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2 modedb default video mode support
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6 Currently all frame buffer device drivers have their own video mode databases,
7 which is a mess and a waste of resources. The main idea of modedb is to have
9 - one routine to probe for video modes, which can be used by all frame buffer
11 - one generic video mode database with a fair amount of standard videomodes
13 - the possibility to supply your own mode database for graphics hardware that
14 needs non-standard modes, like amifb and Mac frame buffer drivers (which
17 When a frame buffer device receives a video= option it doesn't know, it should
18 consider that to be a video mode option. If no frame buffer device is specified
19 in a video= option, fbmem considers that to be a global video mode option.
21 Valid mode specifiers (mode_option argument)::
23 <xres>x<yres>[M][R][-<bpp>][@<refresh>][i][m][eDd]
24 <name>[-<bpp>][@<refresh>]
26 with <xres>, <yres>, <bpp> and <refresh> decimal numbers and <name> a string.
27 Things between square brackets are optional.
29 If 'M' is specified in the mode_option argument (after <yres> and before
30 <bpp> and <refresh>, if specified) the timings will be calculated using
31 VESA(TM) Coordinated Video Timings instead of looking up the mode from a table.
32 If 'R' is specified, do a 'reduced blanking' calculation for digital displays.
33 If 'i' is specified, calculate for an interlaced mode. And if 'm' is
34 specified, add margins to the calculation (1.8% of xres rounded down to 8
35 pixels and 1.8% of yres).
37 Sample usage: 1024x768M@60m - CVT timing with margins
39 DRM drivers also add options to enable or disable outputs:
41 'e' will force the display to be enabled, i.e. it will override the detection
42 if a display is connected. 'D' will force the display to be enabled and use
43 digital output. This is useful for outputs that have both analog and digital
44 signals (e.g. HDMI and DVI-I). For other outputs it behaves like 'e'. If 'd'
45 is specified the output is disabled.
47 You can additionally specify which output the options matches to.
48 To force the VGA output to be enabled and drive a specific mode say::
50 video=VGA-1:1280x1024@60me
52 Specifying the option multiple times for different ports is possible, e.g.::
54 video=LVDS-1:d video=HDMI-1:D
56 Options can also be passed after the mode, using commas as separator.
58 Sample usage: 720x480,rotate=180 - 720x480 mode, rotated by 180 degrees
62 - margin_top, margin_bottom, margin_left, margin_right (integer):
63 Number of pixels in the margins, typically to deal with overscan on TVs
64 - reflect_x (boolean): Perform an axial symmetry on the X axis
65 - reflect_y (boolean): Perform an axial symmetry on the Y axis
66 - rotate (integer): Rotate the initial framebuffer by x
67 degrees. Valid values are 0, 90, 180 and 270.
68 - panel_orientation, one of "normal", "upside_down", "left_side_up", or
69 "right_side_up". For KMS drivers only, this sets the "panel orientation"
70 property on the kms connector as hint for kms users.
73 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
75 What is the VESA(TM) Coordinated Video Timings (CVT)?
76 =====================================================
78 From the VESA(TM) Website:
80 "The purpose of CVT is to provide a method for generating a consistent
81 and coordinated set of standard formats, display refresh rates, and
82 timing specifications for computer display products, both those
83 employing CRTs, and those using other display technologies. The
84 intention of CVT is to give both source and display manufacturers a
85 common set of tools to enable new timings to be developed in a
86 consistent manner that ensures greater compatibility."
88 This is the third standard approved by VESA(TM) concerning video timings. The
89 first was the Discrete Video Timings (DVT) which is a collection of
90 pre-defined modes approved by VESA(TM). The second is the Generalized Timing
91 Formula (GTF) which is an algorithm to calculate the timings, given the
92 pixelclock, the horizontal sync frequency, or the vertical refresh rate.
94 The GTF is limited by the fact that it is designed mainly for CRT displays.
95 It artificially increases the pixelclock because of its high blanking
96 requirement. This is inappropriate for digital display interface with its high
97 data rate which requires that it conserves the pixelclock as much as possible.
98 Also, GTF does not take into account the aspect ratio of the display.
100 The CVT addresses these limitations. If used with CRT's, the formula used
101 is a derivation of GTF with a few modifications. If used with digital
102 displays, the "reduced blanking" calculation can be used.
104 From the framebuffer subsystem perspective, new formats need not be added
105 to the global mode database whenever a new mode is released by display
106 manufacturers. Specifying for CVT will work for most, if not all, relatively
107 new CRT displays and probably with most flatpanels, if 'reduced blanking'
108 calculation is specified. (The CVT compatibility of the display can be
109 determined from its EDID. The version 1.3 of the EDID has extra 128-byte
110 blocks where additional timing information is placed. As of this time, there
111 is no support yet in the layer to parse this additional blocks.)
113 CVT also introduced a new naming convention (should be seen from dmesg output)::
117 where: pix = total amount of pixels in MB (xres x yres)
119 a = aspect ratio (3 - 4:3; 4 - 5:4; 9 - 15:9, 16:9; A - 16:10)
120 -R = reduced blanking
122 example: .48M3-R - 800x600 with reduced blanking
124 Note: VESA(TM) has restrictions on what is a standard CVT timing:
126 - aspect ratio can only be one of the above values
127 - acceptable refresh rates are 50, 60, 70 or 85 Hz only
128 - if reduced blanking, the refresh rate must be at 60Hz
130 If one of the above are not satisfied, the kernel will print a warning but the
131 timings will still be calculated.
133 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
135 To find a suitable video mode, you just call::
137 int __init fb_find_mode(struct fb_var_screeninfo *var,
138 struct fb_info *info, const char *mode_option,
139 const struct fb_videomode *db, unsigned int dbsize,
140 const struct fb_videomode *default_mode,
141 unsigned int default_bpp)
143 with db/dbsize your non-standard video mode database, or NULL to use the
144 standard video mode database.
146 fb_find_mode() first tries the specified video mode (or any mode that matches,
147 e.g. there can be multiple 640x480 modes, each of them is tried). If that
148 fails, the default mode is tried. If that fails, it walks over all modes.
150 To specify a video mode at bootup, use the following boot options::
152 video=<driver>:<xres>x<yres>[-<bpp>][@refresh]
154 where <driver> is a name from the table below. Valid default modes can be
155 found in linux/drivers/video/modedb.c. Check your driver's documentation.
156 There may be more modes::
158 Drivers that support modedb boot options
159 Boot Name Cards Supported
161 amifb - Amiga chipset frame buffer
162 aty128fb - ATI Rage128 / Pro frame buffer
163 atyfb - ATI Mach64 frame buffer
164 pm2fb - Permedia 2/2V frame buffer
165 pm3fb - Permedia 3 frame buffer
166 sstfb - Voodoo 1/2 (SST1) chipset frame buffer
167 tdfxfb - 3D Fx frame buffer
168 tridentfb - Trident (Cyber)blade chipset frame buffer
169 vt8623fb - VIA 8623 frame buffer
171 BTW, only a few fb drivers use this at the moment. Others are to follow
172 (feel free to send patches). The DRM drivers also support this.