2 * Low-level exception handling code
4 * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Ltd.
5 * Authors: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
6 * Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
10 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
21 #include <linux/init.h>
22 #include <linux/linkage.h>
24 #include <asm/alternative.h>
25 #include <asm/assembler.h>
26 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
27 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
28 #include <asm/errno.h>
31 #include <asm/memory.h>
32 #include <asm/thread_info.h>
33 #include <asm/asm-uaccess.h>
34 #include <asm/unistd.h>
37 * Context tracking subsystem. Used to instrument transitions
38 * between user and kernel mode.
40 .macro ct_user_exit, syscall = 0
41 #ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING
42 bl context_tracking_user_exit
45 * Save/restore needed during syscalls. Restore syscall arguments from
46 * the values already saved on stack during kernel_entry.
49 ldp x2, x3, [sp, #S_X2]
50 ldp x4, x5, [sp, #S_X4]
51 ldp x6, x7, [sp, #S_X6]
57 #ifdef CONFIG_CONTEXT_TRACKING
58 bl context_tracking_user_enter
71 .macro kernel_entry, el, regsize = 64
72 sub sp, sp, #S_FRAME_SIZE
74 mov w0, w0 // zero upper 32 bits of x0
76 stp x0, x1, [sp, #16 * 0]
77 stp x2, x3, [sp, #16 * 1]
78 stp x4, x5, [sp, #16 * 2]
79 stp x6, x7, [sp, #16 * 3]
80 stp x8, x9, [sp, #16 * 4]
81 stp x10, x11, [sp, #16 * 5]
82 stp x12, x13, [sp, #16 * 6]
83 stp x14, x15, [sp, #16 * 7]
84 stp x16, x17, [sp, #16 * 8]
85 stp x18, x19, [sp, #16 * 9]
86 stp x20, x21, [sp, #16 * 10]
87 stp x22, x23, [sp, #16 * 11]
88 stp x24, x25, [sp, #16 * 12]
89 stp x26, x27, [sp, #16 * 13]
90 stp x28, x29, [sp, #16 * 14]
95 and tsk, tsk, #~(THREAD_SIZE - 1) // Ensure MDSCR_EL1.SS is clear,
96 ldr x19, [tsk, #TI_FLAGS] // since we can unmask debug
97 disable_step_tsk x19, x20 // exceptions when scheduling.
99 mov x29, xzr // fp pointed to user-space
101 add x21, sp, #S_FRAME_SIZE
103 /* Save the task's original addr_limit and set USER_DS (TASK_SIZE_64) */
104 ldr x20, [tsk, #TI_ADDR_LIMIT]
105 str x20, [sp, #S_ORIG_ADDR_LIMIT]
106 mov x20, #TASK_SIZE_64
107 str x20, [tsk, #TI_ADDR_LIMIT]
108 /* No need to reset PSTATE.UAO, hardware's already set it to 0 for us */
109 .endif /* \el == 0 */
112 stp lr, x21, [sp, #S_LR]
113 stp x22, x23, [sp, #S_PC]
116 * Set syscallno to -1 by default (overridden later if real syscall).
120 str x21, [sp, #S_SYSCALLNO]
124 * Set sp_el0 to current thread_info.
131 * Registers that may be useful after this macro is invoked:
135 * x23 - aborted PSTATE
139 .macro kernel_exit, el
141 /* Restore the task's original addr_limit. */
142 ldr x20, [sp, #S_ORIG_ADDR_LIMIT]
143 str x20, [tsk, #TI_ADDR_LIMIT]
145 /* No need to restore UAO, it will be restored from SPSR_EL1 */
148 ldp x21, x22, [sp, #S_PC] // load ELR, SPSR
151 ldr x23, [sp, #S_SP] // load return stack pointer
153 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_ERRATUM_845719
154 alternative_if ARM64_WORKAROUND_845719
156 #ifdef CONFIG_PID_IN_CONTEXTIDR
157 mrs x29, contextidr_el1
158 msr contextidr_el1, x29
160 msr contextidr_el1, xzr
163 alternative_else_nop_endif
166 msr elr_el1, x21 // set up the return data
168 ldp x0, x1, [sp, #16 * 0]
169 ldp x2, x3, [sp, #16 * 1]
170 ldp x4, x5, [sp, #16 * 2]
171 ldp x6, x7, [sp, #16 * 3]
172 ldp x8, x9, [sp, #16 * 4]
173 ldp x10, x11, [sp, #16 * 5]
174 ldp x12, x13, [sp, #16 * 6]
175 ldp x14, x15, [sp, #16 * 7]
176 ldp x16, x17, [sp, #16 * 8]
177 ldp x18, x19, [sp, #16 * 9]
178 ldp x20, x21, [sp, #16 * 10]
179 ldp x22, x23, [sp, #16 * 11]
180 ldp x24, x25, [sp, #16 * 12]
181 ldp x26, x27, [sp, #16 * 13]
182 ldp x28, x29, [sp, #16 * 14]
184 add sp, sp, #S_FRAME_SIZE // restore sp
185 eret // return to kernel
188 .macro get_thread_info, rd
192 .macro irq_stack_entry
193 mov x19, sp // preserve the original sp
196 * Compare sp with the current thread_info, if the top
197 * ~(THREAD_SIZE - 1) bits match, we are on a task stack, and
198 * should switch to the irq stack.
200 and x25, x19, #~(THREAD_SIZE - 1)
204 this_cpu_ptr irq_stack, x25, x26
205 mov x26, #IRQ_STACK_START_SP
208 /* switch to the irq stack */
212 * Add a dummy stack frame, this non-standard format is fixed up
215 stp x29, x19, [sp, #-16]!
222 * x19 should be preserved between irq_stack_entry and
225 .macro irq_stack_exit
230 * These are the registers used in the syscall handler, and allow us to
231 * have in theory up to 7 arguments to a function - x0 to x6.
233 * x7 is reserved for the system call number in 32-bit mode.
235 sc_nr .req x25 // number of system calls
236 scno .req x26 // syscall number
237 stbl .req x27 // syscall table pointer
238 tsk .req x28 // current thread_info
241 * Interrupt handling.
244 ldr_l x1, handle_arch_irq
256 .pushsection ".entry.text", "ax"
260 ventry el1_sync_invalid // Synchronous EL1t
261 ventry el1_irq_invalid // IRQ EL1t
262 ventry el1_fiq_invalid // FIQ EL1t
263 ventry el1_error_invalid // Error EL1t
265 ventry el1_sync // Synchronous EL1h
266 ventry el1_irq // IRQ EL1h
267 ventry el1_fiq_invalid // FIQ EL1h
268 ventry el1_error_invalid // Error EL1h
270 ventry el0_sync // Synchronous 64-bit EL0
271 ventry el0_irq // IRQ 64-bit EL0
272 ventry el0_fiq_invalid // FIQ 64-bit EL0
273 ventry el0_error_invalid // Error 64-bit EL0
276 ventry el0_sync_compat // Synchronous 32-bit EL0
277 ventry el0_irq_compat // IRQ 32-bit EL0
278 ventry el0_fiq_invalid_compat // FIQ 32-bit EL0
279 ventry el0_error_invalid_compat // Error 32-bit EL0
281 ventry el0_sync_invalid // Synchronous 32-bit EL0
282 ventry el0_irq_invalid // IRQ 32-bit EL0
283 ventry el0_fiq_invalid // FIQ 32-bit EL0
284 ventry el0_error_invalid // Error 32-bit EL0
289 * Invalid mode handlers
291 .macro inv_entry, el, reason, regsize = 64
292 kernel_entry \el, \regsize
300 inv_entry 0, BAD_SYNC
301 ENDPROC(el0_sync_invalid)
305 ENDPROC(el0_irq_invalid)
309 ENDPROC(el0_fiq_invalid)
312 inv_entry 0, BAD_ERROR
313 ENDPROC(el0_error_invalid)
316 el0_fiq_invalid_compat:
317 inv_entry 0, BAD_FIQ, 32
318 ENDPROC(el0_fiq_invalid_compat)
320 el0_error_invalid_compat:
321 inv_entry 0, BAD_ERROR, 32
322 ENDPROC(el0_error_invalid_compat)
326 inv_entry 1, BAD_SYNC
327 ENDPROC(el1_sync_invalid)
331 ENDPROC(el1_irq_invalid)
335 ENDPROC(el1_fiq_invalid)
338 inv_entry 1, BAD_ERROR
339 ENDPROC(el1_error_invalid)
347 mrs x1, esr_el1 // read the syndrome register
348 lsr x24, x1, #ESR_ELx_EC_SHIFT // exception class
349 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_CUR // data abort in EL1
351 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_CUR // instruction abort in EL1
353 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64 // configurable trap
355 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_SP_ALIGN // stack alignment exception
357 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_PC_ALIGN // pc alignment exception
359 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_UNKNOWN // unknown exception in EL1
361 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_CUR // debug exception in EL1
367 * Fall through to the Data abort case
371 * Data abort handling
375 // re-enable interrupts if they were enabled in the aborted context
376 tbnz x23, #7, 1f // PSR_I_BIT
379 clear_address_tag x0, x3
380 mov x2, sp // struct pt_regs
383 // disable interrupts before pulling preserved data off the stack
388 * Stack or PC alignment exception handling
396 * Undefined instruction
403 * Debug exception handling
405 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_BRK64 // if BRK64
406 cinc x24, x24, eq // set bit '0'
407 tbz x24, #0, el1_inv // EL1 only
409 mov x2, sp // struct pt_regs
410 bl do_debug_exception
413 // TODO: add support for undefined instructions in kernel mode
425 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
426 bl trace_hardirqs_off
431 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
432 ldr w24, [tsk, #TI_PREEMPT] // get preempt count
433 cbnz w24, 1f // preempt count != 0
434 ldr x0, [tsk, #TI_FLAGS] // get flags
435 tbz x0, #TIF_NEED_RESCHED, 1f // needs rescheduling?
439 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
445 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
448 1: bl preempt_schedule_irq // irq en/disable is done inside
449 ldr x0, [tsk, #TI_FLAGS] // get new tasks TI_FLAGS
450 tbnz x0, #TIF_NEED_RESCHED, 1b // needs rescheduling?
460 mrs x25, esr_el1 // read the syndrome register
461 lsr x24, x25, #ESR_ELx_EC_SHIFT // exception class
462 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_SVC64 // SVC in 64-bit state
464 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_LOW // data abort in EL0
466 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW // instruction abort in EL0
468 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_FP_ASIMD // FP/ASIMD access
470 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC64 // FP/ASIMD exception
472 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_SYS64 // configurable trap
474 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_SP_ALIGN // stack alignment exception
476 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_PC_ALIGN // pc alignment exception
478 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_UNKNOWN // unknown exception in EL0
480 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_LOW // debug exception in EL0
488 mrs x25, esr_el1 // read the syndrome register
489 lsr x24, x25, #ESR_ELx_EC_SHIFT // exception class
490 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_SVC32 // SVC in 32-bit state
492 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_DABT_LOW // data abort in EL0
494 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_IABT_LOW // instruction abort in EL0
496 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_FP_ASIMD // FP/ASIMD access
498 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_FP_EXC32 // FP/ASIMD exception
500 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_PC_ALIGN // pc alignment exception
502 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_UNKNOWN // unknown exception in EL0
504 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_32 // CP15 MRC/MCR trap
506 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_CP15_64 // CP15 MRRC/MCRR trap
508 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_MR // CP14 MRC/MCR trap
510 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_LS // CP14 LDC/STC trap
512 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_CP14_64 // CP14 MRRC/MCRR trap
514 cmp x24, #ESR_ELx_EC_BREAKPT_LOW // debug exception in EL0
519 * AArch32 syscall handling
521 adrp stbl, compat_sys_call_table // load compat syscall table pointer
522 uxtw scno, w7 // syscall number in w7 (r7)
523 mov sc_nr, #__NR_compat_syscalls
534 * Data abort handling
537 // enable interrupts before calling the main handler
540 clear_address_tag x0, x26
547 * Instruction abort handling
550 // enable interrupts before calling the main handler
560 * Floating Point or Advanced SIMD access
570 * Floating Point or Advanced SIMD exception
580 * Stack or PC alignment exception handling
583 // enable interrupts before calling the main handler
593 * Undefined instruction
595 // enable interrupts before calling the main handler
603 * System instructions, for trapped cache maintenance instructions
613 * Debug exception handling
615 tbnz x24, #0, el0_inv // EL0 only
619 bl do_debug_exception
638 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
639 bl trace_hardirqs_off
645 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
652 * Register switch for AArch64. The callee-saved registers need to be saved
653 * and restored. On entry:
654 * x0 = previous task_struct (must be preserved across the switch)
655 * x1 = next task_struct
656 * Previous and next are guaranteed not to be the same.
660 mov x10, #THREAD_CPU_CONTEXT
663 stp x19, x20, [x8], #16 // store callee-saved registers
664 stp x21, x22, [x8], #16
665 stp x23, x24, [x8], #16
666 stp x25, x26, [x8], #16
667 stp x27, x28, [x8], #16
668 stp x29, x9, [x8], #16
671 ldp x19, x20, [x8], #16 // restore callee-saved registers
672 ldp x21, x22, [x8], #16
673 ldp x23, x24, [x8], #16
674 ldp x25, x26, [x8], #16
675 ldp x27, x28, [x8], #16
676 ldp x29, x9, [x8], #16
679 and x9, x9, #~(THREAD_SIZE - 1)
682 ENDPROC(cpu_switch_to)
685 * This is the fast syscall return path. We do as little as possible here,
686 * and this includes saving x0 back into the kernel stack.
689 disable_irq // disable interrupts
690 str x0, [sp, #S_X0] // returned x0
691 ldr x1, [tsk, #TI_FLAGS] // re-check for syscall tracing
692 and x2, x1, #_TIF_SYSCALL_WORK
693 cbnz x2, ret_fast_syscall_trace
694 and x2, x1, #_TIF_WORK_MASK
695 cbnz x2, work_pending
696 enable_step_tsk x1, x2
698 ret_fast_syscall_trace:
699 enable_irq // enable interrupts
700 b __sys_trace_return_skipped // we already saved x0
703 * Ok, we need to do extra processing, enter the slow path.
708 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
709 bl trace_hardirqs_on // enabled while in userspace
711 ldr x1, [tsk, #TI_FLAGS] // re-check for single-step
714 * "slow" syscall return path.
717 disable_irq // disable interrupts
718 ldr x1, [tsk, #TI_FLAGS]
719 and x2, x1, #_TIF_WORK_MASK
720 cbnz x2, work_pending
722 enable_step_tsk x1, x2
727 * This is how we return from a fork.
731 cbz x19, 1f // not a kernel thread
734 1: get_thread_info tsk
736 ENDPROC(ret_from_fork)
743 adrp stbl, sys_call_table // load syscall table pointer
744 uxtw scno, w8 // syscall number in w8
745 mov sc_nr, #__NR_syscalls
746 el0_svc_naked: // compat entry point
747 stp x0, scno, [sp, #S_ORIG_X0] // save the original x0 and syscall number
751 ldr x16, [tsk, #TI_FLAGS] // check for syscall hooks
752 tst x16, #_TIF_SYSCALL_WORK
754 cmp scno, sc_nr // check upper syscall limit
756 ldr x16, [stbl, scno, lsl #3] // address in the syscall table
757 blr x16 // call sys_* routine
766 * This is the really slow path. We're going to be doing context
767 * switches, and waiting for our parent to respond.
770 mov w0, #-1 // set default errno for
771 cmp scno, x0 // user-issued syscall(-1)
776 bl syscall_trace_enter
777 cmp w0, #-1 // skip the syscall?
778 b.eq __sys_trace_return_skipped
779 uxtw scno, w0 // syscall number (possibly new)
780 mov x1, sp // pointer to regs
781 cmp scno, sc_nr // check upper syscall limit
783 ldp x0, x1, [sp] // restore the syscall args
784 ldp x2, x3, [sp, #S_X2]
785 ldp x4, x5, [sp, #S_X4]
786 ldp x6, x7, [sp, #S_X6]
787 ldr x16, [stbl, scno, lsl #3] // address in the syscall table
788 blr x16 // call sys_* routine
791 str x0, [sp, #S_X0] // save returned x0
792 __sys_trace_return_skipped:
794 bl syscall_trace_exit
802 .popsection // .entry.text
805 * Special system call wrappers.
807 ENTRY(sys_rt_sigreturn_wrapper)
810 ENDPROC(sys_rt_sigreturn_wrapper)