net/ipv4/tcp_htcp.c

   1 /*
   2  * H-TCP congestion control. The algorithm is detailed in:
   3  * R.N.Shorten, D.J.Leith:
   4  *   "H-TCP: TCP for high-speed and long-distance networks"
   5  *   Proc. PFLDnet, Argonne, 2004.
   6  * http://www.hamilton.ie/net/htcp3.pdf
   7  */
   8
   9 #include <linux/mm.h>
  10 #include <linux/module.h>
  11 #include <net/tcp.h>
  12
  13 #define ALPHA_BASE      (1<<7)  /* 1.0 with shift << 7 */
  14 #define BETA_MIN        (1<<6)  /* 0.5 with shift << 7 */
  15 #define BETA_MAX        102     /* 0.8 with shift << 7 */
  16
  17 static int use_rtt_scaling __read_mostly = 1;
  18 module_param(use_rtt_scaling, int, 0644);
  19 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_rtt_scaling, "turn on/off RTT scaling");
  20
  21 static int use_bandwidth_switch __read_mostly = 1;
  22 module_param(use_bandwidth_switch, int, 0644);
  23 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_bandwidth_switch, "turn on/off bandwidth switcher");
  24
  25 struct htcp {
  26         u32     alpha;          /* Fixed point arith, << 7 */
  27         u8      beta;           /* Fixed point arith, << 7 */
  28         u8      modeswitch;     /* Delay modeswitch
  29                                    until we had at least one congestion event */
  30         u16     pkts_acked;
  31         u32     packetcount;
  32         u32     minRTT;
  33         u32     maxRTT;
  34         u32     last_cong;      /* Time since last congestion event end */
  35         u32     undo_last_cong;
  36
  37         u32     undo_maxRTT;
  38         u32     undo_old_maxB;
  39
  40         /* Bandwidth estimation */
  41         u32     minB;
  42         u32     maxB;
  43         u32     old_maxB;
  44         u32     Bi;
  45         u32     lasttime;
  46 };
  47
  48 static inline u32 htcp_cong_time(const struct htcp *ca)
  49 {
  50         return jiffies - ca->last_cong;
  51 }
  52
  53 static inline u32 htcp_ccount(const struct htcp *ca)
  54 {
  55         return htcp_cong_time(ca) / ca->minRTT;
  56 }
  57
  58 static inline void htcp_reset(struct htcp *ca)
  59 {
  60         ca->undo_last_cong = ca->last_cong;
  61         ca->undo_maxRTT = ca->maxRTT;
  62         ca->undo_old_maxB = ca->old_maxB;
  63
  64         ca->last_cong = jiffies;
  65 }
  66
  67 static u32 htcp_cwnd_undo(struct sock *sk)
  68 {
  69         const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
  70         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
  71
  72         if (ca->undo_last_cong) {
  73                 ca->last_cong = ca->undo_last_cong;
  74                 ca->maxRTT = ca->undo_maxRTT;
  75                 ca->old_maxB = ca->undo_old_maxB;
  76                 ca->undo_last_cong = 0;
  77         }
  78
  79         return max(tp->snd_cwnd, (tp->snd_ssthresh << 7) / ca->beta);
  80 }
  81
  82 static inline void measure_rtt(struct sock *sk, u32 srtt)
  83 {
  84         const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
  85         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
  86
  87         /* keep track of minimum RTT seen so far, minRTT is zero at first */
  88         if (ca->minRTT > srtt || !ca->minRTT)
  89                 ca->minRTT = srtt;
  90
  91         /* max RTT */
  92         if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Open) {
  93                 if (ca->maxRTT < ca->minRTT)
  94                         ca->maxRTT = ca->minRTT;
  95                 if (ca->maxRTT < srtt &&
  96                     srtt <= ca->maxRTT + msecs_to_jiffies(20))
  97                         ca->maxRTT = srtt;
  98         }
  99 }
 100
 101 static void measure_achieved_throughput(struct sock *sk, u32 pkts_acked, s32 rtt)
 102 {
 103         const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
 104         const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 105         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 106         u32 now = tcp_time_stamp;
 107
 108         if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Open)
 109                 ca->pkts_acked = pkts_acked;
 110
 111         if (rtt > 0)
 112                 measure_rtt(sk, usecs_to_jiffies(rtt));
 113
 114         if (!use_bandwidth_switch)
 115                 return;
 116
 117         /* achieved throughput calculations */
 118         if (!((1 << icsk->icsk_ca_state) & (TCPF_CA_Open | TCPF_CA_Disorder))) {
 119                 ca->packetcount = 0;
 120                 ca->lasttime = now;
 121                 return;
 122         }
 123
 124         ca->packetcount += pkts_acked;
 125
 126         if (ca->packetcount >= tp->snd_cwnd - (ca->alpha >> 7 ? : 1) &&
 127             now - ca->lasttime >= ca->minRTT &&
 128             ca->minRTT > 0) {
 129                 __u32 cur_Bi = ca->packetcount * HZ / (now - ca->lasttime);
 130
 131                 if (htcp_ccount(ca) <= 3) {
 132                         /* just after backoff */
 133                         ca->minB = ca->maxB = ca->Bi = cur_Bi;
 134                 } else {
 135                         ca->Bi = (3 * ca->Bi + cur_Bi) / 4;
 136                         if (ca->Bi > ca->maxB)
 137                                 ca->maxB = ca->Bi;
 138                         if (ca->minB > ca->maxB)
 139                                 ca->minB = ca->maxB;
 140                 }
 141                 ca->packetcount = 0;
 142                 ca->lasttime = now;
 143         }
 144 }
 145
 146 static inline void htcp_beta_update(struct htcp *ca, u32 minRTT, u32 maxRTT)
 147 {
 148         if (use_bandwidth_switch) {
 149                 u32 maxB = ca->maxB;
 150                 u32 old_maxB = ca->old_maxB;
 151                 ca->old_maxB = ca->maxB;
 152
 153                 if (!between(5 * maxB, 4 * old_maxB, 6 * old_maxB)) {
 154                         ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 155                         ca->modeswitch = 0;
 156                         return;
 157                 }
 158         }
 159
 160         if (ca->modeswitch && minRTT > msecs_to_jiffies(10) && maxRTT) {
 161                 ca->beta = (minRTT << 7) / maxRTT;
 162                 if (ca->beta < BETA_MIN)
 163                         ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 164                 else if (ca->beta > BETA_MAX)
 165                         ca->beta = BETA_MAX;
 166         } else {
 167                 ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 168                 ca->modeswitch = 1;
 169         }
 170 }
 171
 172 static inline void htcp_alpha_update(struct htcp *ca)
 173 {
 174         u32 minRTT = ca->minRTT;
 175         u32 factor = 1;
 176         u32 diff = htcp_cong_time(ca);
 177
 178         if (diff > HZ) {
 179                 diff -= HZ;
 180                 factor = 1 + (10 * diff + ((diff / 2) * (diff / 2) / HZ)) / HZ;
 181         }
 182
 183         if (use_rtt_scaling && minRTT) {
 184                 u32 scale = (HZ << 3) / (10 * minRTT);
 185
 186                 /* clamping ratio to interval [0.5,10]<<3 */
 187                 scale = min(max(scale, 1U << 2), 10U << 3);
 188                 factor = (factor << 3) / scale;
 189                 if (!factor)
 190                         factor = 1;
 191         }
 192
 193         ca->alpha = 2 * factor * ((1 << 7) - ca->beta);
 194         if (!ca->alpha)
 195                 ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
 196 }
 197
 198 /*
 199  * After we have the rtt data to calculate beta, we'd still prefer to wait one
 200  * rtt before we adjust our beta to ensure we are working from a consistent
 201  * data.
 202  *
 203  * This function should be called when we hit a congestion event since only at
 204  * that point do we really have a real sense of maxRTT (the queues en route
 205  * were getting just too full now).
 206  */
 207 static void htcp_param_update(struct sock *sk)
 208 {
 209         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 210         u32 minRTT = ca->minRTT;
 211         u32 maxRTT = ca->maxRTT;
 212
 213         htcp_beta_update(ca, minRTT, maxRTT);
 214         htcp_alpha_update(ca);
 215
 216         /* add slowly fading memory for maxRTT to accommodate routing changes */
 217         if (minRTT > 0 && maxRTT > minRTT)
 218                 ca->maxRTT = minRTT + ((maxRTT - minRTT) * 95) / 100;
 219 }
 220
 221 static u32 htcp_recalc_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
 222 {
 223         const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 224         const struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 225
 226         htcp_param_update(sk);
 227         return max((tp->snd_cwnd * ca->beta) >> 7, 2U);
 228 }
 229
 230 static void htcp_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack, u32 acked)
 231 {
 232         struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 233         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 234
 235         if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk))
 236                 return;
 237
 238         if (tp->snd_cwnd <= tp->snd_ssthresh)
 239                 tcp_slow_start(tp, acked);
 240         else {
 241                 /* In dangerous area, increase slowly.
 242                  * In theory this is tp->snd_cwnd += alpha / tp->snd_cwnd
 243                  */
 244                 if ((tp->snd_cwnd_cnt * ca->alpha)>>7 >= tp->snd_cwnd) {
 245                         if (tp->snd_cwnd < tp->snd_cwnd_clamp)
 246                                 tp->snd_cwnd++;
 247                         tp->snd_cwnd_cnt = 0;
 248                         htcp_alpha_update(ca);
 249                 } else
 250                         tp->snd_cwnd_cnt += ca->pkts_acked;
 251
 252                 ca->pkts_acked = 1;
 253         }
 254 }
 255
 256 static void htcp_init(struct sock *sk)
 257 {
 258         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 259
 260         memset(ca, 0, sizeof(struct htcp));
 261         ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
 262         ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 263         ca->pkts_acked = 1;
 264         ca->last_cong = jiffies;
 265 }
 266
 267 static void htcp_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
 268 {
 269         switch (new_state) {
 270         case TCP_CA_Open:
 271                 {
 272                         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 273                         if (ca->undo_last_cong) {
 274                                 ca->last_cong = jiffies;
 275                                 ca->undo_last_cong = 0;
 276                         }
 277                 }
 278                 break;
 279         case TCP_CA_CWR:
 280         case TCP_CA_Recovery:
 281         case TCP_CA_Loss:
 282                 htcp_reset(inet_csk_ca(sk));
 283                 break;
 284         }
 285 }
 286
 287 static struct tcp_congestion_ops htcp __read_mostly = {
 288         .init           = htcp_init,
 289         .ssthresh       = htcp_recalc_ssthresh,
 290         .cong_avoid     = htcp_cong_avoid,
 291         .set_state      = htcp_state,
 292         .undo_cwnd      = htcp_cwnd_undo,
 293         .pkts_acked     = measure_achieved_throughput,
 294         .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
 295         .name           = "htcp",
 296 };
 297
 298 static int __init htcp_register(void)
 299 {
 300         BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct htcp) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
 301         BUILD_BUG_ON(BETA_MIN >= BETA_MAX);
 302         return tcp_register_congestion_control(&htcp);
 303 }
 304
 305 static void __exit htcp_unregister(void)
 306 {
 307         tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&htcp);
 308 }
 309
 310 module_init(htcp_register);
 311 module_exit(htcp_unregister);
 312
 313 MODULE_AUTHOR("Baruch Even");
 314 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 315 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("H-TCP");