1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 Block Group Descriptors
4 -----------------------
6 Each block group on the filesystem has one of these descriptors
7 associated with it. As noted in the Layout section above, the group
8 descriptors (if present) are the second item in the block group. The
9 standard configuration is for each block group to contain a full copy of
10 the block group descriptor table unless the sparse\_super feature flag
13 Notice how the group descriptor records the location of both bitmaps and
14 the inode table (i.e. they can float). This means that within a block
15 group, the only data structures with fixed locations are the superblock
16 and the group descriptor table. The flex\_bg mechanism uses this
17 property to group several block groups into a flex group and lay out all
18 of the groups' bitmaps and inode tables into one long run in the first
19 group of the flex group.
21 If the meta\_bg feature flag is set, then several block groups are
22 grouped together into a meta group. Note that in the meta\_bg case,
23 however, the first and last two block groups within the larger meta
24 group contain only group descriptors for the groups inside the meta
27 flex\_bg and meta\_bg do not appear to be mutually exclusive features.
29 In ext2, ext3, and ext4 (when the 64bit feature is not enabled), the
30 block group descriptor was only 32 bytes long and therefore ends at
31 bg\_checksum. On an ext4 filesystem with the 64bit feature enabled, the
32 block group descriptor expands to at least the 64 bytes described below;
33 the size is stored in the superblock.
35 If gdt\_csum is set and metadata\_csum is not set, the block group
36 checksum is the crc16 of the FS UUID, the group number, and the group
37 descriptor structure. If metadata\_csum is set, then the block group
38 checksum is the lower 16 bits of the checksum of the FS UUID, the group
39 number, and the group descriptor structure. Both block and inode bitmap
40 checksums are calculated against the FS UUID, the group number, and the
43 The block group descriptor is laid out in ``struct ext4_group_desc``.
55 - bg\_block\_bitmap\_lo
56 - Lower 32-bits of location of block bitmap.
59 - bg\_inode\_bitmap\_lo
60 - Lower 32-bits of location of inode bitmap.
63 - bg\_inode\_table\_lo
64 - Lower 32-bits of location of inode table.
67 - bg\_free\_blocks\_count\_lo
68 - Lower 16-bits of free block count.
71 - bg\_free\_inodes\_count\_lo
72 - Lower 16-bits of free inode count.
75 - bg\_used\_dirs\_count\_lo
76 - Lower 16-bits of directory count.
80 - Block group flags. See the bgflags_ table below.
83 - bg\_exclude\_bitmap\_lo
84 - Lower 32-bits of location of snapshot exclusion bitmap.
87 - bg\_block\_bitmap\_csum\_lo
88 - Lower 16-bits of the block bitmap checksum.
91 - bg\_inode\_bitmap\_csum\_lo
92 - Lower 16-bits of the inode bitmap checksum.
95 - bg\_itable\_unused\_lo
96 - Lower 16-bits of unused inode count. If set, we needn't scan past the
97 ``(sb.s_inodes_per_group - gdt.bg_itable_unused)``\ th entry in the
98 inode table for this group.
102 - Group descriptor checksum; crc16(sb\_uuid+group+desc) if the
103 RO\_COMPAT\_GDT\_CSUM feature is set, or crc32c(sb\_uuid+group\_desc) &
104 0xFFFF if the RO\_COMPAT\_METADATA\_CSUM feature is set.
108 - These fields only exist if the 64bit feature is enabled and s_desc_size
112 - bg\_block\_bitmap\_hi
113 - Upper 32-bits of location of block bitmap.
116 - bg\_inode\_bitmap\_hi
117 - Upper 32-bits of location of inodes bitmap.
120 - bg\_inode\_table\_hi
121 - Upper 32-bits of location of inodes table.
124 - bg\_free\_blocks\_count\_hi
125 - Upper 16-bits of free block count.
128 - bg\_free\_inodes\_count\_hi
129 - Upper 16-bits of free inode count.
132 - bg\_used\_dirs\_count\_hi
133 - Upper 16-bits of directory count.
136 - bg\_itable\_unused\_hi
137 - Upper 16-bits of unused inode count.
140 - bg\_exclude\_bitmap\_hi
141 - Upper 32-bits of location of snapshot exclusion bitmap.
144 - bg\_block\_bitmap\_csum\_hi
145 - Upper 16-bits of the block bitmap checksum.
148 - bg\_inode\_bitmap\_csum\_hi
149 - Upper 16-bits of the inode bitmap checksum.
153 - Padding to 64 bytes.
157 Block group flags can be any combination of the following:
166 - inode table and bitmap are not initialized (EXT4\_BG\_INODE\_UNINIT).
168 - block bitmap is not initialized (EXT4\_BG\_BLOCK\_UNINIT).
170 - inode table is zeroed (EXT4\_BG\_INODE\_ZEROED).