2 * kexec.c - kexec system call
3 * Copyright (C) 2002-2004 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
5 * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License,
6 * Version 2. See the file COPYING for more details.
9 #include <linux/capability.h>
11 #include <linux/file.h>
12 #include <linux/slab.h>
14 #include <linux/kexec.h>
15 #include <linux/mutex.h>
16 #include <linux/list.h>
17 #include <linux/highmem.h>
18 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
19 #include <linux/reboot.h>
20 #include <linux/ioport.h>
21 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
22 #include <linux/elf.h>
23 #include <linux/elfcore.h>
24 #include <linux/utsname.h>
25 #include <linux/numa.h>
26 #include <linux/suspend.h>
27 #include <linux/device.h>
28 #include <linux/freezer.h>
30 #include <linux/cpu.h>
31 #include <linux/console.h>
32 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
33 #include <linux/swap.h>
34 #include <linux/syscore_ops.h>
37 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
39 #include <asm/sections.h>
41 /* Per cpu memory for storing cpu states in case of system crash. */
42 note_buf_t __percpu
*crash_notes
;
44 /* vmcoreinfo stuff */
45 static unsigned char vmcoreinfo_data
[VMCOREINFO_BYTES
];
46 u32 vmcoreinfo_note
[VMCOREINFO_NOTE_SIZE
/4];
47 size_t vmcoreinfo_size
;
48 size_t vmcoreinfo_max_size
= sizeof(vmcoreinfo_data
);
50 /* Flag to indicate we are going to kexec a new kernel */
51 bool kexec_in_progress
= false;
53 /* Location of the reserved area for the crash kernel */
54 struct resource crashk_res
= {
55 .name
= "Crash kernel",
58 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
60 struct resource crashk_low_res
= {
61 .name
= "Crash kernel",
64 .flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
67 int kexec_should_crash(struct task_struct
*p
)
69 if (in_interrupt() || !p
->pid
|| is_global_init(p
) || panic_on_oops
)
75 * When kexec transitions to the new kernel there is a one-to-one
76 * mapping between physical and virtual addresses. On processors
77 * where you can disable the MMU this is trivial, and easy. For
78 * others it is still a simple predictable page table to setup.
80 * In that environment kexec copies the new kernel to its final
81 * resting place. This means I can only support memory whose
82 * physical address can fit in an unsigned long. In particular
83 * addresses where (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) > ULONG_MAX cannot be handled.
84 * If the assembly stub has more restrictive requirements
85 * KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT and KEXEC_DEST_MEMORY_LIMIT can be
86 * defined more restrictively in <asm/kexec.h>.
88 * The code for the transition from the current kernel to the
89 * the new kernel is placed in the control_code_buffer, whose size
90 * is given by KEXEC_CONTROL_PAGE_SIZE. In the best case only a single
91 * page of memory is necessary, but some architectures require more.
92 * Because this memory must be identity mapped in the transition from
93 * virtual to physical addresses it must live in the range
94 * 0 - TASK_SIZE, as only the user space mappings are arbitrarily
97 * The assembly stub in the control code buffer is passed a linked list
98 * of descriptor pages detailing the source pages of the new kernel,
99 * and the destination addresses of those source pages. As this data
100 * structure is not used in the context of the current OS, it must
103 * The code has been made to work with highmem pages and will use a
104 * destination page in its final resting place (if it happens
105 * to allocate it). The end product of this is that most of the
106 * physical address space, and most of RAM can be used.
108 * Future directions include:
109 * - allocating a page table with the control code buffer identity
110 * mapped, to simplify machine_kexec and make kexec_on_panic more
115 * KIMAGE_NO_DEST is an impossible destination address..., for
116 * allocating pages whose destination address we do not care about.
118 #define KIMAGE_NO_DEST (-1UL)
120 static int kimage_is_destination_range(struct kimage
*image
,
121 unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
);
122 static struct page
*kimage_alloc_page(struct kimage
*image
,
126 static int do_kimage_alloc(struct kimage
**rimage
, unsigned long entry
,
127 unsigned long nr_segments
,
128 struct kexec_segment __user
*segments
)
130 size_t segment_bytes
;
131 struct kimage
*image
;
135 /* Allocate a controlling structure */
137 image
= kzalloc(sizeof(*image
), GFP_KERNEL
);
142 image
->entry
= &image
->head
;
143 image
->last_entry
= &image
->head
;
144 image
->control_page
= ~0; /* By default this does not apply */
145 image
->start
= entry
;
146 image
->type
= KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT
;
148 /* Initialize the list of control pages */
149 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image
->control_pages
);
151 /* Initialize the list of destination pages */
152 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image
->dest_pages
);
154 /* Initialize the list of unusable pages */
155 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&image
->unuseable_pages
);
157 /* Read in the segments */
158 image
->nr_segments
= nr_segments
;
159 segment_bytes
= nr_segments
* sizeof(*segments
);
160 result
= copy_from_user(image
->segment
, segments
, segment_bytes
);
167 * Verify we have good destination addresses. The caller is
168 * responsible for making certain we don't attempt to load
169 * the new image into invalid or reserved areas of RAM. This
170 * just verifies it is an address we can use.
172 * Since the kernel does everything in page size chunks ensure
173 * the destination addresses are page aligned. Too many
174 * special cases crop of when we don't do this. The most
175 * insidious is getting overlapping destination addresses
176 * simply because addresses are changed to page size
179 result
= -EADDRNOTAVAIL
;
180 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_segments
; i
++) {
181 unsigned long mstart
, mend
;
183 mstart
= image
->segment
[i
].mem
;
184 mend
= mstart
+ image
->segment
[i
].memsz
;
185 if ((mstart
& ~PAGE_MASK
) || (mend
& ~PAGE_MASK
))
187 if (mend
>= KEXEC_DESTINATION_MEMORY_LIMIT
)
191 /* Verify our destination addresses do not overlap.
192 * If we alloed overlapping destination addresses
193 * through very weird things can happen with no
194 * easy explanation as one segment stops on another.
197 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_segments
; i
++) {
198 unsigned long mstart
, mend
;
201 mstart
= image
->segment
[i
].mem
;
202 mend
= mstart
+ image
->segment
[i
].memsz
;
203 for (j
= 0; j
< i
; j
++) {
204 unsigned long pstart
, pend
;
205 pstart
= image
->segment
[j
].mem
;
206 pend
= pstart
+ image
->segment
[j
].memsz
;
207 /* Do the segments overlap ? */
208 if ((mend
> pstart
) && (mstart
< pend
))
213 /* Ensure our buffer sizes are strictly less than
214 * our memory sizes. This should always be the case,
215 * and it is easier to check up front than to be surprised
219 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_segments
; i
++) {
220 if (image
->segment
[i
].bufsz
> image
->segment
[i
].memsz
)
235 static void kimage_free_page_list(struct list_head
*list
);
237 static int kimage_normal_alloc(struct kimage
**rimage
, unsigned long entry
,
238 unsigned long nr_segments
,
239 struct kexec_segment __user
*segments
)
242 struct kimage
*image
;
244 /* Allocate and initialize a controlling structure */
246 result
= do_kimage_alloc(&image
, entry
, nr_segments
, segments
);
251 * Find a location for the control code buffer, and add it
252 * the vector of segments so that it's pages will also be
253 * counted as destination pages.
256 image
->control_code_page
= kimage_alloc_control_pages(image
,
257 get_order(KEXEC_CONTROL_PAGE_SIZE
));
258 if (!image
->control_code_page
) {
259 printk(KERN_ERR
"Could not allocate control_code_buffer\n");
263 image
->swap_page
= kimage_alloc_control_pages(image
, 0);
264 if (!image
->swap_page
) {
265 printk(KERN_ERR
"Could not allocate swap buffer\n");
273 kimage_free_page_list(&image
->control_pages
);
279 static int kimage_crash_alloc(struct kimage
**rimage
, unsigned long entry
,
280 unsigned long nr_segments
,
281 struct kexec_segment __user
*segments
)
284 struct kimage
*image
;
288 /* Verify we have a valid entry point */
289 if ((entry
< crashk_res
.start
) || (entry
> crashk_res
.end
)) {
290 result
= -EADDRNOTAVAIL
;
294 /* Allocate and initialize a controlling structure */
295 result
= do_kimage_alloc(&image
, entry
, nr_segments
, segments
);
299 /* Enable the special crash kernel control page
302 image
->control_page
= crashk_res
.start
;
303 image
->type
= KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH
;
306 * Verify we have good destination addresses. Normally
307 * the caller is responsible for making certain we don't
308 * attempt to load the new image into invalid or reserved
309 * areas of RAM. But crash kernels are preloaded into a
310 * reserved area of ram. We must ensure the addresses
311 * are in the reserved area otherwise preloading the
312 * kernel could corrupt things.
314 result
= -EADDRNOTAVAIL
;
315 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_segments
; i
++) {
316 unsigned long mstart
, mend
;
318 mstart
= image
->segment
[i
].mem
;
319 mend
= mstart
+ image
->segment
[i
].memsz
- 1;
320 /* Ensure we are within the crash kernel limits */
321 if ((mstart
< crashk_res
.start
) || (mend
> crashk_res
.end
))
326 * Find a location for the control code buffer, and add
327 * the vector of segments so that it's pages will also be
328 * counted as destination pages.
331 image
->control_code_page
= kimage_alloc_control_pages(image
,
332 get_order(KEXEC_CONTROL_PAGE_SIZE
));
333 if (!image
->control_code_page
) {
334 printk(KERN_ERR
"Could not allocate control_code_buffer\n");
347 static int kimage_is_destination_range(struct kimage
*image
,
353 for (i
= 0; i
< image
->nr_segments
; i
++) {
354 unsigned long mstart
, mend
;
356 mstart
= image
->segment
[i
].mem
;
357 mend
= mstart
+ image
->segment
[i
].memsz
;
358 if ((end
> mstart
) && (start
< mend
))
365 static struct page
*kimage_alloc_pages(gfp_t gfp_mask
, unsigned int order
)
369 pages
= alloc_pages(gfp_mask
, order
);
371 unsigned int count
, i
;
372 pages
->mapping
= NULL
;
373 set_page_private(pages
, order
);
375 for (i
= 0; i
< count
; i
++)
376 SetPageReserved(pages
+ i
);
382 static void kimage_free_pages(struct page
*page
)
384 unsigned int order
, count
, i
;
386 order
= page_private(page
);
388 for (i
= 0; i
< count
; i
++)
389 ClearPageReserved(page
+ i
);
390 __free_pages(page
, order
);
393 static void kimage_free_page_list(struct list_head
*list
)
395 struct list_head
*pos
, *next
;
397 list_for_each_safe(pos
, next
, list
) {
400 page
= list_entry(pos
, struct page
, lru
);
401 list_del(&page
->lru
);
402 kimage_free_pages(page
);
406 static struct page
*kimage_alloc_normal_control_pages(struct kimage
*image
,
409 /* Control pages are special, they are the intermediaries
410 * that are needed while we copy the rest of the pages
411 * to their final resting place. As such they must
412 * not conflict with either the destination addresses
413 * or memory the kernel is already using.
415 * The only case where we really need more than one of
416 * these are for architectures where we cannot disable
417 * the MMU and must instead generate an identity mapped
418 * page table for all of the memory.
420 * At worst this runs in O(N) of the image size.
422 struct list_head extra_pages
;
427 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&extra_pages
);
429 /* Loop while I can allocate a page and the page allocated
430 * is a destination page.
433 unsigned long pfn
, epfn
, addr
, eaddr
;
435 pages
= kimage_alloc_pages(GFP_KERNEL
, order
);
438 pfn
= page_to_pfn(pages
);
440 addr
= pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
441 eaddr
= epfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
442 if ((epfn
>= (KEXEC_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT
>> PAGE_SHIFT
)) ||
443 kimage_is_destination_range(image
, addr
, eaddr
)) {
444 list_add(&pages
->lru
, &extra_pages
);
450 /* Remember the allocated page... */
451 list_add(&pages
->lru
, &image
->control_pages
);
453 /* Because the page is already in it's destination
454 * location we will never allocate another page at
455 * that address. Therefore kimage_alloc_pages
456 * will not return it (again) and we don't need
457 * to give it an entry in image->segment[].
460 /* Deal with the destination pages I have inadvertently allocated.
462 * Ideally I would convert multi-page allocations into single
463 * page allocations, and add everything to image->dest_pages.
465 * For now it is simpler to just free the pages.
467 kimage_free_page_list(&extra_pages
);
472 static struct page
*kimage_alloc_crash_control_pages(struct kimage
*image
,
475 /* Control pages are special, they are the intermediaries
476 * that are needed while we copy the rest of the pages
477 * to their final resting place. As such they must
478 * not conflict with either the destination addresses
479 * or memory the kernel is already using.
481 * Control pages are also the only pags we must allocate
482 * when loading a crash kernel. All of the other pages
483 * are specified by the segments and we just memcpy
484 * into them directly.
486 * The only case where we really need more than one of
487 * these are for architectures where we cannot disable
488 * the MMU and must instead generate an identity mapped
489 * page table for all of the memory.
491 * Given the low demand this implements a very simple
492 * allocator that finds the first hole of the appropriate
493 * size in the reserved memory region, and allocates all
494 * of the memory up to and including the hole.
496 unsigned long hole_start
, hole_end
, size
;
500 size
= (1 << order
) << PAGE_SHIFT
;
501 hole_start
= (image
->control_page
+ (size
- 1)) & ~(size
- 1);
502 hole_end
= hole_start
+ size
- 1;
503 while (hole_end
<= crashk_res
.end
) {
506 if (hole_end
> KEXEC_CRASH_CONTROL_MEMORY_LIMIT
)
508 /* See if I overlap any of the segments */
509 for (i
= 0; i
< image
->nr_segments
; i
++) {
510 unsigned long mstart
, mend
;
512 mstart
= image
->segment
[i
].mem
;
513 mend
= mstart
+ image
->segment
[i
].memsz
- 1;
514 if ((hole_end
>= mstart
) && (hole_start
<= mend
)) {
515 /* Advance the hole to the end of the segment */
516 hole_start
= (mend
+ (size
- 1)) & ~(size
- 1);
517 hole_end
= hole_start
+ size
- 1;
521 /* If I don't overlap any segments I have found my hole! */
522 if (i
== image
->nr_segments
) {
523 pages
= pfn_to_page(hole_start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
528 image
->control_page
= hole_end
;
534 struct page
*kimage_alloc_control_pages(struct kimage
*image
,
537 struct page
*pages
= NULL
;
539 switch (image
->type
) {
540 case KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT
:
541 pages
= kimage_alloc_normal_control_pages(image
, order
);
543 case KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH
:
544 pages
= kimage_alloc_crash_control_pages(image
, order
);
551 static int kimage_add_entry(struct kimage
*image
, kimage_entry_t entry
)
553 if (*image
->entry
!= 0)
556 if (image
->entry
== image
->last_entry
) {
557 kimage_entry_t
*ind_page
;
560 page
= kimage_alloc_page(image
, GFP_KERNEL
, KIMAGE_NO_DEST
);
564 ind_page
= page_address(page
);
565 *image
->entry
= virt_to_phys(ind_page
) | IND_INDIRECTION
;
566 image
->entry
= ind_page
;
567 image
->last_entry
= ind_page
+
568 ((PAGE_SIZE
/sizeof(kimage_entry_t
)) - 1);
570 *image
->entry
= entry
;
577 static int kimage_set_destination(struct kimage
*image
,
578 unsigned long destination
)
582 destination
&= PAGE_MASK
;
583 result
= kimage_add_entry(image
, destination
| IND_DESTINATION
);
585 image
->destination
= destination
;
591 static int kimage_add_page(struct kimage
*image
, unsigned long page
)
596 result
= kimage_add_entry(image
, page
| IND_SOURCE
);
598 image
->destination
+= PAGE_SIZE
;
604 static void kimage_free_extra_pages(struct kimage
*image
)
606 /* Walk through and free any extra destination pages I may have */
607 kimage_free_page_list(&image
->dest_pages
);
609 /* Walk through and free any unusable pages I have cached */
610 kimage_free_page_list(&image
->unuseable_pages
);
613 static void kimage_terminate(struct kimage
*image
)
615 if (*image
->entry
!= 0)
618 *image
->entry
= IND_DONE
;
621 #define for_each_kimage_entry(image, ptr, entry) \
622 for (ptr = &image->head; (entry = *ptr) && !(entry & IND_DONE); \
623 ptr = (entry & IND_INDIRECTION)? \
624 phys_to_virt((entry & PAGE_MASK)): ptr +1)
626 static void kimage_free_entry(kimage_entry_t entry
)
630 page
= pfn_to_page(entry
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
631 kimage_free_pages(page
);
634 static void kimage_free(struct kimage
*image
)
636 kimage_entry_t
*ptr
, entry
;
637 kimage_entry_t ind
= 0;
642 kimage_free_extra_pages(image
);
643 for_each_kimage_entry(image
, ptr
, entry
) {
644 if (entry
& IND_INDIRECTION
) {
645 /* Free the previous indirection page */
646 if (ind
& IND_INDIRECTION
)
647 kimage_free_entry(ind
);
648 /* Save this indirection page until we are
653 else if (entry
& IND_SOURCE
)
654 kimage_free_entry(entry
);
656 /* Free the final indirection page */
657 if (ind
& IND_INDIRECTION
)
658 kimage_free_entry(ind
);
660 /* Handle any machine specific cleanup */
661 machine_kexec_cleanup(image
);
663 /* Free the kexec control pages... */
664 kimage_free_page_list(&image
->control_pages
);
668 static kimage_entry_t
*kimage_dst_used(struct kimage
*image
,
671 kimage_entry_t
*ptr
, entry
;
672 unsigned long destination
= 0;
674 for_each_kimage_entry(image
, ptr
, entry
) {
675 if (entry
& IND_DESTINATION
)
676 destination
= entry
& PAGE_MASK
;
677 else if (entry
& IND_SOURCE
) {
678 if (page
== destination
)
680 destination
+= PAGE_SIZE
;
687 static struct page
*kimage_alloc_page(struct kimage
*image
,
689 unsigned long destination
)
692 * Here we implement safeguards to ensure that a source page
693 * is not copied to its destination page before the data on
694 * the destination page is no longer useful.
696 * To do this we maintain the invariant that a source page is
697 * either its own destination page, or it is not a
698 * destination page at all.
700 * That is slightly stronger than required, but the proof
701 * that no problems will not occur is trivial, and the
702 * implementation is simply to verify.
704 * When allocating all pages normally this algorithm will run
705 * in O(N) time, but in the worst case it will run in O(N^2)
706 * time. If the runtime is a problem the data structures can
713 * Walk through the list of destination pages, and see if I
716 list_for_each_entry(page
, &image
->dest_pages
, lru
) {
717 addr
= page_to_pfn(page
) << PAGE_SHIFT
;
718 if (addr
== destination
) {
719 list_del(&page
->lru
);
727 /* Allocate a page, if we run out of memory give up */
728 page
= kimage_alloc_pages(gfp_mask
, 0);
731 /* If the page cannot be used file it away */
732 if (page_to_pfn(page
) >
733 (KEXEC_SOURCE_MEMORY_LIMIT
>> PAGE_SHIFT
)) {
734 list_add(&page
->lru
, &image
->unuseable_pages
);
737 addr
= page_to_pfn(page
) << PAGE_SHIFT
;
739 /* If it is the destination page we want use it */
740 if (addr
== destination
)
743 /* If the page is not a destination page use it */
744 if (!kimage_is_destination_range(image
, addr
,
749 * I know that the page is someones destination page.
750 * See if there is already a source page for this
751 * destination page. And if so swap the source pages.
753 old
= kimage_dst_used(image
, addr
);
756 unsigned long old_addr
;
757 struct page
*old_page
;
759 old_addr
= *old
& PAGE_MASK
;
760 old_page
= pfn_to_page(old_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
761 copy_highpage(page
, old_page
);
762 *old
= addr
| (*old
& ~PAGE_MASK
);
764 /* The old page I have found cannot be a
765 * destination page, so return it if it's
766 * gfp_flags honor the ones passed in.
768 if (!(gfp_mask
& __GFP_HIGHMEM
) &&
769 PageHighMem(old_page
)) {
770 kimage_free_pages(old_page
);
778 /* Place the page on the destination list I
781 list_add(&page
->lru
, &image
->dest_pages
);
788 static int kimage_load_normal_segment(struct kimage
*image
,
789 struct kexec_segment
*segment
)
792 size_t ubytes
, mbytes
;
794 unsigned char __user
*buf
;
798 ubytes
= segment
->bufsz
;
799 mbytes
= segment
->memsz
;
800 maddr
= segment
->mem
;
802 result
= kimage_set_destination(image
, maddr
);
809 size_t uchunk
, mchunk
;
811 page
= kimage_alloc_page(image
, GFP_HIGHUSER
, maddr
);
816 result
= kimage_add_page(image
, page_to_pfn(page
)
822 /* Start with a clear page */
824 ptr
+= maddr
& ~PAGE_MASK
;
825 mchunk
= min_t(size_t, mbytes
,
826 PAGE_SIZE
- (maddr
& ~PAGE_MASK
));
827 uchunk
= min(ubytes
, mchunk
);
829 result
= copy_from_user(ptr
, buf
, uchunk
);
844 static int kimage_load_crash_segment(struct kimage
*image
,
845 struct kexec_segment
*segment
)
847 /* For crash dumps kernels we simply copy the data from
848 * user space to it's destination.
849 * We do things a page at a time for the sake of kmap.
852 size_t ubytes
, mbytes
;
854 unsigned char __user
*buf
;
858 ubytes
= segment
->bufsz
;
859 mbytes
= segment
->memsz
;
860 maddr
= segment
->mem
;
864 size_t uchunk
, mchunk
;
866 page
= pfn_to_page(maddr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
872 ptr
+= maddr
& ~PAGE_MASK
;
873 mchunk
= min_t(size_t, mbytes
,
874 PAGE_SIZE
- (maddr
& ~PAGE_MASK
));
875 uchunk
= min(ubytes
, mchunk
);
876 if (mchunk
> uchunk
) {
877 /* Zero the trailing part of the page */
878 memset(ptr
+ uchunk
, 0, mchunk
- uchunk
);
880 result
= copy_from_user(ptr
, buf
, uchunk
);
881 kexec_flush_icache_page(page
);
896 static int kimage_load_segment(struct kimage
*image
,
897 struct kexec_segment
*segment
)
899 int result
= -ENOMEM
;
901 switch (image
->type
) {
902 case KEXEC_TYPE_DEFAULT
:
903 result
= kimage_load_normal_segment(image
, segment
);
905 case KEXEC_TYPE_CRASH
:
906 result
= kimage_load_crash_segment(image
, segment
);
914 * Exec Kernel system call: for obvious reasons only root may call it.
916 * This call breaks up into three pieces.
917 * - A generic part which loads the new kernel from the current
918 * address space, and very carefully places the data in the
921 * - A generic part that interacts with the kernel and tells all of
922 * the devices to shut down. Preventing on-going dmas, and placing
923 * the devices in a consistent state so a later kernel can
926 * - A machine specific part that includes the syscall number
927 * and then copies the image to it's final destination. And
928 * jumps into the image at entry.
930 * kexec does not sync, or unmount filesystems so if you need
931 * that to happen you need to do that yourself.
933 struct kimage
*kexec_image
;
934 struct kimage
*kexec_crash_image
;
935 int kexec_load_disabled
;
937 static DEFINE_MUTEX(kexec_mutex
);
939 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(kexec_load
, unsigned long, entry
, unsigned long, nr_segments
,
940 struct kexec_segment __user
*, segments
, unsigned long, flags
)
942 struct kimage
**dest_image
, *image
;
945 /* We only trust the superuser with rebooting the system. */
946 if (!capable(CAP_SYS_BOOT
) || kexec_load_disabled
)
950 * Verify we have a legal set of flags
951 * This leaves us room for future extensions.
953 if ((flags
& KEXEC_FLAGS
) != (flags
& ~KEXEC_ARCH_MASK
))
956 /* Verify we are on the appropriate architecture */
957 if (((flags
& KEXEC_ARCH_MASK
) != KEXEC_ARCH
) &&
958 ((flags
& KEXEC_ARCH_MASK
) != KEXEC_ARCH_DEFAULT
))
961 /* Put an artificial cap on the number
962 * of segments passed to kexec_load.
964 if (nr_segments
> KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX
)
970 /* Because we write directly to the reserved memory
971 * region when loading crash kernels we need a mutex here to
972 * prevent multiple crash kernels from attempting to load
973 * simultaneously, and to prevent a crash kernel from loading
974 * over the top of a in use crash kernel.
976 * KISS: always take the mutex.
978 if (!mutex_trylock(&kexec_mutex
))
981 dest_image
= &kexec_image
;
982 if (flags
& KEXEC_ON_CRASH
)
983 dest_image
= &kexec_crash_image
;
984 if (nr_segments
> 0) {
987 /* Loading another kernel to reboot into */
988 if ((flags
& KEXEC_ON_CRASH
) == 0)
989 result
= kimage_normal_alloc(&image
, entry
,
990 nr_segments
, segments
);
991 /* Loading another kernel to switch to if this one crashes */
992 else if (flags
& KEXEC_ON_CRASH
) {
993 /* Free any current crash dump kernel before
996 kimage_free(xchg(&kexec_crash_image
, NULL
));
997 result
= kimage_crash_alloc(&image
, entry
,
998 nr_segments
, segments
);
999 crash_map_reserved_pages();
1004 if (flags
& KEXEC_PRESERVE_CONTEXT
)
1005 image
->preserve_context
= 1;
1006 result
= machine_kexec_prepare(image
);
1010 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_segments
; i
++) {
1011 result
= kimage_load_segment(image
, &image
->segment
[i
]);
1015 kimage_terminate(image
);
1016 if (flags
& KEXEC_ON_CRASH
)
1017 crash_unmap_reserved_pages();
1019 /* Install the new kernel, and Uninstall the old */
1020 image
= xchg(dest_image
, image
);
1023 mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex
);
1030 * Add and remove page tables for crashkernel memory
1032 * Provide an empty default implementation here -- architecture
1033 * code may override this
1035 void __weak
crash_map_reserved_pages(void)
1038 void __weak
crash_unmap_reserved_pages(void)
1041 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
1042 asmlinkage
long compat_sys_kexec_load(unsigned long entry
,
1043 unsigned long nr_segments
,
1044 struct compat_kexec_segment __user
*segments
,
1045 unsigned long flags
)
1047 struct compat_kexec_segment in
;
1048 struct kexec_segment out
, __user
*ksegments
;
1049 unsigned long i
, result
;
1051 /* Don't allow clients that don't understand the native
1052 * architecture to do anything.
1054 if ((flags
& KEXEC_ARCH_MASK
) == KEXEC_ARCH_DEFAULT
)
1057 if (nr_segments
> KEXEC_SEGMENT_MAX
)
1060 ksegments
= compat_alloc_user_space(nr_segments
* sizeof(out
));
1061 for (i
=0; i
< nr_segments
; i
++) {
1062 result
= copy_from_user(&in
, &segments
[i
], sizeof(in
));
1066 out
.buf
= compat_ptr(in
.buf
);
1067 out
.bufsz
= in
.bufsz
;
1069 out
.memsz
= in
.memsz
;
1071 result
= copy_to_user(&ksegments
[i
], &out
, sizeof(out
));
1076 return sys_kexec_load(entry
, nr_segments
, ksegments
, flags
);
1080 void crash_kexec(struct pt_regs
*regs
)
1082 /* Take the kexec_mutex here to prevent sys_kexec_load
1083 * running on one cpu from replacing the crash kernel
1084 * we are using after a panic on a different cpu.
1086 * If the crash kernel was not located in a fixed area
1087 * of memory the xchg(&kexec_crash_image) would be
1088 * sufficient. But since I reuse the memory...
1090 if (mutex_trylock(&kexec_mutex
)) {
1091 if (kexec_crash_image
) {
1092 struct pt_regs fixed_regs
;
1094 crash_setup_regs(&fixed_regs
, regs
);
1095 crash_save_vmcoreinfo();
1096 machine_crash_shutdown(&fixed_regs
);
1097 machine_kexec(kexec_crash_image
);
1099 mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex
);
1103 size_t crash_get_memory_size(void)
1106 mutex_lock(&kexec_mutex
);
1107 if (crashk_res
.end
!= crashk_res
.start
)
1108 size
= resource_size(&crashk_res
);
1109 mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex
);
1113 void __weak
crash_free_reserved_phys_range(unsigned long begin
,
1118 for (addr
= begin
; addr
< end
; addr
+= PAGE_SIZE
)
1119 free_reserved_page(pfn_to_page(addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
));
1122 int crash_shrink_memory(unsigned long new_size
)
1125 unsigned long start
, end
;
1126 unsigned long old_size
;
1127 struct resource
*ram_res
;
1129 mutex_lock(&kexec_mutex
);
1131 if (kexec_crash_image
) {
1135 start
= crashk_res
.start
;
1136 end
= crashk_res
.end
;
1137 old_size
= (end
== 0) ? 0 : end
- start
+ 1;
1138 if (new_size
>= old_size
) {
1139 ret
= (new_size
== old_size
) ? 0 : -EINVAL
;
1143 ram_res
= kzalloc(sizeof(*ram_res
), GFP_KERNEL
);
1149 start
= roundup(start
, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN
);
1150 end
= roundup(start
+ new_size
, KEXEC_CRASH_MEM_ALIGN
);
1152 crash_map_reserved_pages();
1153 crash_free_reserved_phys_range(end
, crashk_res
.end
);
1155 if ((start
== end
) && (crashk_res
.parent
!= NULL
))
1156 release_resource(&crashk_res
);
1158 ram_res
->start
= end
;
1159 ram_res
->end
= crashk_res
.end
;
1160 ram_res
->flags
= IORESOURCE_BUSY
| IORESOURCE_MEM
;
1161 ram_res
->name
= "System RAM";
1163 crashk_res
.end
= end
- 1;
1165 insert_resource(&iomem_resource
, ram_res
);
1166 crash_unmap_reserved_pages();
1169 mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex
);
1173 static u32
*append_elf_note(u32
*buf
, char *name
, unsigned type
, void *data
,
1176 struct elf_note note
;
1178 note
.n_namesz
= strlen(name
) + 1;
1179 note
.n_descsz
= data_len
;
1181 memcpy(buf
, ¬e
, sizeof(note
));
1182 buf
+= (sizeof(note
) + 3)/4;
1183 memcpy(buf
, name
, note
.n_namesz
);
1184 buf
+= (note
.n_namesz
+ 3)/4;
1185 memcpy(buf
, data
, note
.n_descsz
);
1186 buf
+= (note
.n_descsz
+ 3)/4;
1191 static void final_note(u32
*buf
)
1193 struct elf_note note
;
1198 memcpy(buf
, ¬e
, sizeof(note
));
1201 void crash_save_cpu(struct pt_regs
*regs
, int cpu
)
1203 struct elf_prstatus prstatus
;
1206 if ((cpu
< 0) || (cpu
>= nr_cpu_ids
))
1209 /* Using ELF notes here is opportunistic.
1210 * I need a well defined structure format
1211 * for the data I pass, and I need tags
1212 * on the data to indicate what information I have
1213 * squirrelled away. ELF notes happen to provide
1214 * all of that, so there is no need to invent something new.
1216 buf
= (u32
*)per_cpu_ptr(crash_notes
, cpu
);
1219 memset(&prstatus
, 0, sizeof(prstatus
));
1220 prstatus
.pr_pid
= current
->pid
;
1221 elf_core_copy_kernel_regs(&prstatus
.pr_reg
, regs
);
1222 buf
= append_elf_note(buf
, KEXEC_CORE_NOTE_NAME
, NT_PRSTATUS
,
1223 &prstatus
, sizeof(prstatus
));
1227 static int __init
crash_notes_memory_init(void)
1229 /* Allocate memory for saving cpu registers. */
1230 crash_notes
= alloc_percpu(note_buf_t
);
1232 printk("Kexec: Memory allocation for saving cpu register"
1233 " states failed\n");
1238 module_init(crash_notes_memory_init
)
1242 * parsing the "crashkernel" commandline
1244 * this code is intended to be called from architecture specific code
1249 * This function parses command lines in the format
1251 * crashkernel=ramsize-range:size[,...][@offset]
1253 * The function returns 0 on success and -EINVAL on failure.
1255 static int __init
parse_crashkernel_mem(char *cmdline
,
1256 unsigned long long system_ram
,
1257 unsigned long long *crash_size
,
1258 unsigned long long *crash_base
)
1260 char *cur
= cmdline
, *tmp
;
1262 /* for each entry of the comma-separated list */
1264 unsigned long long start
, end
= ULLONG_MAX
, size
;
1266 /* get the start of the range */
1267 start
= memparse(cur
, &tmp
);
1269 pr_warning("crashkernel: Memory value expected\n");
1274 pr_warning("crashkernel: '-' expected\n");
1279 /* if no ':' is here, than we read the end */
1281 end
= memparse(cur
, &tmp
);
1283 pr_warning("crashkernel: Memory "
1284 "value expected\n");
1289 pr_warning("crashkernel: end <= start\n");
1295 pr_warning("crashkernel: ':' expected\n");
1300 size
= memparse(cur
, &tmp
);
1302 pr_warning("Memory value expected\n");
1306 if (size
>= system_ram
) {
1307 pr_warning("crashkernel: invalid size\n");
1312 if (system_ram
>= start
&& system_ram
< end
) {
1316 } while (*cur
++ == ',');
1318 if (*crash_size
> 0) {
1319 while (*cur
&& *cur
!= ' ' && *cur
!= '@')
1323 *crash_base
= memparse(cur
, &tmp
);
1325 pr_warning("Memory value expected "
1336 * That function parses "simple" (old) crashkernel command lines like
1338 * crashkernel=size[@offset]
1340 * It returns 0 on success and -EINVAL on failure.
1342 static int __init
parse_crashkernel_simple(char *cmdline
,
1343 unsigned long long *crash_size
,
1344 unsigned long long *crash_base
)
1346 char *cur
= cmdline
;
1348 *crash_size
= memparse(cmdline
, &cur
);
1349 if (cmdline
== cur
) {
1350 pr_warning("crashkernel: memory value expected\n");
1355 *crash_base
= memparse(cur
+1, &cur
);
1356 else if (*cur
!= ' ' && *cur
!= '\0') {
1357 pr_warning("crashkernel: unrecognized char\n");
1364 #define SUFFIX_HIGH 0
1365 #define SUFFIX_LOW 1
1366 #define SUFFIX_NULL 2
1367 static __initdata
char *suffix_tbl
[] = {
1368 [SUFFIX_HIGH
] = ",high",
1369 [SUFFIX_LOW
] = ",low",
1370 [SUFFIX_NULL
] = NULL
,
1374 * That function parses "suffix" crashkernel command lines like
1376 * crashkernel=size,[high|low]
1378 * It returns 0 on success and -EINVAL on failure.
1380 static int __init
parse_crashkernel_suffix(char *cmdline
,
1381 unsigned long long *crash_size
,
1382 unsigned long long *crash_base
,
1385 char *cur
= cmdline
;
1387 *crash_size
= memparse(cmdline
, &cur
);
1388 if (cmdline
== cur
) {
1389 pr_warn("crashkernel: memory value expected\n");
1393 /* check with suffix */
1394 if (strncmp(cur
, suffix
, strlen(suffix
))) {
1395 pr_warn("crashkernel: unrecognized char\n");
1398 cur
+= strlen(suffix
);
1399 if (*cur
!= ' ' && *cur
!= '\0') {
1400 pr_warn("crashkernel: unrecognized char\n");
1407 static __init
char *get_last_crashkernel(char *cmdline
,
1411 char *p
= cmdline
, *ck_cmdline
= NULL
;
1413 /* find crashkernel and use the last one if there are more */
1414 p
= strstr(p
, name
);
1416 char *end_p
= strchr(p
, ' ');
1420 end_p
= p
+ strlen(p
);
1425 /* skip the one with any known suffix */
1426 for (i
= 0; suffix_tbl
[i
]; i
++) {
1427 q
= end_p
- strlen(suffix_tbl
[i
]);
1428 if (!strncmp(q
, suffix_tbl
[i
],
1429 strlen(suffix_tbl
[i
])))
1434 q
= end_p
- strlen(suffix
);
1435 if (!strncmp(q
, suffix
, strlen(suffix
)))
1439 p
= strstr(p
+1, name
);
1448 static int __init
__parse_crashkernel(char *cmdline
,
1449 unsigned long long system_ram
,
1450 unsigned long long *crash_size
,
1451 unsigned long long *crash_base
,
1455 char *first_colon
, *first_space
;
1458 BUG_ON(!crash_size
|| !crash_base
);
1462 ck_cmdline
= get_last_crashkernel(cmdline
, name
, suffix
);
1467 ck_cmdline
+= strlen(name
);
1470 return parse_crashkernel_suffix(ck_cmdline
, crash_size
,
1471 crash_base
, suffix
);
1473 * if the commandline contains a ':', then that's the extended
1474 * syntax -- if not, it must be the classic syntax
1476 first_colon
= strchr(ck_cmdline
, ':');
1477 first_space
= strchr(ck_cmdline
, ' ');
1478 if (first_colon
&& (!first_space
|| first_colon
< first_space
))
1479 return parse_crashkernel_mem(ck_cmdline
, system_ram
,
1480 crash_size
, crash_base
);
1482 return parse_crashkernel_simple(ck_cmdline
, crash_size
, crash_base
);
1486 * That function is the entry point for command line parsing and should be
1487 * called from the arch-specific code.
1489 int __init
parse_crashkernel(char *cmdline
,
1490 unsigned long long system_ram
,
1491 unsigned long long *crash_size
,
1492 unsigned long long *crash_base
)
1494 return __parse_crashkernel(cmdline
, system_ram
, crash_size
, crash_base
,
1495 "crashkernel=", NULL
);
1498 int __init
parse_crashkernel_high(char *cmdline
,
1499 unsigned long long system_ram
,
1500 unsigned long long *crash_size
,
1501 unsigned long long *crash_base
)
1503 return __parse_crashkernel(cmdline
, system_ram
, crash_size
, crash_base
,
1504 "crashkernel=", suffix_tbl
[SUFFIX_HIGH
]);
1507 int __init
parse_crashkernel_low(char *cmdline
,
1508 unsigned long long system_ram
,
1509 unsigned long long *crash_size
,
1510 unsigned long long *crash_base
)
1512 return __parse_crashkernel(cmdline
, system_ram
, crash_size
, crash_base
,
1513 "crashkernel=", suffix_tbl
[SUFFIX_LOW
]);
1516 static void update_vmcoreinfo_note(void)
1518 u32
*buf
= vmcoreinfo_note
;
1520 if (!vmcoreinfo_size
)
1522 buf
= append_elf_note(buf
, VMCOREINFO_NOTE_NAME
, 0, vmcoreinfo_data
,
1527 void crash_save_vmcoreinfo(void)
1529 vmcoreinfo_append_str("CRASHTIME=%ld\n", get_seconds());
1530 update_vmcoreinfo_note();
1533 void vmcoreinfo_append_str(const char *fmt
, ...)
1539 va_start(args
, fmt
);
1540 r
= vscnprintf(buf
, sizeof(buf
), fmt
, args
);
1543 r
= min(r
, vmcoreinfo_max_size
- vmcoreinfo_size
);
1545 memcpy(&vmcoreinfo_data
[vmcoreinfo_size
], buf
, r
);
1547 vmcoreinfo_size
+= r
;
1551 * provide an empty default implementation here -- architecture
1552 * code may override this
1554 void __attribute__ ((weak
)) arch_crash_save_vmcoreinfo(void)
1557 unsigned long __attribute__ ((weak
)) paddr_vmcoreinfo_note(void)
1559 return __pa((unsigned long)(char *)&vmcoreinfo_note
);
1562 static int __init
crash_save_vmcoreinfo_init(void)
1564 VMCOREINFO_OSRELEASE(init_uts_ns
.name
.release
);
1565 VMCOREINFO_PAGESIZE(PAGE_SIZE
);
1567 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(init_uts_ns
);
1568 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(node_online_map
);
1570 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(swapper_pg_dir
);
1572 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(_stext
);
1573 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(vmap_area_list
);
1575 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
1576 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(mem_map
);
1577 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(contig_page_data
);
1579 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
1580 VMCOREINFO_SYMBOL(mem_section
);
1581 VMCOREINFO_LENGTH(mem_section
, NR_SECTION_ROOTS
);
1582 VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(mem_section
);
1583 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(mem_section
, section_mem_map
);
1585 VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(page
);
1586 VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(pglist_data
);
1587 VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(zone
);
1588 VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(free_area
);
1589 VMCOREINFO_STRUCT_SIZE(list_head
);
1590 VMCOREINFO_SIZE(nodemask_t
);
1591 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page
, flags
);
1592 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page
, _count
);
1593 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page
, mapping
);
1594 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page
, lru
);
1595 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page
, _mapcount
);
1596 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(page
, private);
1597 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data
, node_zones
);
1598 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data
, nr_zones
);
1599 #ifdef CONFIG_FLAT_NODE_MEM_MAP
1600 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data
, node_mem_map
);
1602 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data
, node_start_pfn
);
1603 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data
, node_spanned_pages
);
1604 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(pglist_data
, node_id
);
1605 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(zone
, free_area
);
1606 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(zone
, vm_stat
);
1607 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(zone
, spanned_pages
);
1608 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(free_area
, free_list
);
1609 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(list_head
, next
);
1610 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(list_head
, prev
);
1611 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(vmap_area
, va_start
);
1612 VMCOREINFO_OFFSET(vmap_area
, list
);
1613 VMCOREINFO_LENGTH(zone
.free_area
, MAX_ORDER
);
1614 log_buf_kexec_setup();
1615 VMCOREINFO_LENGTH(free_area
.free_list
, MIGRATE_TYPES
);
1616 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(NR_FREE_PAGES
);
1617 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_lru
);
1618 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_private
);
1619 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_swapcache
);
1620 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_slab
);
1621 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
1622 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PG_hwpoison
);
1624 VMCOREINFO_NUMBER(PAGE_BUDDY_MAPCOUNT_VALUE
);
1626 arch_crash_save_vmcoreinfo();
1627 update_vmcoreinfo_note();
1632 module_init(crash_save_vmcoreinfo_init
)
1635 * Move into place and start executing a preloaded standalone
1636 * executable. If nothing was preloaded return an error.
1638 int kernel_kexec(void)
1642 if (!mutex_trylock(&kexec_mutex
))
1649 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP
1650 if (kexec_image
->preserve_context
) {
1651 lock_system_sleep();
1652 pm_prepare_console();
1653 error
= freeze_processes();
1656 goto Restore_console
;
1659 error
= dpm_suspend_start(PMSG_FREEZE
);
1661 goto Resume_console
;
1662 /* At this point, dpm_suspend_start() has been called,
1663 * but *not* dpm_suspend_end(). We *must* call
1664 * dpm_suspend_end() now. Otherwise, drivers for
1665 * some devices (e.g. interrupt controllers) become
1666 * desynchronized with the actual state of the
1667 * hardware at resume time, and evil weirdness ensues.
1669 error
= dpm_suspend_end(PMSG_FREEZE
);
1671 goto Resume_devices
;
1672 error
= disable_nonboot_cpus();
1675 local_irq_disable();
1676 error
= syscore_suspend();
1682 kexec_in_progress
= true;
1683 kernel_restart_prepare(NULL
);
1684 migrate_to_reboot_cpu();
1687 * migrate_to_reboot_cpu() disables CPU hotplug assuming that
1688 * no further code needs to use CPU hotplug (which is true in
1689 * the reboot case). However, the kexec path depends on using
1690 * CPU hotplug again; so re-enable it here.
1692 cpu_hotplug_enable();
1693 printk(KERN_EMERG
"Starting new kernel\n");
1697 machine_kexec(kexec_image
);
1699 #ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_JUMP
1700 if (kexec_image
->preserve_context
) {
1705 enable_nonboot_cpus();
1706 dpm_resume_start(PMSG_RESTORE
);
1708 dpm_resume_end(PMSG_RESTORE
);
1713 pm_restore_console();
1714 unlock_system_sleep();
1719 mutex_unlock(&kexec_mutex
);