4 HID sensor framework provides necessary interfaces to implement sensor drivers,
5 which are connected to a sensor hub. The sensor hub is a HID device and it provides
6 a report descriptor conforming to HID 1.12 sensor usage tables.
8 Description from the HID 1.12 "HID Sensor Usages" specification:
9 "Standardization of HID usages for sensors would allow (but not require) sensor
10 hardware vendors to provide a consistent Plug And Play interface at the USB boundary,
11 thereby enabling some operating systems to incorporate common device drivers that
12 could be reused between vendors, alleviating any need for the vendors to provide
13 the drivers themselves."
15 This specification describes many usage IDs, which describe the type of sensor
16 and also the individual data fields. Each sensor can have variable number of
17 data fields. The length and order is specified in the report descriptor. For
18 example a part of report descriptor can look like::
26 Logical Minimum(-32767)
27 Logical Maximum(32767)
31 Flags(Variable Absolute)
35 The report is indicating "sensor page (0x20)" contains an accelerometer-3D (0x73).
36 This accelerometer-3D has some fields. Here for example field 2 is motion intensity
37 (0x045f) with a logical minimum value of -32767 and logical maximum of 32767. The
38 order of fields and length of each field is important as the input event raw
39 data will use this format.
45 This specification defines many different types of sensors with different sets of
46 data fields. It is difficult to have a common input event to user space applications,
47 for different sensors. For example an accelerometer can send X,Y and Z data, whereas
48 an ambient light sensor can send illumination data.
49 So the implementation has two parts:
52 - Individual sensor processing part (sensor drivers)
56 The core driver registers (hid-sensor-hub) registers as a HID driver. It parses
57 report descriptors and identifies all the sensors present. It adds an MFD device
58 with name HID-SENSOR-xxxx (where xxxx is usage id from the specification).
62 HID-SENSOR-200073 is registered for an Accelerometer 3D driver.
64 So if any driver with this name is inserted, then the probe routine for that
65 function will be called. So an accelerometer processing driver can register
66 with this name and will be probed if there is an accelerometer-3D detected.
68 The core driver provides a set of APIs which can be used by the processing
69 drivers to register and get events for that usage id. Also it provides parsing
70 functions, which get and set each input/feature/output report.
72 Individual sensor processing part (sensor drivers)
73 --------------------------------------------------
75 The processing driver will use an interface provided by the core driver to parse
76 the report and get the indexes of the fields and also can get events. This driver
77 can use IIO interface to use the standard ABI defined for a type of sensor.
85 Each processing driver can use this structure to set some callbacks.
86 int (*suspend)(..): Callback when HID suspend is received
87 int (*resume)(..): Callback when HID resume is received
88 int (*capture_sample)(..): Capture a sample for one of its data fields
89 int (*send_event)(..): One complete event is received which can have
92 Registration functions::
94 int sensor_hub_register_callback(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
96 struct hid_sensor_hub_callbacks *usage_callback):
98 Registers callbacks for an usage id. The callback functions are not allowed
102 int sensor_hub_remove_callback(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
105 Removes callbacks for an usage id.
110 int sensor_hub_input_get_attribute_info(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
112 u32 usage_id, u32 attr_usage_id,
113 struct hid_sensor_hub_attribute_info *info);
115 A processing driver can look for some field of interest and check if it exists
116 in a report descriptor. If it exists it will store necessary information
117 so that fields can be set or get individually.
118 These indexes avoid searching every time and getting field index to get or set.
123 int sensor_hub_set_feature(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev, u32 report_id,
124 u32 field_index, s32 value);
126 This interface is used to set a value for a field in feature report. For example
127 if there is a field report_interval, which is parsed by a call to
128 sensor_hub_input_get_attribute_info before, then it can directly set that
132 int sensor_hub_get_feature(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev, u32 report_id,
133 u32 field_index, s32 *value);
135 This interface is used to get a value for a field in input report. For example
136 if there is a field report_interval, which is parsed by a call to
137 sensor_hub_input_get_attribute_info before, then it can directly get that
138 individual field value::
141 int sensor_hub_input_attr_get_raw_value(struct hid_sensor_hub_device *hsdev,
143 u32 attr_usage_id, u32 report_id);
145 This is used to get a particular field value through input reports. For example
146 accelerometer wants to poll X axis value, then it can call this function with
147 the usage id of X axis. HID sensors can provide events, so this is not necessary
148 to poll for any field. If there is some new sample, the core driver will call
149 registered callback function to process the sample.
154 HID Custom and generic Sensors
155 ------------------------------
158 HID Sensor specification defines two special sensor usage types. Since they
159 don't represent a standard sensor, it is not possible to define using Linux IIO
161 The purpose of these sensors is to extend the functionality or provide a
162 way to obfuscate the data being communicated by a sensor. Without knowing the
163 mapping between the data and its encapsulated form, it is difficult for
164 an application/driver to determine what data is being communicated by the sensor.
165 This allows some differentiating use cases, where vendor can provide applications.
166 Some common use cases are debug other sensors or to provide some events like
167 keyboard attached/detached or lid open/close.
169 To allow application to utilize these sensors, here they are exported uses sysfs
170 attribute groups, attributes and misc device interface.
172 An example of this representation on sysfs::
174 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/INT33C2:00/i2c-0/i2c-INT33D1:00/0018:8086:09FA.0001/HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto$ tree -R
177 │ │ ├── feature-0-200316
178 │ │ │ ├── feature-0-200316-maximum
179 │ │ │ ├── feature-0-200316-minimum
180 │ │ │ ├── feature-0-200316-name
181 │ │ │ ├── feature-0-200316-size
182 │ │ │ ├── feature-0-200316-unit-expo
183 │ │ │ ├── feature-0-200316-units
184 │ │ │ ├── feature-0-200316-value
185 │ │ ├── feature-1-200201
186 │ │ │ ├── feature-1-200201-maximum
187 │ │ │ ├── feature-1-200201-minimum
188 │ │ │ ├── feature-1-200201-name
189 │ │ │ ├── feature-1-200201-size
190 │ │ │ ├── feature-1-200201-unit-expo
191 │ │ │ ├── feature-1-200201-units
192 │ │ │ ├── feature-1-200201-value
193 │ │ ├── input-0-200201
194 │ │ │ ├── input-0-200201-maximum
195 │ │ │ ├── input-0-200201-minimum
196 │ │ │ ├── input-0-200201-name
197 │ │ │ ├── input-0-200201-size
198 │ │ │ ├── input-0-200201-unit-expo
199 │ │ │ ├── input-0-200201-units
200 │ │ │ ├── input-0-200201-value
201 │ │ ├── input-1-200202
202 │ │ │ ├── input-1-200202-maximum
203 │ │ │ ├── input-1-200202-minimum
204 │ │ │ ├── input-1-200202-name
205 │ │ │ ├── input-1-200202-size
206 │ │ │ ├── input-1-200202-unit-expo
207 │ │ │ ├── input-1-200202-units
208 │ │ │ ├── input-1-200202-value
210 Here there is a custom sensors with four fields, two feature and two inputs.
211 Each field is represented by a set of attributes. All fields except the "value"
212 are read only. The value field is a RW field.
216 /sys/bus/platform/devices/HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto/feature-0-200316$ grep -r . *
217 feature-0-200316-maximum:6
218 feature-0-200316-minimum:0
219 feature-0-200316-name:property-reporting-state
220 feature-0-200316-size:1
221 feature-0-200316-unit-expo:0
222 feature-0-200316-units:25
223 feature-0-200316-value:1
225 How to enable such sensor?
226 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
228 By default sensor can be power gated. To enable sysfs attribute "enable" can be
231 $ echo 1 > enable_sensor
233 Once enabled and powered on, sensor can report value using HID reports.
234 These reports are pushed using misc device interface in a FIFO order::
236 /dev$ tree | grep HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto
237 │ │ │ ├── 10:53 -> ../HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto
238 │ ├── HID-SENSOR-2000e1.6.auto
240 Each reports can be of variable length preceded by a header. This header
241 consist of a 32 bit usage id, 64 bit time stamp and 32 bit length field of raw