1 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
2 #include <linux/types.h>
4 #include <asm/perf_event.h>
8 #include "perf_event.h"
12 LBR_FORMAT_LIP
= 0x01,
13 LBR_FORMAT_EIP
= 0x02,
14 LBR_FORMAT_EIP_FLAGS
= 0x03,
15 LBR_FORMAT_EIP_FLAGS2
= 0x04,
16 LBR_FORMAT_MAX_KNOWN
= LBR_FORMAT_EIP_FLAGS2
,
22 } lbr_desc
[LBR_FORMAT_MAX_KNOWN
+ 1] = {
23 [LBR_FORMAT_EIP_FLAGS
] = LBR_EIP_FLAGS
,
24 [LBR_FORMAT_EIP_FLAGS2
] = LBR_EIP_FLAGS
| LBR_TSX
,
28 * Intel LBR_SELECT bits
29 * Intel Vol3a, April 2011, Section 16.7 Table 16-10
31 * Hardware branch filter (not available on all CPUs)
33 #define LBR_KERNEL_BIT 0 /* do not capture at ring0 */
34 #define LBR_USER_BIT 1 /* do not capture at ring > 0 */
35 #define LBR_JCC_BIT 2 /* do not capture conditional branches */
36 #define LBR_REL_CALL_BIT 3 /* do not capture relative calls */
37 #define LBR_IND_CALL_BIT 4 /* do not capture indirect calls */
38 #define LBR_RETURN_BIT 5 /* do not capture near returns */
39 #define LBR_IND_JMP_BIT 6 /* do not capture indirect jumps */
40 #define LBR_REL_JMP_BIT 7 /* do not capture relative jumps */
41 #define LBR_FAR_BIT 8 /* do not capture far branches */
43 #define LBR_KERNEL (1 << LBR_KERNEL_BIT)
44 #define LBR_USER (1 << LBR_USER_BIT)
45 #define LBR_JCC (1 << LBR_JCC_BIT)
46 #define LBR_REL_CALL (1 << LBR_REL_CALL_BIT)
47 #define LBR_IND_CALL (1 << LBR_IND_CALL_BIT)
48 #define LBR_RETURN (1 << LBR_RETURN_BIT)
49 #define LBR_REL_JMP (1 << LBR_REL_JMP_BIT)
50 #define LBR_IND_JMP (1 << LBR_IND_JMP_BIT)
51 #define LBR_FAR (1 << LBR_FAR_BIT)
53 #define LBR_PLM (LBR_KERNEL | LBR_USER)
55 #define LBR_SEL_MASK 0x1ff /* valid bits in LBR_SELECT */
56 #define LBR_NOT_SUPP -1 /* LBR filter not supported */
57 #define LBR_IGN 0 /* ignored */
68 #define LBR_FROM_FLAG_MISPRED (1ULL << 63)
69 #define LBR_FROM_FLAG_IN_TX (1ULL << 62)
70 #define LBR_FROM_FLAG_ABORT (1ULL << 61)
72 #define for_each_branch_sample_type(x) \
73 for ((x) = PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER; \
74 (x) < PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_MAX; (x) <<= 1)
77 * x86control flow change classification
78 * x86control flow changes include branches, interrupts, traps, faults
81 X86_BR_NONE
= 0, /* unknown */
83 X86_BR_USER
= 1 << 0, /* branch target is user */
84 X86_BR_KERNEL
= 1 << 1, /* branch target is kernel */
86 X86_BR_CALL
= 1 << 2, /* call */
87 X86_BR_RET
= 1 << 3, /* return */
88 X86_BR_SYSCALL
= 1 << 4, /* syscall */
89 X86_BR_SYSRET
= 1 << 5, /* syscall return */
90 X86_BR_INT
= 1 << 6, /* sw interrupt */
91 X86_BR_IRET
= 1 << 7, /* return from interrupt */
92 X86_BR_JCC
= 1 << 8, /* conditional */
93 X86_BR_JMP
= 1 << 9, /* jump */
94 X86_BR_IRQ
= 1 << 10,/* hw interrupt or trap or fault */
95 X86_BR_IND_CALL
= 1 << 11,/* indirect calls */
96 X86_BR_ABORT
= 1 << 12,/* transaction abort */
97 X86_BR_IN_TX
= 1 << 13,/* in transaction */
98 X86_BR_NO_TX
= 1 << 14,/* not in transaction */
101 #define X86_BR_PLM (X86_BR_USER | X86_BR_KERNEL)
102 #define X86_BR_ANYTX (X86_BR_NO_TX | X86_BR_IN_TX)
117 #define X86_BR_ALL (X86_BR_PLM | X86_BR_ANY)
119 #define X86_BR_ANY_CALL \
126 static void intel_pmu_lbr_filter(struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
);
129 * We only support LBR implementations that have FREEZE_LBRS_ON_PMI
130 * otherwise it becomes near impossible to get a reliable stack.
133 static void __intel_pmu_lbr_enable(void)
136 struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
= &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events
);
139 wrmsrl(MSR_LBR_SELECT
, cpuc
->lbr_sel
->config
);
141 rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR
, debugctl
);
142 debugctl
|= (DEBUGCTLMSR_LBR
| DEBUGCTLMSR_FREEZE_LBRS_ON_PMI
);
143 wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR
, debugctl
);
146 static void __intel_pmu_lbr_disable(void)
150 rdmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR
, debugctl
);
151 debugctl
&= ~(DEBUGCTLMSR_LBR
| DEBUGCTLMSR_FREEZE_LBRS_ON_PMI
);
152 wrmsrl(MSR_IA32_DEBUGCTLMSR
, debugctl
);
155 static void intel_pmu_lbr_reset_32(void)
159 for (i
= 0; i
< x86_pmu
.lbr_nr
; i
++)
160 wrmsrl(x86_pmu
.lbr_from
+ i
, 0);
163 static void intel_pmu_lbr_reset_64(void)
167 for (i
= 0; i
< x86_pmu
.lbr_nr
; i
++) {
168 wrmsrl(x86_pmu
.lbr_from
+ i
, 0);
169 wrmsrl(x86_pmu
.lbr_to
+ i
, 0);
173 void intel_pmu_lbr_reset(void)
178 if (x86_pmu
.intel_cap
.lbr_format
== LBR_FORMAT_32
)
179 intel_pmu_lbr_reset_32();
181 intel_pmu_lbr_reset_64();
184 void intel_pmu_lbr_enable(struct perf_event
*event
)
186 struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
= &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events
);
192 * Reset the LBR stack if we changed task context to
195 if (event
->ctx
->task
&& cpuc
->lbr_context
!= event
->ctx
) {
196 intel_pmu_lbr_reset();
197 cpuc
->lbr_context
= event
->ctx
;
199 cpuc
->br_sel
= event
->hw
.branch_reg
.reg
;
204 void intel_pmu_lbr_disable(struct perf_event
*event
)
206 struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
= &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events
);
212 WARN_ON_ONCE(cpuc
->lbr_users
< 0);
214 if (cpuc
->enabled
&& !cpuc
->lbr_users
) {
215 __intel_pmu_lbr_disable();
216 /* avoid stale pointer */
217 cpuc
->lbr_context
= NULL
;
221 void intel_pmu_lbr_enable_all(void)
223 struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
= &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events
);
226 __intel_pmu_lbr_enable();
229 void intel_pmu_lbr_disable_all(void)
231 struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
= &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events
);
234 __intel_pmu_lbr_disable();
238 * TOS = most recently recorded branch
240 static inline u64
intel_pmu_lbr_tos(void)
244 rdmsrl(x86_pmu
.lbr_tos
, tos
);
249 static void intel_pmu_lbr_read_32(struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
)
251 unsigned long mask
= x86_pmu
.lbr_nr
- 1;
252 u64 tos
= intel_pmu_lbr_tos();
255 for (i
= 0; i
< x86_pmu
.lbr_nr
; i
++) {
256 unsigned long lbr_idx
= (tos
- i
) & mask
;
265 rdmsrl(x86_pmu
.lbr_from
+ lbr_idx
, msr_lastbranch
.lbr
);
267 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].from
= msr_lastbranch
.from
;
268 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].to
= msr_lastbranch
.to
;
269 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].mispred
= 0;
270 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].predicted
= 0;
271 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].reserved
= 0;
273 cpuc
->lbr_stack
.nr
= i
;
277 * Due to lack of segmentation in Linux the effective address (offset)
278 * is the same as the linear address, allowing us to merge the LIP and EIP
281 static void intel_pmu_lbr_read_64(struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
)
283 unsigned long mask
= x86_pmu
.lbr_nr
- 1;
284 int lbr_format
= x86_pmu
.intel_cap
.lbr_format
;
285 u64 tos
= intel_pmu_lbr_tos();
288 for (i
= 0; i
< x86_pmu
.lbr_nr
; i
++) {
289 unsigned long lbr_idx
= (tos
- i
) & mask
;
290 u64 from
, to
, mis
= 0, pred
= 0, in_tx
= 0, abort
= 0;
292 int lbr_flags
= lbr_desc
[lbr_format
];
294 rdmsrl(x86_pmu
.lbr_from
+ lbr_idx
, from
);
295 rdmsrl(x86_pmu
.lbr_to
+ lbr_idx
, to
);
297 if (lbr_flags
& LBR_EIP_FLAGS
) {
298 mis
= !!(from
& LBR_FROM_FLAG_MISPRED
);
302 if (lbr_flags
& LBR_TSX
) {
303 in_tx
= !!(from
& LBR_FROM_FLAG_IN_TX
);
304 abort
= !!(from
& LBR_FROM_FLAG_ABORT
);
307 from
= (u64
)((((s64
)from
) << skip
) >> skip
);
309 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].from
= from
;
310 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].to
= to
;
311 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].mispred
= mis
;
312 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].predicted
= pred
;
313 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].in_tx
= in_tx
;
314 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].abort
= abort
;
315 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].reserved
= 0;
317 cpuc
->lbr_stack
.nr
= i
;
320 void intel_pmu_lbr_read(void)
322 struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
= &__get_cpu_var(cpu_hw_events
);
324 if (!cpuc
->lbr_users
)
327 if (x86_pmu
.intel_cap
.lbr_format
== LBR_FORMAT_32
)
328 intel_pmu_lbr_read_32(cpuc
);
330 intel_pmu_lbr_read_64(cpuc
);
332 intel_pmu_lbr_filter(cpuc
);
337 * - in case there is no HW filter
338 * - in case the HW filter has errata or limitations
340 static void intel_pmu_setup_sw_lbr_filter(struct perf_event
*event
)
342 u64 br_type
= event
->attr
.branch_sample_type
;
345 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER
)
348 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_KERNEL
)
349 mask
|= X86_BR_KERNEL
;
351 /* we ignore BRANCH_HV here */
353 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY
)
356 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_CALL
)
357 mask
|= X86_BR_ANY_CALL
;
359 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_RETURN
)
360 mask
|= X86_BR_RET
| X86_BR_IRET
| X86_BR_SYSRET
;
362 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IND_CALL
)
363 mask
|= X86_BR_IND_CALL
;
365 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ABORT_TX
)
366 mask
|= X86_BR_ABORT
;
368 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IN_TX
)
369 mask
|= X86_BR_IN_TX
;
371 if (br_type
& PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_NO_TX
)
372 mask
|= X86_BR_NO_TX
;
375 * stash actual user request into reg, it may
376 * be used by fixup code for some CPU
378 event
->hw
.branch_reg
.reg
= mask
;
382 * setup the HW LBR filter
383 * Used only when available, may not be enough to disambiguate
384 * all branches, may need the help of the SW filter
386 static int intel_pmu_setup_hw_lbr_filter(struct perf_event
*event
)
388 struct hw_perf_event_extra
*reg
;
389 u64 br_type
= event
->attr
.branch_sample_type
;
393 for_each_branch_sample_type(m
) {
397 v
= x86_pmu
.lbr_sel_map
[m
];
398 if (v
== LBR_NOT_SUPP
)
404 reg
= &event
->hw
.branch_reg
;
405 reg
->idx
= EXTRA_REG_LBR
;
407 /* LBR_SELECT operates in suppress mode so invert mask */
408 reg
->config
= ~mask
& x86_pmu
.lbr_sel_mask
;
413 int intel_pmu_setup_lbr_filter(struct perf_event
*event
)
424 * setup SW LBR filter
426 intel_pmu_setup_sw_lbr_filter(event
);
429 * setup HW LBR filter, if any
431 if (x86_pmu
.lbr_sel_map
)
432 ret
= intel_pmu_setup_hw_lbr_filter(event
);
438 * return the type of control flow change at address "from"
439 * intruction is not necessarily a branch (in case of interrupt).
441 * The branch type returned also includes the priv level of the
442 * target of the control flow change (X86_BR_USER, X86_BR_KERNEL).
444 * If a branch type is unknown OR the instruction cannot be
445 * decoded (e.g., text page not present), then X86_BR_NONE is
448 static int branch_type(unsigned long from
, unsigned long to
, int abort
)
452 int bytes
, size
= MAX_INSN_SIZE
;
453 int ret
= X86_BR_NONE
;
454 int ext
, to_plm
, from_plm
;
455 u8 buf
[MAX_INSN_SIZE
];
458 to_plm
= kernel_ip(to
) ? X86_BR_KERNEL
: X86_BR_USER
;
459 from_plm
= kernel_ip(from
) ? X86_BR_KERNEL
: X86_BR_USER
;
462 * maybe zero if lbr did not fill up after a reset by the time
463 * we get a PMU interrupt
465 if (from
== 0 || to
== 0)
469 return X86_BR_ABORT
| to_plm
;
471 if (from_plm
== X86_BR_USER
) {
473 * can happen if measuring at the user level only
474 * and we interrupt in a kernel thread, e.g., idle.
479 /* may fail if text not present */
480 bytes
= copy_from_user_nmi(buf
, (void __user
*)from
, size
);
487 * The LBR logs any address in the IP, even if the IP just
488 * faulted. This means userspace can control the from address.
489 * Ensure we don't blindy read any address by validating it is
490 * a known text address.
492 if (kernel_text_address(from
))
499 * decoder needs to know the ABI especially
500 * on 64-bit systems running 32-bit apps
503 is64
= kernel_ip((unsigned long)addr
) || !test_thread_flag(TIF_IA32
);
505 insn_init(&insn
, addr
, is64
);
506 insn_get_opcode(&insn
);
508 switch (insn
.opcode
.bytes
[0]) {
510 switch (insn
.opcode
.bytes
[1]) {
511 case 0x05: /* syscall */
512 case 0x34: /* sysenter */
513 ret
= X86_BR_SYSCALL
;
515 case 0x07: /* sysret */
516 case 0x35: /* sysexit */
519 case 0x80 ... 0x8f: /* conditional */
526 case 0x70 ... 0x7f: /* conditional */
529 case 0xc2: /* near ret */
530 case 0xc3: /* near ret */
531 case 0xca: /* far ret */
532 case 0xcb: /* far ret */
535 case 0xcf: /* iret */
538 case 0xcc ... 0xce: /* int */
541 case 0xe8: /* call near rel */
542 case 0x9a: /* call far absolute */
545 case 0xe0 ... 0xe3: /* loop jmp */
548 case 0xe9 ... 0xeb: /* jmp */
551 case 0xff: /* call near absolute, call far absolute ind */
552 insn_get_modrm(&insn
);
553 ext
= (insn
.modrm
.bytes
[0] >> 3) & 0x7;
555 case 2: /* near ind call */
556 case 3: /* far ind call */
557 ret
= X86_BR_IND_CALL
;
569 * interrupts, traps, faults (and thus ring transition) may
570 * occur on any instructions. Thus, to classify them correctly,
571 * we need to first look at the from and to priv levels. If they
572 * are different and to is in the kernel, then it indicates
573 * a ring transition. If the from instruction is not a ring
574 * transition instr (syscall, systenter, int), then it means
575 * it was a irq, trap or fault.
577 * we have no way of detecting kernel to kernel faults.
579 if (from_plm
== X86_BR_USER
&& to_plm
== X86_BR_KERNEL
580 && ret
!= X86_BR_SYSCALL
&& ret
!= X86_BR_INT
)
584 * branch priv level determined by target as
585 * is done by HW when LBR_SELECT is implemented
587 if (ret
!= X86_BR_NONE
)
594 * implement actual branch filter based on user demand.
595 * Hardware may not exactly satisfy that request, thus
596 * we need to inspect opcodes. Mismatched branches are
597 * discarded. Therefore, the number of branches returned
598 * in PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_STACK sample may vary.
601 intel_pmu_lbr_filter(struct cpu_hw_events
*cpuc
)
604 int br_sel
= cpuc
->br_sel
;
606 bool compress
= false;
608 /* if sampling all branches, then nothing to filter */
609 if ((br_sel
& X86_BR_ALL
) == X86_BR_ALL
)
612 for (i
= 0; i
< cpuc
->lbr_stack
.nr
; i
++) {
614 from
= cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].from
;
615 to
= cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].to
;
617 type
= branch_type(from
, to
, cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].abort
);
618 if (type
!= X86_BR_NONE
&& (br_sel
& X86_BR_ANYTX
)) {
619 if (cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].in_tx
)
620 type
|= X86_BR_IN_TX
;
622 type
|= X86_BR_NO_TX
;
625 /* if type does not correspond, then discard */
626 if (type
== X86_BR_NONE
|| (br_sel
& type
) != type
) {
627 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].from
= 0;
635 /* remove all entries with from=0 */
636 for (i
= 0; i
< cpuc
->lbr_stack
.nr
; ) {
637 if (!cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].from
) {
639 while (++j
< cpuc
->lbr_stack
.nr
)
640 cpuc
->lbr_entries
[j
-1] = cpuc
->lbr_entries
[j
];
641 cpuc
->lbr_stack
.nr
--;
642 if (!cpuc
->lbr_entries
[i
].from
)
650 * Map interface branch filters onto LBR filters
652 static const int nhm_lbr_sel_map
[PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_MAX
] = {
653 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY
] = LBR_ANY
,
654 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER
] = LBR_USER
,
655 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_KERNEL
] = LBR_KERNEL
,
656 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_HV
] = LBR_IGN
,
657 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_RETURN
] = LBR_RETURN
| LBR_REL_JMP
658 | LBR_IND_JMP
| LBR_FAR
,
660 * NHM/WSM erratum: must include REL_JMP+IND_JMP to get CALL branches
662 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_CALL
] =
663 LBR_REL_CALL
| LBR_IND_CALL
| LBR_REL_JMP
| LBR_IND_JMP
| LBR_FAR
,
665 * NHM/WSM erratum: must include IND_JMP to capture IND_CALL
667 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IND_CALL
] = LBR_IND_CALL
| LBR_IND_JMP
,
670 static const int snb_lbr_sel_map
[PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_MAX
] = {
671 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY
] = LBR_ANY
,
672 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_USER
] = LBR_USER
,
673 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_KERNEL
] = LBR_KERNEL
,
674 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_HV
] = LBR_IGN
,
675 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_RETURN
] = LBR_RETURN
| LBR_FAR
,
676 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_ANY_CALL
] = LBR_REL_CALL
| LBR_IND_CALL
678 [PERF_SAMPLE_BRANCH_IND_CALL
] = LBR_IND_CALL
,
682 void intel_pmu_lbr_init_core(void)
685 x86_pmu
.lbr_tos
= MSR_LBR_TOS
;
686 x86_pmu
.lbr_from
= MSR_LBR_CORE_FROM
;
687 x86_pmu
.lbr_to
= MSR_LBR_CORE_TO
;
690 * SW branch filter usage:
691 * - compensate for lack of HW filter
693 pr_cont("4-deep LBR, ");
696 /* nehalem/westmere */
697 void intel_pmu_lbr_init_nhm(void)
700 x86_pmu
.lbr_tos
= MSR_LBR_TOS
;
701 x86_pmu
.lbr_from
= MSR_LBR_NHM_FROM
;
702 x86_pmu
.lbr_to
= MSR_LBR_NHM_TO
;
704 x86_pmu
.lbr_sel_mask
= LBR_SEL_MASK
;
705 x86_pmu
.lbr_sel_map
= nhm_lbr_sel_map
;
708 * SW branch filter usage:
709 * - workaround LBR_SEL errata (see above)
710 * - support syscall, sysret capture.
711 * That requires LBR_FAR but that means far
712 * jmp need to be filtered out
714 pr_cont("16-deep LBR, ");
718 void intel_pmu_lbr_init_snb(void)
721 x86_pmu
.lbr_tos
= MSR_LBR_TOS
;
722 x86_pmu
.lbr_from
= MSR_LBR_NHM_FROM
;
723 x86_pmu
.lbr_to
= MSR_LBR_NHM_TO
;
725 x86_pmu
.lbr_sel_mask
= LBR_SEL_MASK
;
726 x86_pmu
.lbr_sel_map
= snb_lbr_sel_map
;
729 * SW branch filter usage:
730 * - support syscall, sysret capture.
731 * That requires LBR_FAR but that means far
732 * jmp need to be filtered out
734 pr_cont("16-deep LBR, ");
738 void intel_pmu_lbr_init_atom(void)
741 * only models starting at stepping 10 seems
742 * to have an operational LBR which can freeze
745 if (boot_cpu_data
.x86_model
== 28
746 && boot_cpu_data
.x86_mask
< 10) {
747 pr_cont("LBR disabled due to erratum");
752 x86_pmu
.lbr_tos
= MSR_LBR_TOS
;
753 x86_pmu
.lbr_from
= MSR_LBR_CORE_FROM
;
754 x86_pmu
.lbr_to
= MSR_LBR_CORE_TO
;
757 * SW branch filter usage:
758 * - compensate for lack of HW filter
760 pr_cont("8-deep LBR, ");