4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 tool for inspection and simple manipulation of eBPF progs
6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13 **bpftool** [*OPTIONS*] **prog** *COMMAND*
15 *OPTIONS* := { { **-j** | **--json** } [{ **-p** | **--pretty** }] | { **-f** | **--bpffs** } }
18 { **show** | **list** | **dump xlated** | **dump jited** | **pin** | **load**
19 | **loadall** | **help** }
24 | **bpftool** **prog { show | list }** [*PROG*]
25 | **bpftool** **prog dump xlated** *PROG* [{**file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **visual** | **linum**}]
26 | **bpftool** **prog dump jited** *PROG* [{**file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **linum**}]
27 | **bpftool** **prog pin** *PROG* *FILE*
28 | **bpftool** **prog { load | loadall }** *OBJ* *PATH* [**type** *TYPE*] [**map** {**idx** *IDX* | **name** *NAME*} *MAP*] [**dev** *NAME*] [**pinmaps** *MAP_DIR*]
29 | **bpftool** **prog attach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
30 | **bpftool** **prog detach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
31 | **bpftool** **prog tracelog**
32 | **bpftool** **prog run** *PROG* **data_in** *FILE* [**data_out** *FILE* [**data_size_out** *L*]] [**ctx_in** *FILE* [**ctx_out** *FILE* [**ctx_size_out** *M*]]] [**repeat** *N*]
33 | **bpftool** **prog help**
35 | *MAP* := { **id** *MAP_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* }
36 | *PROG* := { **id** *PROG_ID* | **pinned** *FILE* | **tag** *PROG_TAG* | **name** *PROG_NAME* }
38 | **socket** | **kprobe** | **kretprobe** | **classifier** | **action** |
39 | **tracepoint** | **raw_tracepoint** | **xdp** | **perf_event** | **cgroup/skb** |
40 | **cgroup/sock** | **cgroup/dev** | **lwt_in** | **lwt_out** | **lwt_xmit** |
41 | **lwt_seg6local** | **sockops** | **sk_skb** | **sk_msg** | **lirc_mode2** |
42 | **cgroup/bind4** | **cgroup/bind6** | **cgroup/post_bind4** | **cgroup/post_bind6** |
43 | **cgroup/connect4** | **cgroup/connect6** | **cgroup/sendmsg4** | **cgroup/sendmsg6** |
44 | **cgroup/recvmsg4** | **cgroup/recvmsg6** | **cgroup/sysctl** |
45 | **cgroup/getsockopt** | **cgroup/setsockopt**
48 | **msg_verdict** | **stream_verdict** | **stream_parser** | **flow_dissector**
54 **bpftool prog { show | list }** [*PROG*]
55 Show information about loaded programs. If *PROG* is
56 specified show information only about given programs,
57 otherwise list all programs currently loaded on the system.
58 In case of **tag** or **name**, *PROG* may match several
59 programs which will all be shown.
61 Output will start with program ID followed by program type and
62 zero or more named attributes (depending on kernel version).
64 Since Linux 5.1 the kernel can collect statistics on BPF
65 programs (such as the total time spent running the program,
66 and the number of times it was run). If available, bpftool
67 shows such statistics. However, the kernel does not collect
68 them by defaults, as it slightly impacts performance on each
69 program run. Activation or deactivation of the feature is
70 performed via the **kernel.bpf_stats_enabled** sysctl knob.
72 **bpftool prog dump xlated** *PROG* [{ **file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **visual** | **linum** }]
73 Dump eBPF instructions of the programs from the kernel. By
74 default, eBPF will be disassembled and printed to standard
75 output in human-readable format. In this case, **opcodes**
76 controls if raw opcodes should be printed as well.
78 In case of **tag** or **name**, *PROG* may match several
79 programs which will all be dumped. However, if **file** or
80 **visual** is specified, *PROG* must match a single program.
82 If **file** is specified, the binary image will instead be
85 If **visual** is specified, control flow graph (CFG) will be
86 built instead, and eBPF instructions will be presented with
87 CFG in DOT format, on standard output.
89 If the programs have line_info available, the source line will
90 be displayed by default. If **linum** is specified,
91 the filename, line number and line column will also be
92 displayed on top of the source line.
94 **bpftool prog dump jited** *PROG* [{ **file** *FILE* | **opcodes** | **linum** }]
95 Dump jited image (host machine code) of the program.
97 If *FILE* is specified image will be written to a file,
98 otherwise it will be disassembled and printed to stdout.
99 *PROG* must match a single program when **file** is specified.
101 **opcodes** controls if raw opcodes will be printed.
103 If the prog has line_info available, the source line will
104 be displayed by default. If **linum** is specified,
105 the filename, line number and line column will also be
106 displayed on top of the source line.
108 **bpftool prog pin** *PROG* *FILE*
109 Pin program *PROG* as *FILE*.
111 Note: *FILE* must be located in *bpffs* mount. It must not
112 contain a dot character ('.'), which is reserved for future
113 extensions of *bpffs*.
115 **bpftool prog { load | loadall }** *OBJ* *PATH* [**type** *TYPE*] [**map** {**idx** *IDX* | **name** *NAME*} *MAP*] [**dev** *NAME*] [**pinmaps** *MAP_DIR*]
116 Load bpf program(s) from binary *OBJ* and pin as *PATH*.
117 **bpftool prog load** pins only the first program from the
118 *OBJ* as *PATH*. **bpftool prog loadall** pins all programs
119 from the *OBJ* under *PATH* directory.
120 **type** is optional, if not specified program type will be
121 inferred from section names.
122 By default bpftool will create new maps as declared in the ELF
123 object being loaded. **map** parameter allows for the reuse
124 of existing maps. It can be specified multiple times, each
125 time for a different map. *IDX* refers to index of the map
126 to be replaced in the ELF file counting from 0, while *NAME*
127 allows to replace a map by name. *MAP* specifies the map to
128 use, referring to it by **id** or through a **pinned** file.
129 If **dev** *NAME* is specified program will be loaded onto
130 given networking device (offload).
131 Optional **pinmaps** argument can be provided to pin all
132 maps under *MAP_DIR* directory.
134 Note: *PATH* must be located in *bpffs* mount. It must not
135 contain a dot character ('.'), which is reserved for future
136 extensions of *bpffs*.
138 **bpftool prog attach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
139 Attach bpf program *PROG* (with type specified by
140 *ATTACH_TYPE*). Most *ATTACH_TYPEs* require a *MAP*
141 parameter, with the exception of *flow_dissector* which is
142 attached to current networking name space.
144 **bpftool prog detach** *PROG* *ATTACH_TYPE* [*MAP*]
145 Detach bpf program *PROG* (with type specified by
146 *ATTACH_TYPE*). Most *ATTACH_TYPEs* require a *MAP*
147 parameter, with the exception of *flow_dissector* which is
148 detached from the current networking name space.
150 **bpftool prog tracelog**
151 Dump the trace pipe of the system to the console (stdout).
152 Hit <Ctrl+C> to stop printing. BPF programs can write to this
153 trace pipe at runtime with the **bpf_trace_printk()** helper.
154 This should be used only for debugging purposes. For
155 streaming data from BPF programs to user space, one can use
156 perf events (see also **bpftool-map**\ (8)).
158 **bpftool prog run** *PROG* **data_in** *FILE* [**data_out** *FILE* [**data_size_out** *L*]] [**ctx_in** *FILE* [**ctx_out** *FILE* [**ctx_size_out** *M*]]] [**repeat** *N*]
159 Run BPF program *PROG* in the kernel testing infrastructure
160 for BPF, meaning that the program works on the data and
161 context provided by the user, and not on actual packets or
162 monitored functions etc. Return value and duration for the
163 test run are printed out to the console.
165 Input data is read from the *FILE* passed with **data_in**.
166 If this *FILE* is "**-**", input data is read from standard
167 input. Input context, if any, is read from *FILE* passed with
168 **ctx_in**. Again, "**-**" can be used to read from standard
169 input, but only if standard input is not already in use for
170 input data. If a *FILE* is passed with **data_out**, output
171 data is written to that file. Similarly, output context is
172 written to the *FILE* passed with **ctx_out**. For both
173 output flows, "**-**" can be used to print to the standard
174 output (as plain text, or JSON if relevant option was
175 passed). If output keywords are omitted, output data and
176 context are discarded. Keywords **data_size_out** and
177 **ctx_size_out** are used to pass the size (in bytes) for the
178 output buffers to the kernel, although the default of 32 kB
179 should be more than enough for most cases.
181 Keyword **repeat** is used to indicate the number of
182 consecutive runs to perform. Note that output data and
183 context printed to files correspond to the last of those
184 runs. The duration printed out at the end of the runs is an
185 average over all runs performed by the command.
187 Not all program types support test run. Among those which do,
188 not all of them can take the **ctx_in**/**ctx_out**
189 arguments. bpftool does not perform checks on program types.
191 **bpftool prog help**
192 Print short help message.
197 Print short generic help message (similar to **bpftool help**).
200 Print version number (similar to **bpftool version**).
203 Generate JSON output. For commands that cannot produce JSON, this
204 option has no effect.
207 Generate human-readable JSON output. Implies **-j**.
210 When showing BPF programs, show file names of pinned
214 Allow loading maps with unknown map definitions.
217 Do not automatically attempt to mount any virtual file system
218 (such as tracefs or BPF virtual file system) when necessary.
221 Print all logs available, even debug-level information. This
222 includes logs from libbpf as well as from the verifier, when
223 attempting to load programs.
227 **# bpftool prog show**
231 10: xdp name some_prog tag 005a3d2123620c8b gpl run_time_ns 81632 run_cnt 10
232 loaded_at 2017-09-29T20:11:00+0000 uid 0
233 xlated 528B jited 370B memlock 4096B map_ids 10
235 **# bpftool --json --pretty prog show**
242 "tag": "005a3d2123620c8b",
243 "gpl_compatible": true,
244 "run_time_ns": 81632,
246 "loaded_at": 1506715860,
251 "bytes_memlock": 4096,
258 | **# bpftool prog dump xlated id 10 file /tmp/t**
263 -rw------- 1 root root 560 Jul 22 01:42 /tmp/t
265 **# bpftool prog dump jited tag 005a3d2123620c8b**
273 4: mov %rbx,0x0(%rbp)
276 | **# mount -t bpf none /sys/fs/bpf/**
277 | **# bpftool prog pin id 10 /sys/fs/bpf/prog**
278 | **# bpftool prog load ./my_prog.o /sys/fs/bpf/prog2**
279 | **# ls -l /sys/fs/bpf/**
283 -rw------- 1 root root 0 Jul 22 01:43 prog
284 -rw------- 1 root root 0 Jul 22 01:44 prog2
286 **# bpftool prog dump jited pinned /sys/fs/bpf/prog opcodes**
298 f: mov %rbx,0x0(%rbp)
302 | **# bpftool prog load xdp1_kern.o /sys/fs/bpf/xdp1 type xdp map name rxcnt id 7**
303 | **# bpftool prog show pinned /sys/fs/bpf/xdp1**
307 9: xdp name xdp_prog1 tag 539ec6ce11b52f98 gpl
308 loaded_at 2018-06-25T16:17:31-0700 uid 0
309 xlated 488B jited 336B memlock 4096B map_ids 7
311 **# rm /sys/fs/bpf/xdp1**
316 **bpf-helpers**\ (7),
318 **bpftool-map**\ (8),
319 **bpftool-cgroup**\ (8),
320 **bpftool-feature**\ (8),
321 **bpftool-net**\ (8),
322 **bpftool-perf**\ (8),