3 * Copyright (C) 1995-1996 Gary Thomas (gdt@linuxppc.org)
5 * Modifications by Paul Mackerras (PowerMac) (paulus@cs.anu.edu.au)
6 * and Cort Dougan (PReP) (cort@cs.nmt.edu)
7 * Copyright (C) 1996 Paul Mackerras
8 * PPC44x/36-bit changes by Matt Porter (mporter@mvista.com)
10 * Derived from "arch/i386/mm/init.c"
11 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds
13 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
15 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
16 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
20 #include <linux/export.h>
21 #include <linux/sched.h>
22 #include <linux/kernel.h>
23 #include <linux/errno.h>
24 #include <linux/string.h>
25 #include <linux/gfp.h>
26 #include <linux/types.h>
28 #include <linux/stddef.h>
29 #include <linux/init.h>
30 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
31 #include <linux/highmem.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
34 #include <linux/suspend.h>
35 #include <linux/memblock.h>
36 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
37 #include <linux/slab.h>
39 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
42 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
43 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
46 #include <asm/machdep.h>
47 #include <asm/btext.h>
49 #include <asm/sections.h>
50 #include <asm/sparsemem.h>
52 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
53 #include <asm/swiotlb.h>
58 #ifndef CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
59 #define CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE 0 /* XXX for now */
60 #define CPU_FTR_NOEXECUTE 0
63 int init_bootmem_done
;
65 unsigned long long memory_limit
;
69 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_pte
);
71 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_prot
);
73 static inline pte_t
*virt_to_kpte(unsigned long vaddr
)
75 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr
),
76 vaddr
), vaddr
), vaddr
);
80 int page_is_ram(unsigned long pfn
)
82 #ifndef CONFIG_PPC64 /* XXX for now */
85 unsigned long paddr
= (pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
);
86 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
88 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
)
89 if (paddr
>= reg
->base
&& paddr
< (reg
->base
+ reg
->size
))
95 pgprot_t
phys_mem_access_prot(struct file
*file
, unsigned long pfn
,
96 unsigned long size
, pgprot_t vma_prot
)
98 if (ppc_md
.phys_mem_access_prot
)
99 return ppc_md
.phys_mem_access_prot(file
, pfn
, size
, vma_prot
);
101 if (!page_is_ram(pfn
))
102 vma_prot
= pgprot_noncached(vma_prot
);
106 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_mem_access_prot
);
108 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
111 int memory_add_physaddr_to_nid(u64 start
)
113 return hot_add_scn_to_nid(start
);
117 int arch_add_memory(int nid
, u64 start
, u64 size
)
119 struct pglist_data
*pgdata
;
121 unsigned long start_pfn
= start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
122 unsigned long nr_pages
= size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
124 pgdata
= NODE_DATA(nid
);
126 start
= (unsigned long)__va(start
);
127 if (create_section_mapping(start
, start
+ size
))
130 /* this should work for most non-highmem platforms */
131 zone
= pgdata
->node_zones
;
133 return __add_pages(nid
, zone
, start_pfn
, nr_pages
);
136 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
137 int arch_remove_memory(u64 start
, u64 size
)
139 unsigned long start_pfn
= start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
140 unsigned long nr_pages
= size
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
143 zone
= page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn
));
144 return __remove_pages(zone
, start_pfn
, nr_pages
);
147 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
150 * walk_memory_resource() needs to make sure there is no holes in a given
151 * memory range. PPC64 does not maintain the memory layout in /proc/iomem.
152 * Instead it maintains it in memblock.memory structures. Walk through the
153 * memory regions, find holes and callback for contiguous regions.
156 walk_system_ram_range(unsigned long start_pfn
, unsigned long nr_pages
,
157 void *arg
, int (*func
)(unsigned long, unsigned long, void *))
159 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
160 unsigned long end_pfn
= start_pfn
+ nr_pages
;
161 unsigned long tstart
, tend
;
164 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
165 tstart
= max(start_pfn
, memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
));
166 tend
= min(end_pfn
, memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg
));
169 ret
= (*func
)(tstart
, tend
- tstart
, arg
);
175 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(walk_system_ram_range
);
178 * Initialize the bootmem system and give it all the memory we
179 * have available. If we are using highmem, we only put the
180 * lowmem into the bootmem system.
182 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
183 void __init
do_init_bootmem(void)
185 unsigned long start
, bootmap_pages
;
186 unsigned long total_pages
;
187 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
190 max_low_pfn
= max_pfn
= memblock_end_of_DRAM() >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
191 total_pages
= (memblock_end_of_DRAM() - memstart_addr
) >> PAGE_SHIFT
;
192 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
193 total_pages
= total_lowmem
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
194 max_low_pfn
= lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
198 * Find an area to use for the bootmem bitmap. Calculate the size of
199 * bitmap required as (Total Memory) / PAGE_SIZE / BITS_PER_BYTE.
200 * Add 1 additional page in case the address isn't page-aligned.
202 bootmap_pages
= bootmem_bootmap_pages(total_pages
);
204 start
= memblock_alloc(bootmap_pages
<< PAGE_SHIFT
, PAGE_SIZE
);
206 min_low_pfn
= MEMORY_START
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
207 boot_mapsize
= init_bootmem_node(NODE_DATA(0), start
>> PAGE_SHIFT
, min_low_pfn
, max_low_pfn
);
209 /* Place all memblock_regions in the same node and merge contiguous
212 memblock_set_node(0, (phys_addr_t
)ULLONG_MAX
, 0);
214 /* Add all physical memory to the bootmem map, mark each area
217 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
218 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
);
220 /* reserve the sections we're already using */
221 for_each_memblock(reserved
, reg
) {
222 unsigned long top
= reg
->base
+ reg
->size
- 1;
223 if (top
< lowmem_end_addr
)
224 reserve_bootmem(reg
->base
, reg
->size
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
225 else if (reg
->base
< lowmem_end_addr
) {
226 unsigned long trunc_size
= lowmem_end_addr
- reg
->base
;
227 reserve_bootmem(reg
->base
, trunc_size
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
231 free_bootmem_with_active_regions(0, max_pfn
);
233 /* reserve the sections we're already using */
234 for_each_memblock(reserved
, reg
)
235 reserve_bootmem(reg
->base
, reg
->size
, BOOTMEM_DEFAULT
);
237 /* XXX need to clip this if using highmem? */
238 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
240 init_bootmem_done
= 1;
243 /* mark pages that don't exist as nosave */
244 static int __init
mark_nonram_nosave(void)
246 struct memblock_region
*reg
, *prev
= NULL
;
248 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
250 memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(prev
) < memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
))
251 register_nosave_region(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(prev
),
252 memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg
));
259 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - in fact we've already done this.
261 void __init
paging_init(void)
263 unsigned long long total_ram
= memblock_phys_mem_size();
264 phys_addr_t top_of_ram
= memblock_end_of_DRAM();
265 unsigned long max_zone_pfns
[MAX_NR_ZONES
];
268 unsigned long v
= __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses
- 1);
269 unsigned long end
= __fix_to_virt(FIX_HOLE
);
271 for (; v
< end
; v
+= PAGE_SIZE
)
272 map_page(v
, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
275 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
276 map_page(PKMAP_BASE
, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
277 pkmap_page_table
= virt_to_kpte(PKMAP_BASE
);
279 kmap_pte
= virt_to_kpte(__fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN
));
280 kmap_prot
= PAGE_KERNEL
;
281 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
283 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"Top of RAM: 0x%llx, Total RAM: 0x%llx\n",
284 (unsigned long long)top_of_ram
, total_ram
);
285 printk(KERN_DEBUG
"Memory hole size: %ldMB\n",
286 (long int)((top_of_ram
- total_ram
) >> 20));
287 memset(max_zone_pfns
, 0, sizeof(max_zone_pfns
));
288 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
289 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA
] = lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
290 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_HIGHMEM
] = top_of_ram
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
292 max_zone_pfns
[ZONE_DMA
] = top_of_ram
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
294 free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns
);
296 mark_nonram_nosave();
298 #endif /* ! CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
300 static void __init
register_page_bootmem_info(void)
304 for_each_online_node(i
)
305 register_page_bootmem_info_node(NODE_DATA(i
));
308 void __init
mem_init(void)
310 #ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB
314 register_page_bootmem_info();
315 high_memory
= (void *) __va(max_low_pfn
* PAGE_SIZE
);
316 set_max_mapnr(max_pfn
);
319 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
321 unsigned long pfn
, highmem_mapnr
;
323 highmem_mapnr
= lowmem_end_addr
>> PAGE_SHIFT
;
324 for (pfn
= highmem_mapnr
; pfn
< max_mapnr
; ++pfn
) {
325 phys_addr_t paddr
= (phys_addr_t
)pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
;
326 struct page
*page
= pfn_to_page(pfn
);
327 if (!memblock_is_reserved(paddr
))
328 free_highmem_page(page
);
331 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
333 #if defined(CONFIG_PPC_FSL_BOOK3E) && !defined(CONFIG_SMP)
335 * If smp is enabled, next_tlbcam_idx is initialized in the cpu up
336 * functions.... do it here for the non-smp case.
338 per_cpu(next_tlbcam_idx
, smp_processor_id()) =
339 (mfspr(SPRN_TLB1CFG
) & TLBnCFG_N_ENTRY
) - 1;
342 mem_init_print_info(NULL
);
344 pr_info("Kernel virtual memory layout:\n");
345 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : fixmap\n", FIXADDR_START
, FIXADDR_TOP
);
346 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
347 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : highmem PTEs\n",
348 PKMAP_BASE
, PKMAP_ADDR(LAST_PKMAP
));
349 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
350 #ifdef CONFIG_NOT_COHERENT_CACHE
351 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : consistent mem\n",
352 IOREMAP_TOP
, IOREMAP_TOP
+ CONFIG_CONSISTENT_SIZE
);
353 #endif /* CONFIG_NOT_COHERENT_CACHE */
354 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : early ioremap\n",
355 ioremap_bot
, IOREMAP_TOP
);
356 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : vmalloc & ioremap\n",
357 VMALLOC_START
, VMALLOC_END
);
358 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC32 */
363 void free_initmem(void)
365 ppc_md
.progress
= ppc_printk_progress
;
366 free_initmem_default(POISON_FREE_INITMEM
);
369 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
370 void __init
free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start
, unsigned long end
)
372 free_reserved_area((void *)start
, (void *)end
, -1, "initrd");
377 * This is called when a page has been modified by the kernel.
378 * It just marks the page as not i-cache clean. We do the i-cache
379 * flush later when the page is given to a user process, if necessary.
381 void flush_dcache_page(struct page
*page
)
383 if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
))
385 /* avoid an atomic op if possible */
386 if (test_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
))
387 clear_bit(PG_arch_1
, &page
->flags
);
389 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_dcache_page
);
391 void flush_dcache_icache_page(struct page
*page
)
393 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
394 if (PageCompound(page
)) {
395 flush_dcache_icache_hugepage(page
);
401 void *start
= kmap_atomic(page
);
402 __flush_dcache_icache(start
);
403 kunmap_atomic(start
);
405 #elif defined(CONFIG_8xx) || defined(CONFIG_PPC64)
406 /* On 8xx there is no need to kmap since highmem is not supported */
407 __flush_dcache_icache(page_address(page
));
409 __flush_dcache_icache_phys(page_to_pfn(page
) << PAGE_SHIFT
);
412 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_dcache_icache_page
);
414 void clear_user_page(void *page
, unsigned long vaddr
, struct page
*pg
)
419 * We shouldn't have to do this, but some versions of glibc
420 * require it (ld.so assumes zero filled pages are icache clean)
423 flush_dcache_page(pg
);
425 EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_user_page
);
427 void copy_user_page(void *vto
, void *vfrom
, unsigned long vaddr
,
430 copy_page(vto
, vfrom
);
433 * We should be able to use the following optimisation, however
434 * there are two problems.
435 * Firstly a bug in some versions of binutils meant PLT sections
436 * were not marked executable.
437 * Secondly the first word in the GOT section is blrl, used
438 * to establish the GOT address. Until recently the GOT was
439 * not marked executable.
443 if (!vma
->vm_file
&& ((vma
->vm_flags
& VM_EXEC
) == 0))
447 flush_dcache_page(pg
);
450 void flush_icache_user_range(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, struct page
*page
,
451 unsigned long addr
, int len
)
455 maddr
= (unsigned long) kmap(page
) + (addr
& ~PAGE_MASK
);
456 flush_icache_range(maddr
, maddr
+ len
);
459 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_icache_user_range
);
462 * This is called at the end of handling a user page fault, when the
463 * fault has been handled by updating a PTE in the linux page tables.
464 * We use it to preload an HPTE into the hash table corresponding to
465 * the updated linux PTE.
467 * This must always be called with the pte lock held.
469 void update_mmu_cache(struct vm_area_struct
*vma
, unsigned long address
,
472 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU
474 * We don't need to worry about _PAGE_PRESENT here because we are
475 * called with either mm->page_table_lock held or ptl lock held
477 unsigned long access
= 0, trap
;
479 /* We only want HPTEs for linux PTEs that have _PAGE_ACCESSED set */
480 if (!pte_young(*ptep
) || address
>= TASK_SIZE
)
483 /* We try to figure out if we are coming from an instruction
484 * access fault and pass that down to __hash_page so we avoid
485 * double-faulting on execution of fresh text. We have to test
486 * for regs NULL since init will get here first thing at boot
488 * We also avoid filling the hash if not coming from a fault
490 if (current
->thread
.regs
== NULL
)
492 trap
= TRAP(current
->thread
.regs
);
494 access
|= _PAGE_EXEC
;
495 else if (trap
!= 0x300)
497 hash_preload(vma
->vm_mm
, address
, access
, trap
);
498 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU */
499 #if (defined(CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3E_64) || defined(CONFIG_PPC_FSL_BOOK3E)) \
500 && defined(CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE)
501 if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma
))
502 book3e_hugetlb_preload(vma
, address
, *ptep
);
507 * System memory should not be in /proc/iomem but various tools expect it
510 static int add_system_ram_resources(void)
512 struct memblock_region
*reg
;
514 for_each_memblock(memory
, reg
) {
515 struct resource
*res
;
516 unsigned long base
= reg
->base
;
517 unsigned long size
= reg
->size
;
519 res
= kzalloc(sizeof(struct resource
), GFP_KERNEL
);
523 res
->name
= "System RAM";
525 res
->end
= base
+ size
- 1;
526 res
->flags
= IORESOURCE_MEM
| IORESOURCE_BUSY
;
527 WARN_ON(request_resource(&iomem_resource
, res
) < 0);
533 subsys_initcall(add_system_ram_resources
);
535 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM
537 * devmem_is_allowed(): check to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
538 * is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
540 * Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the
541 * PCI mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
543 int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pfn
)
545 if (iomem_is_exclusive(pfn
<< PAGE_SHIFT
))
547 if (!page_is_ram(pfn
))
549 if (page_is_rtas_user_buf(pfn
))
553 #endif /* CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM */