #include <linux/cpufreq.h>
20 #include <linux/sched.h> /* current */
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/compiler.h>
23 #include <linux/gfp.h>
26 #include <asm/processor.h>
27 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
28 #include <asm/cpu_device_id.h>
30 #define PFX "speedstep-centrino: "
31 #define MAINTAINER "cpufreq@vger.kernel.org"
33 #define INTEL_MSR_RANGE (0xffff)
37 __u8 x86
; /* CPU family */
38 __u8 x86_model
; /* model */
39 __u8 x86_mask
; /* stepping */
51 static const struct cpu_id cpu_ids
[] = {
52 [CPU_BANIAS
] = { 6, 9, 5 },
53 [CPU_DOTHAN_A1
] = { 6, 13, 1 },
54 [CPU_DOTHAN_A2
] = { 6, 13, 2 },
55 [CPU_DOTHAN_B0
] = { 6, 13, 6 },
56 [CPU_MP4HT_D0
] = {15, 3, 4 },
57 [CPU_MP4HT_E0
] = {15, 4, 1 },
59 #define N_IDS ARRAY_SIZE(cpu_ids)
63 const struct cpu_id
*cpu_id
;
64 const char *model_name
;
65 unsigned max_freq
; /* max clock in kHz */
67 struct cpufreq_frequency_table
*op_points
; /* clock/voltage pairs */
69 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86
*c
,
70 const struct cpu_id
*x
);
72 /* Operating points for current CPU */
73 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu_model
*, centrino_model
);
74 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(const struct cpu_id
*, centrino_cpu
);
76 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver
;
78 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE
80 /* Computes the correct form for IA32_PERF_CTL MSR for a particular
81 frequency/voltage operating point; frequency in MHz, volts in mV.
82 This is stored as "index" in the structure. */
85 .frequency = (mhz) * 1000, \
86 .index = (((mhz)/100) << 8) | ((mv - 700) / 16) \
90 * These voltage tables were derived from the Intel Pentium M
91 * datasheet, document 25261202.pdf, Table 5. I have verified they
92 * are consistent with my IBM ThinkPad X31, which has a 1.3GHz Pentium
96 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 900MHz (Banias) */
97 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_900
[] =
102 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
105 /* Ultra Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1000MHz (Banias) */
106 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1000
[] =
112 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
115 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.10GHz (Banias) */
116 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1100
[] =
123 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
127 /* Low Voltage Intel Pentium M processor 1.20GHz (Banias) */
128 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1200
[] =
136 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
139 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.30GHz (Banias) */
140 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1300
[] =
147 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
150 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.40GHz (Banias) */
151 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1400
[] =
158 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
161 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.50GHz (Banias) */
162 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1500
[] =
170 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
173 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.60GHz (Banias) */
174 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1600
[] =
182 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
185 /* Intel Pentium M processor 1.70GHz (Banias) */
186 static struct cpufreq_frequency_table banias_1700
[] =
194 { .frequency
= CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
}
198 #define _BANIAS(cpuid, max, name) \
200 .model_name = "Intel(R) Pentium(R) M processor " name "MHz", \
201 .max_freq = (max)*1000, \
202 .op_points = banias_##max, \
204 #define BANIAS(max) _BANIAS(&cpu_ids[CPU_BANIAS], max, #max)
206 /* CPU models, their operating frequency range, and freq/voltage
208 static struct cpu_model models
[] =
210 _BANIAS(&cpu_ids
[CPU_BANIAS
], 900, " 900"),
220 /* NULL model_name is a wildcard */
221 { &cpu_ids
[CPU_DOTHAN_A1
], NULL
, 0, NULL
},
222 { &cpu_ids
[CPU_DOTHAN_A2
], NULL
, 0, NULL
},
223 { &cpu_ids
[CPU_DOTHAN_B0
], NULL
, 0, NULL
},
224 { &cpu_ids
[CPU_MP4HT_D0
], NULL
, 0, NULL
},
225 { &cpu_ids
[CPU_MP4HT_E0
], NULL
, 0, NULL
},
232 static int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy
*policy
)
234 struct cpuinfo_x86
*cpu
= &cpu_data(policy
->cpu
);
235 struct cpu_model
*model
;
237 for(model
= models
; model
->cpu_id
!= NULL
; model
++)
238 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu
, model
->cpu_id
) &&
239 (model
->model_name
== NULL
||
240 strcmp(cpu
->x86_model_id
, model
->model_name
) == 0))
243 if (model
->cpu_id
== NULL
) {
244 /* No match at all */
245 pr_debug("no support for CPU model \"%s\": "
246 "send /proc/cpuinfo to " MAINTAINER
"\n",
251 if (model
->op_points
== NULL
) {
252 /* Matched a non-match */
253 pr_debug("no table support for CPU model \"%s\"\n",
255 pr_debug("try using the acpi-cpufreq driver\n");
259 per_cpu(centrino_model
, policy
->cpu
) = model
;
261 pr_debug("found \"%s\": max frequency: %dkHz\n",
262 model
->model_name
, model
->max_freq
);
268 static inline int centrino_cpu_init_table(struct cpufreq_policy
*policy
)
272 #endif /* CONFIG_X86_SPEEDSTEP_CENTRINO_TABLE */
274 static int centrino_verify_cpu_id(const struct cpuinfo_x86
*c
,
275 const struct cpu_id
*x
)
277 if ((c
->x86
== x
->x86
) &&
278 (c
->x86_model
== x
->x86_model
) &&
279 (c
->x86_mask
== x
->x86_mask
))
284 /* To be called only after centrino_model is initialized */
285 static unsigned extract_clock(unsigned msr
, unsigned int cpu
, int failsafe
)
290 * Extract clock in kHz from PERF_CTL value
291 * for centrino, as some DSDTs are buggy.
292 * Ideally, this can be done using the acpi_data structure.
294 if ((per_cpu(centrino_cpu
, cpu
) == &cpu_ids
[CPU_BANIAS
]) ||
295 (per_cpu(centrino_cpu
, cpu
) == &cpu_ids
[CPU_DOTHAN_A1
]) ||
296 (per_cpu(centrino_cpu
, cpu
) == &cpu_ids
[CPU_DOTHAN_B0
])) {
297 msr
= (msr
>> 8) & 0xff;
301 if ((!per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)) ||
302 (!per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)->op_points
))
307 per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)->op_points
[i
].frequency
308 != CPUFREQ_TABLE_END
;
310 if (msr
== per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)->op_points
[i
].index
)
311 return per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)->
312 op_points
[i
].frequency
;
315 return per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)->op_points
[i
-1].frequency
;
320 /* Return the current CPU frequency in kHz */
321 static unsigned int get_cur_freq(unsigned int cpu
)
326 rdmsr_on_cpu(cpu
, MSR_IA32_PERF_STATUS
, &l
, &h
);
327 clock_freq
= extract_clock(l
, cpu
, 0);
329 if (unlikely(clock_freq
== 0)) {
331 * On some CPUs, we can see transient MSR values (which are
332 * not present in _PSS), while CPU is doing some automatic
333 * P-state transition (like TM2). Get the last freq set
336 rdmsr_on_cpu(cpu
, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL
, &l
, &h
);
337 clock_freq
= extract_clock(l
, cpu
, 1);
343 static int centrino_cpu_init(struct cpufreq_policy
*policy
)
345 struct cpuinfo_x86
*cpu
= &cpu_data(policy
->cpu
);
351 /* Only Intel makes Enhanced Speedstep-capable CPUs */
352 if (cpu
->x86_vendor
!= X86_VENDOR_INTEL
||
353 !cpu_has(cpu
, X86_FEATURE_EST
))
356 if (cpu_has(cpu
, X86_FEATURE_CONSTANT_TSC
))
357 centrino_driver
.flags
|= CPUFREQ_CONST_LOOPS
;
359 if (policy
->cpu
!= 0)
362 for (i
= 0; i
< N_IDS
; i
++)
363 if (centrino_verify_cpu_id(cpu
, &cpu_ids
[i
]))
367 per_cpu(centrino_cpu
, policy
->cpu
) = &cpu_ids
[i
];
369 if (!per_cpu(centrino_cpu
, policy
->cpu
)) {
370 pr_debug("found unsupported CPU with "
371 "Enhanced SpeedStep: send /proc/cpuinfo to "
376 if (centrino_cpu_init_table(policy
)) {
380 /* Check to see if Enhanced SpeedStep is enabled, and try to
382 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE
, l
, h
);
384 if (!(l
& MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP
)) {
385 l
|= MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP
;
386 pr_debug("trying to enable Enhanced SpeedStep (%x)\n", l
);
387 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE
, l
, h
);
389 /* check to see if it stuck */
390 rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE
, l
, h
);
391 if (!(l
& MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE_ENHANCED_SPEEDSTEP
)) {
393 "couldn't enable Enhanced SpeedStep\n");
398 freq
= get_cur_freq(policy
->cpu
);
399 policy
->cpuinfo
.transition_latency
= 10000;
400 /* 10uS transition latency */
403 pr_debug("centrino_cpu_init: cur=%dkHz\n", policy
->cur
);
405 ret
= cpufreq_frequency_table_cpuinfo(policy
,
406 per_cpu(centrino_model
, policy
->cpu
)->op_points
);
410 cpufreq_frequency_table_get_attr(
411 per_cpu(centrino_model
, policy
->cpu
)->op_points
, policy
->cpu
);
416 static int centrino_cpu_exit(struct cpufreq_policy
*policy
)
418 unsigned int cpu
= policy
->cpu
;
420 if (!per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
))
423 cpufreq_frequency_table_put_attr(cpu
);
425 per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
) = NULL
;
431 * centrino_verify - verifies a new CPUFreq policy
432 * @policy: new policy
434 * Limit must be within this model's frequency range at least one
437 static int centrino_verify (struct cpufreq_policy
*policy
)
439 return cpufreq_frequency_table_verify(policy
,
440 per_cpu(centrino_model
, policy
->cpu
)->op_points
);
444 * centrino_setpolicy - set a new CPUFreq policy
445 * @policy: new policy
446 * @target_freq: the target frequency
447 * @relation: how that frequency relates to achieved frequency
448 * (CPUFREQ_RELATION_L or CPUFREQ_RELATION_H)
450 * Sets a new CPUFreq policy.
452 static int centrino_target (struct cpufreq_policy
*policy
,
453 unsigned int target_freq
,
454 unsigned int relation
)
456 unsigned int newstate
= 0;
457 unsigned int msr
, oldmsr
= 0, h
= 0, cpu
= policy
->cpu
;
458 struct cpufreq_freqs freqs
;
460 unsigned int j
, k
, first_cpu
, tmp
;
461 cpumask_var_t covered_cpus
;
463 if (unlikely(!zalloc_cpumask_var(&covered_cpus
, GFP_KERNEL
)))
466 if (unlikely(per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
) == NULL
)) {
471 if (unlikely(cpufreq_frequency_table_target(policy
,
472 per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)->op_points
,
481 for_each_cpu(j
, policy
->cpus
) {
484 /* cpufreq holds the hotplug lock, so we are safe here */
489 * Support for SMP systems.
490 * Make sure we are running on CPU that wants to change freq
492 if (policy
->shared_type
== CPUFREQ_SHARED_TYPE_ANY
)
493 good_cpu
= cpumask_any_and(policy
->cpus
,
498 if (good_cpu
>= nr_cpu_ids
) {
499 pr_debug("couldn't limit to CPUs in this domain\n");
502 /* We haven't started the transition yet. */
508 msr
= per_cpu(centrino_model
, cpu
)->op_points
[newstate
].index
;
511 rdmsr_on_cpu(good_cpu
, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL
, &oldmsr
, &h
);
512 if (msr
== (oldmsr
& 0xffff)) {
513 pr_debug("no change needed - msr was and needs "
514 "to be %x\n", oldmsr
);
519 freqs
.old
= extract_clock(oldmsr
, cpu
, 0);
520 freqs
.new = extract_clock(msr
, cpu
, 0);
522 pr_debug("target=%dkHz old=%d new=%d msr=%04x\n",
523 target_freq
, freqs
.old
, freqs
.new, msr
);
525 for_each_cpu(k
, policy
->cpus
) {
529 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs
,
534 /* all but 16 LSB are reserved, treat them with care */
540 wrmsr_on_cpu(good_cpu
, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL
, oldmsr
, h
);
541 if (policy
->shared_type
== CPUFREQ_SHARED_TYPE_ANY
)
544 cpumask_set_cpu(j
, covered_cpus
);
547 for_each_cpu(k
, policy
->cpus
) {
551 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs
, CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE
);
554 if (unlikely(retval
)) {
556 * We have failed halfway through the frequency change.
557 * We have sent callbacks to policy->cpus and
558 * MSRs have already been written on coverd_cpus.
562 for_each_cpu(j
, covered_cpus
)
563 wrmsr_on_cpu(j
, MSR_IA32_PERF_CTL
, oldmsr
, h
);
566 freqs
.new = freqs
.old
;
568 for_each_cpu(j
, policy
->cpus
) {
571 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs
, CPUFREQ_PRECHANGE
);
572 cpufreq_notify_transition(&freqs
, CPUFREQ_POSTCHANGE
);
578 free_cpumask_var(covered_cpus
);
582 static struct freq_attr
* centrino_attr
[] = {
583 &cpufreq_freq_attr_scaling_available_freqs
,
587 static struct cpufreq_driver centrino_driver
= {
588 .name
= "centrino", /* should be speedstep-centrino,
589 but there's a 16 char limit */
590 .init
= centrino_cpu_init
,
591 .exit
= centrino_cpu_exit
,
592 .verify
= centrino_verify
,
593 .target
= centrino_target
,
595 .attr
= centrino_attr
,
596 .owner
= THIS_MODULE
,
600 * This doesn't replace the detailed checks above because
601 * the generic CPU IDs don't have a way to match for steppings
602 * or ASCII model IDs.
604 static const struct x86_cpu_id centrino_ids
[] = {
605 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL
, 6, 9, X86_FEATURE_EST
},
606 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL
, 6, 13, X86_FEATURE_EST
},
607 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL
, 6, 13, X86_FEATURE_EST
},
608 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL
, 6, 13, X86_FEATURE_EST
},
609 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL
, 15, 3, X86_FEATURE_EST
},
610 { X86_VENDOR_INTEL
, 15, 4, X86_FEATURE_EST
},
614 /* Autoload or not? Do not for now. */
615 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(x86cpu
, centrino_ids
);
619 * centrino_init - initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep CPUFreq driver
621 * Initializes the Enhanced SpeedStep support. Returns -ENODEV on
622 * unsupported devices, -ENOENT if there's no voltage table for this
623 * particular CPU model, -EINVAL on problems during initiatization,
624 * and zero on success.
626 * This is quite picky. Not only does the CPU have to advertise the
627 * "est" flag in the cpuid capability flags, we look for a specific
628 * CPU model and stepping, and we need to have the exact model name in
629 * our voltage tables. That is, be paranoid about not releasing
630 * someone's valuable magic smoke.
632 static int __init
centrino_init(void)
634 if (!x86_match_cpu(centrino_ids
))
636 return cpufreq_register_driver(¢rino_driver
);
639 static void __exit
centrino_exit(void)
641 cpufreq_unregister_driver(¢rino_driver
);
644 MODULE_AUTHOR ("Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>");
645 MODULE_DESCRIPTION ("Enhanced SpeedStep driver for Intel Pentium M processors.");
646 MODULE_LICENSE ("GPL");
648 late_initcall(centrino_init
);
649 module_exit(centrino_exit
);