1 .. _stable_kernel_rules:
3 Everything you ever wanted to know about Linux -stable releases
4 ===============================================================
6 Rules on what kind of patches are accepted, and which ones are not, into the
9 - It must be obviously correct and tested.
10 - It cannot be bigger than 100 lines, with context.
11 - It must fix only one thing.
12 - It must fix a real bug that bothers people (not a, "This could be a
13 problem..." type thing).
14 - It must fix a problem that causes a build error (but not for things
15 marked CONFIG_BROKEN), an oops, a hang, data corruption, a real
16 security issue, or some "oh, that's not good" issue. In short, something
18 - Serious issues as reported by a user of a distribution kernel may also
19 be considered if they fix a notable performance or interactivity issue.
20 As these fixes are not as obvious and have a higher risk of a subtle
21 regression they should only be submitted by a distribution kernel
22 maintainer and include an addendum linking to a bugzilla entry if it
23 exists and additional information on the user-visible impact.
24 - New device IDs and quirks are also accepted.
25 - No "theoretical race condition" issues, unless an explanation of how the
26 race can be exploited is also provided.
27 - It cannot contain any "trivial" fixes in it (spelling changes,
28 whitespace cleanups, etc).
30 :ref:`Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst <submittingpatches>`
32 - It or an equivalent fix must already exist in Linus' tree (upstream).
35 Procedure for submitting patches to the -stable tree
36 ----------------------------------------------------
38 - If the patch covers files in net/ or drivers/net please follow netdev stable
39 submission guidelines as described in
40 Documentation/networking/netdev-FAQ.txt
41 - Security patches should not be handled (solely) by the -stable review
42 process but should follow the procedures in
43 :ref:`Documentation/admin-guide/security-bugs.rst <securitybugs>`.
45 For all other submissions, choose one of the following procedures
46 -----------------------------------------------------------------
53 To have the patch automatically included in the stable tree, add the tag
57 Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
59 in the sign-off area. Once the patch is merged it will be applied to
60 the stable tree without anything else needing to be done by the author
61 or subsystem maintainer.
68 After the patch has been merged to Linus' tree, send an email to
69 stable@vger.kernel.org containing the subject of the patch, the commit ID,
70 why you think it should be applied, and what kernel version you wish it to
78 Send the patch, after verifying that it follows the above rules, to
79 stable@vger.kernel.org. You must note the upstream commit ID in the
80 changelog of your submission, as well as the kernel version you wish
83 :ref:`option_1` is **strongly** preferred, is the easiest and most common.
84 :ref:`option_2` and :ref:`option_3` are more useful if the patch isn't deemed
85 worthy at the time it is applied to a public git tree (for instance, because
86 it deserves more regression testing first). :ref:`option_3` is especially
87 useful if the patch needs some special handling to apply to an older kernel
88 (e.g., if API's have changed in the meantime).
90 Note that for :ref:`option_3`, if the patch deviates from the original
91 upstream patch (for example because it had to be backported) this must be very
92 clearly documented and justified in the patch description.
94 The upstream commit ID must be specified with a separate line above the commit
99 commit <sha1> upstream.
101 Additionally, some patches submitted via Option 1 may have additional patch
102 prerequisites which can be cherry-picked. This can be specified in the following
103 format in the sign-off area:
107 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x: a1f84a3: sched: Check for idle
108 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x: 1b9508f: sched: Rate-limit newidle
109 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x: fd21073: sched: Fix affinity logic
110 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x
111 Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
113 The tag sequence has the meaning of:
117 git cherry-pick a1f84a3
118 git cherry-pick 1b9508f
119 git cherry-pick fd21073
120 git cherry-pick <this commit>
122 Also, some patches may have kernel version prerequisites. This can be
123 specified in the following format in the sign-off area:
127 Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.3.x
129 The tag has the meaning of:
133 git cherry-pick <this commit>
135 For each "-stable" tree starting with the specified version.
137 Following the submission:
139 - The sender will receive an ACK when the patch has been accepted into the
140 queue, or a NAK if the patch is rejected. This response might take a few
141 days, according to the developer's schedules.
142 - If accepted, the patch will be added to the -stable queue, for review by
143 other developers and by the relevant subsystem maintainer.
149 - When the -stable maintainers decide for a review cycle, the patches will be
150 sent to the review committee, and the maintainer of the affected area of
151 the patch (unless the submitter is the maintainer of the area) and CC: to
152 the linux-kernel mailing list.
153 - The review committee has 48 hours in which to ACK or NAK the patch.
154 - If the patch is rejected by a member of the committee, or linux-kernel
155 members object to the patch, bringing up issues that the maintainers and
156 members did not realize, the patch will be dropped from the queue.
157 - At the end of the review cycle, the ACKed patches will be added to the
158 latest -stable release, and a new -stable release will happen.
159 - Security patches will be accepted into the -stable tree directly from the
160 security kernel team, and not go through the normal review cycle.
161 Contact the kernel security team for more details on this procedure.
166 - The queues of patches, for both completed versions and in progress
167 versions can be found at:
169 https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/stable-queue.git
171 - The finalized and tagged releases of all stable kernels can be found
172 in separate branches per version at:
174 https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git
180 - This is made up of a number of kernel developers who have volunteered for
181 this task, and a few that haven't.