1 Generic Thermal Sysfs driver How To
2 ===================================
4 Written by Sujith Thomas <sujith.thomas@intel.com>, Zhang Rui <rui.zhang@intel.com>
6 Updated: 2 January 2008
8 Copyright (c) 2008 Intel Corporation
13 The generic thermal sysfs provides a set of interfaces for thermal zone
14 devices (sensors) and thermal cooling devices (fan, processor...) to register
15 with the thermal management solution and to be a part of it.
17 This how-to focuses on enabling new thermal zone and cooling devices to
18 participate in thermal management.
19 This solution is platform independent and any type of thermal zone devices
20 and cooling devices should be able to make use of the infrastructure.
22 The main task of the thermal sysfs driver is to expose thermal zone attributes
23 as well as cooling device attributes to the user space.
24 An intelligent thermal management application can make decisions based on
25 inputs from thermal zone attributes (the current temperature and trip point
26 temperature) and throttle appropriate devices.
28 [0-*] denotes any positive number starting from 0
29 [1-*] denotes any positive number starting from 1
31 1. thermal sysfs driver interface functions
33 1.1 thermal zone device interface
34 1.1.1 struct thermal_zone_device *thermal_zone_device_register(char *name,
35 int trips, int mask, void *devdata,
36 struct thermal_zone_device_ops *ops)
38 This interface function adds a new thermal zone device (sensor) to
39 /sys/class/thermal folder as thermal_zone[0-*]. It tries to bind all the
40 thermal cooling devices registered at the same time.
42 name: the thermal zone name.
43 trips: the total number of trip points this thermal zone supports.
44 mask: Bit string: If 'n'th bit is set, then trip point 'n' is writeable.
45 devdata: device private data
46 ops: thermal zone device call-backs.
47 .bind: bind the thermal zone device with a thermal cooling device.
48 .unbind: unbind the thermal zone device with a thermal cooling device.
49 .get_temp: get the current temperature of the thermal zone.
50 .get_mode: get the current mode (enabled/disabled) of the thermal zone.
51 - "enabled" means the kernel thermal management is enabled.
52 - "disabled" will prevent kernel thermal driver action upon trip points
53 so that user applications can take charge of thermal management.
54 .set_mode: set the mode (enabled/disabled) of the thermal zone.
55 .get_trip_type: get the type of certain trip point.
56 .get_trip_temp: get the temperature above which the certain trip point
59 1.1.2 void thermal_zone_device_unregister(struct thermal_zone_device *tz)
61 This interface function removes the thermal zone device.
62 It deletes the corresponding entry form /sys/class/thermal folder and
63 unbind all the thermal cooling devices it uses.
65 1.2 thermal cooling device interface
66 1.2.1 struct thermal_cooling_device *thermal_cooling_device_register(char *name,
67 void *devdata, struct thermal_cooling_device_ops *)
69 This interface function adds a new thermal cooling device (fan/processor/...)
70 to /sys/class/thermal/ folder as cooling_device[0-*]. It tries to bind itself
71 to all the thermal zone devices register at the same time.
72 name: the cooling device name.
73 devdata: device private data.
74 ops: thermal cooling devices call-backs.
75 .get_max_state: get the Maximum throttle state of the cooling device.
76 .get_cur_state: get the Current throttle state of the cooling device.
77 .set_cur_state: set the Current throttle state of the cooling device.
79 1.2.2 void thermal_cooling_device_unregister(struct thermal_cooling_device *cdev)
81 This interface function remove the thermal cooling device.
82 It deletes the corresponding entry form /sys/class/thermal folder and
83 unbind itself from all the thermal zone devices using it.
85 1.3 interface for binding a thermal zone device with a thermal cooling device
86 1.3.1 int thermal_zone_bind_cooling_device(struct thermal_zone_device *tz,
87 int trip, struct thermal_cooling_device *cdev,
88 unsigned long upper, unsigned long lower);
90 This interface function bind a thermal cooling device to the certain trip
91 point of a thermal zone device.
92 This function is usually called in the thermal zone device .bind callback.
93 tz: the thermal zone device
94 cdev: thermal cooling device
95 trip: indicates which trip point the cooling devices is associated with
97 upper:the Maximum cooling state for this trip point.
98 THERMAL_NO_LIMIT means no upper limit,
99 and the cooling device can be in max_state.
100 lower:the Minimum cooling state can be used for this trip point.
101 THERMAL_NO_LIMIT means no lower limit,
102 and the cooling device can be in cooling state 0.
104 1.3.2 int thermal_zone_unbind_cooling_device(struct thermal_zone_device *tz,
105 int trip, struct thermal_cooling_device *cdev);
107 This interface function unbind a thermal cooling device from the certain
108 trip point of a thermal zone device. This function is usually called in
109 the thermal zone device .unbind callback.
110 tz: the thermal zone device
111 cdev: thermal cooling device
112 trip: indicates which trip point the cooling devices is associated with
113 in this thermal zone.
115 1.4 Thermal Zone Parameters
116 1.4.1 struct thermal_bind_params
117 This structure defines the following parameters that are used to bind
118 a zone with a cooling device for a particular trip point.
119 .cdev: The cooling device pointer
120 .weight: The 'influence' of a particular cooling device on this zone.
121 This is on a percentage scale. The sum of all these weights
122 (for a particular zone) cannot exceed 100.
123 .trip_mask:This is a bit mask that gives the binding relation between
124 this thermal zone and cdev, for a particular trip point.
125 If nth bit is set, then the cdev and thermal zone are bound
127 .match: This call back returns success(0) if the 'tz and cdev' need to
128 be bound, as per platform data.
129 1.4.2 struct thermal_zone_params
130 This structure defines the platform level parameters for a thermal zone.
131 This data, for each thermal zone should come from the platform layer.
132 This is an optional feature where some platforms can choose not to
134 .governor_name: Name of the thermal governor used for this zone
135 .num_tbps: Number of thermal_bind_params entries for this zone
136 .tbp: thermal_bind_params entries
138 2. sysfs attributes structure
143 Thermal sysfs attributes will be represented under /sys/class/thermal.
144 Hwmon sysfs I/F extension is also available under /sys/class/hwmon
145 if hwmon is compiled in or built as a module.
147 Thermal zone device sys I/F, created once it's registered:
148 /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone[0-*]:
149 |---type: Type of the thermal zone
150 |---temp: Current temperature
151 |---mode: Working mode of the thermal zone
152 |---policy: Thermal governor used for this zone
153 |---trip_point_[0-*]_temp: Trip point temperature
154 |---trip_point_[0-*]_type: Trip point type
155 |---trip_point_[0-*]_hyst: Hysteresis value for this trip point
157 Thermal cooling device sys I/F, created once it's registered:
158 /sys/class/thermal/cooling_device[0-*]:
159 |---type: Type of the cooling device(processor/fan/...)
160 |---max_state: Maximum cooling state of the cooling device
161 |---cur_state: Current cooling state of the cooling device
164 Then next two dynamic attributes are created/removed in pairs. They represent
165 the relationship between a thermal zone and its associated cooling device.
166 They are created/removed for each successful execution of
167 thermal_zone_bind_cooling_device/thermal_zone_unbind_cooling_device.
169 /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone[0-*]:
170 |---cdev[0-*]: [0-*]th cooling device in current thermal zone
171 |---cdev[0-*]_trip_point: Trip point that cdev[0-*] is associated with
173 Besides the thermal zone device sysfs I/F and cooling device sysfs I/F,
174 the generic thermal driver also creates a hwmon sysfs I/F for each _type_
175 of thermal zone device. E.g. the generic thermal driver registers one hwmon
176 class device and build the associated hwmon sysfs I/F for all the registered
179 /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon[0-*]:
180 |---name: The type of the thermal zone devices
181 |---temp[1-*]_input: The current temperature of thermal zone [1-*]
182 |---temp[1-*]_critical: The critical trip point of thermal zone [1-*]
184 Please read Documentation/hwmon/sysfs-interface for additional information.
186 ***************************
187 * Thermal zone attributes *
188 ***************************
191 Strings which represent the thermal zone type.
192 This is given by thermal zone driver as part of registration.
193 E.g: "acpitz" indicates it's an ACPI thermal device.
194 In order to keep it consistent with hwmon sys attribute; this should
195 be a short, lowercase string, not containing spaces nor dashes.
199 Current temperature as reported by thermal zone (sensor).
200 Unit: millidegree Celsius
204 One of the predefined values in [enabled, disabled].
205 This file gives information about the algorithm that is currently
206 managing the thermal zone. It can be either default kernel based
207 algorithm or user space application.
208 enabled = enable Kernel Thermal management.
209 disabled = Preventing kernel thermal zone driver actions upon
210 trip points so that user application can take full
211 charge of the thermal management.
215 One of the various thermal governors used for a particular zone.
218 trip_point_[0-*]_temp
219 The temperature above which trip point will be fired.
220 Unit: millidegree Celsius
223 trip_point_[0-*]_type
224 Strings which indicate the type of the trip point.
225 E.g. it can be one of critical, hot, passive, active[0-*] for ACPI
229 trip_point_[0-*]_hyst
230 The hysteresis value for a trip point, represented as an integer
235 Sysfs link to the thermal cooling device node where the sys I/F
236 for cooling device throttling control represents.
240 The trip point with which cdev[0-*] is associated in this thermal
241 zone; -1 means the cooling device is not associated with any trip
246 Attribute is only present for zones in which the passive cooling
247 policy is not supported by native thermal driver. Default is zero
248 and can be set to a temperature (in millidegrees) to enable a
249 passive trip point for the zone. Activation is done by polling with
250 an interval of 1 second.
251 Unit: millidegrees Celsius
252 Valid values: 0 (disabled) or greater than 1000
255 *****************************
256 * Cooling device attributes *
257 *****************************
260 String which represents the type of device, e.g:
261 - for generic ACPI: should be "Fan", "Processor" or "LCD"
262 - for memory controller device on intel_menlow platform:
263 should be "Memory controller".
267 The maximum permissible cooling state of this cooling device.
271 The current cooling state of this cooling device.
272 The value can any integer numbers between 0 and max_state:
273 - cur_state == 0 means no cooling
274 - cur_state == max_state means the maximum cooling.
277 3. A simple implementation
279 ACPI thermal zone may support multiple trip points like critical, hot,
280 passive, active. If an ACPI thermal zone supports critical, passive,
281 active[0] and active[1] at the same time, it may register itself as a
282 thermal_zone_device (thermal_zone1) with 4 trip points in all.
283 It has one processor and one fan, which are both registered as
284 thermal_cooling_device.
286 If the processor is listed in _PSL method, and the fan is listed in _AL0
287 method, the sys I/F structure will be built like this:
295 |---policy: step_wise
296 |---trip_point_0_temp: 100000
297 |---trip_point_0_type: critical
298 |---trip_point_1_temp: 80000
299 |---trip_point_1_type: passive
300 |---trip_point_2_temp: 70000
301 |---trip_point_2_type: active0
302 |---trip_point_3_temp: 60000
303 |---trip_point_3_type: active1
304 |---cdev0: --->/sys/class/thermal/cooling_device0
305 |---cdev0_trip_point: 1 /* cdev0 can be used for passive */
306 |---cdev1: --->/sys/class/thermal/cooling_device3
307 |---cdev1_trip_point: 2 /* cdev1 can be used for active[0]*/
323 |---temp1_input: 37000
324 |---temp1_crit: 100000
326 4. Event Notification
328 The framework includes a simple notification mechanism, in the form of a
329 netlink event. Netlink socket initialization is done during the _init_
330 of the framework. Drivers which intend to use the notification mechanism
331 just need to call thermal_generate_netlink_event() with two arguments viz
332 (originator, event). Typically the originator will be an integer assigned
333 to a thermal_zone_device when it registers itself with the framework. The
334 event will be one of:{THERMAL_AUX0, THERMAL_AUX1, THERMAL_CRITICAL,
335 THERMAL_DEV_FAULT}. Notification can be sent when the current temperature
336 crosses any of the configured thresholds.
338 5. Export Symbol APIs:
341 This function returns the trend of a thermal zone, i.e the rate of change
342 of temperature of the thermal zone. Ideally, the thermal sensor drivers
343 are supposed to implement the callback. If they don't, the thermal
344 framework calculated the trend by comparing the previous and the current
347 5.2:get_thermal_instance:
348 This function returns the thermal_instance corresponding to a given
349 {thermal_zone, cooling_device, trip_point} combination. Returns NULL
350 if such an instance does not exist.
352 5.3:notify_thermal_framework:
353 This function handles the trip events from sensor drivers. It starts
354 throttling the cooling devices according to the policy configured.
355 For CRITICAL and HOT trip points, this notifies the respective drivers,
356 and does actual throttling for other trip points i.e ACTIVE and PASSIVE.
357 The throttling policy is based on the configured platform data; if no
358 platform data is provided, this uses the step_wise throttling policy.
360 5.4:thermal_cdev_update:
361 This function serves as an arbitrator to set the state of a cooling
362 device. It sets the cooling device to the deepest cooling state if
365 5.5:thermal_register_governor:
366 This function lets the various thermal governors to register themselves
367 with the Thermal framework. At run time, depending on a zone's platform
368 data, a particular governor is used for throttling.
370 5.6:thermal_unregister_governor:
371 This function unregisters a governor from the thermal framework.