1 .. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
2 .. document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
3 .. Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software
4 .. Foundation, with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts
5 .. and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included at
6 .. Documentation/userspace-api/media/fdl-appendix.rst.
8 .. TODO: replace it to GFDL-1.1-or-later WITH no-invariant-sections
12 ************************************************
13 ioctl VIDIOC_G_FMT, VIDIOC_S_FMT, VIDIOC_TRY_FMT
14 ************************************************
19 VIDIOC_G_FMT - VIDIOC_S_FMT - VIDIOC_TRY_FMT - Get or set the data format, try a format
25 .. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_G_FMT, struct v4l2_format *argp )
28 .. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_S_FMT, struct v4l2_format *argp )
31 .. c:function:: int ioctl( int fd, VIDIOC_TRY_FMT, struct v4l2_format *argp )
38 File descriptor returned by :ref:`open() <func-open>`.
41 Pointer to struct :c:type:`v4l2_format`.
47 These ioctls are used to negotiate the format of data (typically image
48 format) exchanged between driver and application.
50 To query the current parameters applications set the ``type`` field of a
51 struct :c:type:`v4l2_format` to the respective buffer (stream)
52 type. For example video capture devices use
53 ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE`` or
54 ``V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE_MPLANE``. When the application calls the
55 :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl with a pointer to this structure the driver fills
56 the respective member of the ``fmt`` union. In case of video capture
57 devices that is either the struct
58 :c:type:`v4l2_pix_format` ``pix`` or the struct
59 :c:type:`v4l2_pix_format_mplane` ``pix_mp``
60 member. When the requested buffer type is not supported drivers return
61 an ``EINVAL`` error code.
63 To change the current format parameters applications initialize the
64 ``type`` field and all fields of the respective ``fmt`` union member.
65 For details see the documentation of the various devices types in
66 :ref:`devices`. Good practice is to query the current parameters
67 first, and to modify only those parameters not suitable for the
68 application. When the application calls the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl with
69 a pointer to a struct :c:type:`v4l2_format` structure the driver
70 checks and adjusts the parameters against hardware abilities. Drivers
71 should not return an error code unless the ``type`` field is invalid,
72 this is a mechanism to fathom device capabilities and to approach
73 parameters acceptable for both the application and driver. On success
74 the driver may program the hardware, allocate resources and generally
75 prepare for data exchange. Finally the :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl returns
76 the current format parameters as :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` does. Very simple,
77 inflexible devices may even ignore all input and always return the
78 default parameters. However all V4L2 devices exchanging data with the
79 application must implement the :ref:`VIDIOC_G_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` and :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>`
80 ioctl. When the requested buffer type is not supported drivers return an
81 EINVAL error code on a :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` attempt. When I/O is already in
82 progress or the resource is not available for other reasons drivers
83 return the ``EBUSY`` error code.
85 The :ref:`VIDIOC_TRY_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` ioctl is equivalent to :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` with one
86 exception: it does not change driver state. It can also be called at any
87 time, never returning ``EBUSY``. This function is provided to negotiate
88 parameters, to learn about hardware limitations, without disabling I/O
89 or possibly time consuming hardware preparations. Although strongly
90 recommended drivers are not required to implement this ioctl.
92 The format as returned by :ref:`VIDIOC_TRY_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` must be identical to what
93 :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` returns for the same input or output.
96 .. c:type:: v4l2_format
98 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{1.2cm}|p{4.6cm}|p{3.0cm}|p{8.6cm}|
100 .. flat-table:: struct v4l2_format
106 - Type of the data stream, see :c:type:`v4l2_buf_type`.
109 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_pix_format`
111 - Definition of an image format, see :ref:`pixfmt`, used by video
112 capture and output devices.
113 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_pix_format_mplane`
115 - Definition of an image format, see :ref:`pixfmt`, used by video
116 capture and output devices that support the
117 :ref:`multi-planar version of the API <planar-apis>`.
118 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_window`
120 - Definition of an overlaid image, see :ref:`overlay`, used by
121 video overlay devices.
122 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_vbi_format`
124 - Raw VBI capture or output parameters. This is discussed in more
125 detail in :ref:`raw-vbi`. Used by raw VBI capture and output
127 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_sliced_vbi_format`
129 - Sliced VBI capture or output parameters. See :ref:`sliced` for
130 details. Used by sliced VBI capture and output devices.
131 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_sdr_format`
133 - Definition of a data format, see :ref:`pixfmt`, used by SDR
134 capture and output devices.
135 * - struct :c:type:`v4l2_meta_format`
137 - Definition of a metadata format, see :ref:`meta-formats`, used by
138 metadata capture devices.
140 - ``raw_data``\ [200]
141 - Place holder for future extensions.
149 On success 0 is returned, on error -1 and the ``errno`` variable is set
150 appropriately. The generic error codes are described at the
151 :ref:`Generic Error Codes <gen-errors>` chapter.
154 The struct :c:type:`v4l2_format` ``type`` field is
155 invalid or the requested buffer type not supported.
158 The device is busy and cannot change the format. This could be
159 because or the device is streaming or buffers are allocated or
160 queued to the driver. Relevant for :ref:`VIDIOC_S_FMT
161 <VIDIOC_G_FMT>` only.