2 * Helper functions used by the EFI stub on multiple
3 * architectures. This should be #included by the EFI stub
4 * implementation files.
6 * Copyright 2011 Intel Corporation; author Matt Fleming
8 * This file is part of the Linux kernel, and is made available
9 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2.
13 #include <linux/efi.h>
19 * Some firmware implementations have problems reading files in one go.
20 * A read chunk size of 1MB seems to work for most platforms.
22 * Unfortunately, reading files in chunks triggers *other* bugs on some
23 * platforms, so we provide a way to disable this workaround, which can
24 * be done by passing "efi=nochunk" on the EFI boot stub command line.
26 * If you experience issues with initrd images being corrupt it's worth
27 * trying efi=nochunk, but chunking is enabled by default because there
28 * are far more machines that require the workaround than those that
29 * break with it enabled.
31 #define EFI_READ_CHUNK_SIZE (1024 * 1024)
33 static unsigned long __chunk_size
= EFI_READ_CHUNK_SIZE
;
35 static int __section(.data
) __nokaslr
;
36 static int __section(.data
) __quiet
;
38 int __pure
nokaslr(void)
42 int __pure
is_quiet(void)
47 #define EFI_MMAP_NR_SLACK_SLOTS 8
50 efi_file_handle_t
*handle
;
54 void efi_printk(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
, char *str
)
58 for (s8
= str
; *s8
; s8
++) {
59 efi_char16_t ch
[2] = { 0 };
63 efi_char16_t nl
[2] = { '\r', 0 };
64 efi_char16_printk(sys_table_arg
, nl
);
67 efi_char16_printk(sys_table_arg
, ch
);
71 static inline bool mmap_has_headroom(unsigned long buff_size
,
72 unsigned long map_size
,
73 unsigned long desc_size
)
75 unsigned long slack
= buff_size
- map_size
;
77 return slack
/ desc_size
>= EFI_MMAP_NR_SLACK_SLOTS
;
80 efi_status_t
efi_get_memory_map(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
,
81 struct efi_boot_memmap
*map
)
83 efi_memory_desc_t
*m
= NULL
;
88 *map
->desc_size
= sizeof(*m
);
89 *map
->map_size
= *map
->desc_size
* 32;
90 *map
->buff_size
= *map
->map_size
;
92 status
= efi_call_early(allocate_pool
, EFI_LOADER_DATA
,
93 *map
->map_size
, (void **)&m
);
94 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
99 status
= efi_call_early(get_memory_map
, map
->map_size
, m
,
100 &key
, map
->desc_size
, &desc_version
);
101 if (status
== EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
||
102 !mmap_has_headroom(*map
->buff_size
, *map
->map_size
,
104 efi_call_early(free_pool
, m
);
106 * Make sure there is some entries of headroom so that the
107 * buffer can be reused for a new map after allocations are
108 * no longer permitted. Its unlikely that the map will grow to
109 * exceed this headroom once we are ready to trigger
112 *map
->map_size
+= *map
->desc_size
* EFI_MMAP_NR_SLACK_SLOTS
;
113 *map
->buff_size
= *map
->map_size
;
117 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
118 efi_call_early(free_pool
, m
);
120 if (map
->key_ptr
&& status
== EFI_SUCCESS
)
122 if (map
->desc_ver
&& status
== EFI_SUCCESS
)
123 *map
->desc_ver
= desc_version
;
131 unsigned long get_dram_base(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
)
134 unsigned long map_size
, buff_size
;
135 unsigned long membase
= EFI_ERROR
;
136 struct efi_memory_map map
;
137 efi_memory_desc_t
*md
;
138 struct efi_boot_memmap boot_map
;
140 boot_map
.map
= (efi_memory_desc_t
**)&map
.map
;
141 boot_map
.map_size
= &map_size
;
142 boot_map
.desc_size
= &map
.desc_size
;
143 boot_map
.desc_ver
= NULL
;
144 boot_map
.key_ptr
= NULL
;
145 boot_map
.buff_size
= &buff_size
;
147 status
= efi_get_memory_map(sys_table_arg
, &boot_map
);
148 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
151 map
.map_end
= map
.map
+ map_size
;
153 for_each_efi_memory_desc_in_map(&map
, md
) {
154 if (md
->attribute
& EFI_MEMORY_WB
) {
155 if (membase
> md
->phys_addr
)
156 membase
= md
->phys_addr
;
160 efi_call_early(free_pool
, map
.map
);
166 * Allocate at the highest possible address that is not above 'max'.
168 efi_status_t
efi_high_alloc(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
,
169 unsigned long size
, unsigned long align
,
170 unsigned long *addr
, unsigned long max
)
172 unsigned long map_size
, desc_size
, buff_size
;
173 efi_memory_desc_t
*map
;
175 unsigned long nr_pages
;
178 struct efi_boot_memmap boot_map
;
181 boot_map
.map_size
= &map_size
;
182 boot_map
.desc_size
= &desc_size
;
183 boot_map
.desc_ver
= NULL
;
184 boot_map
.key_ptr
= NULL
;
185 boot_map
.buff_size
= &buff_size
;
187 status
= efi_get_memory_map(sys_table_arg
, &boot_map
);
188 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
192 * Enforce minimum alignment that EFI or Linux requires when
193 * requesting a specific address. We are doing page-based (or
194 * larger) allocations, and both the address and size must meet
195 * alignment constraints.
197 if (align
< EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
)
198 align
= EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
;
200 size
= round_up(size
, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
);
201 nr_pages
= size
/ EFI_PAGE_SIZE
;
203 for (i
= 0; i
< map_size
/ desc_size
; i
++) {
204 efi_memory_desc_t
*desc
;
205 unsigned long m
= (unsigned long)map
;
208 desc
= efi_early_memdesc_ptr(m
, desc_size
, i
);
209 if (desc
->type
!= EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY
)
212 if (desc
->num_pages
< nr_pages
)
215 start
= desc
->phys_addr
;
216 end
= start
+ desc
->num_pages
* EFI_PAGE_SIZE
;
221 if ((start
+ size
) > end
)
224 if (round_down(end
- size
, align
) < start
)
227 start
= round_down(end
- size
, align
);
230 * Don't allocate at 0x0. It will confuse code that
231 * checks pointers against NULL.
236 if (start
> max_addr
)
241 status
= EFI_NOT_FOUND
;
243 status
= efi_call_early(allocate_pages
,
244 EFI_ALLOCATE_ADDRESS
, EFI_LOADER_DATA
,
245 nr_pages
, &max_addr
);
246 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
255 efi_call_early(free_pool
, map
);
261 * Allocate at the lowest possible address.
263 efi_status_t
efi_low_alloc(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
,
264 unsigned long size
, unsigned long align
,
267 unsigned long map_size
, desc_size
, buff_size
;
268 efi_memory_desc_t
*map
;
270 unsigned long nr_pages
;
272 struct efi_boot_memmap boot_map
;
275 boot_map
.map_size
= &map_size
;
276 boot_map
.desc_size
= &desc_size
;
277 boot_map
.desc_ver
= NULL
;
278 boot_map
.key_ptr
= NULL
;
279 boot_map
.buff_size
= &buff_size
;
281 status
= efi_get_memory_map(sys_table_arg
, &boot_map
);
282 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
286 * Enforce minimum alignment that EFI or Linux requires when
287 * requesting a specific address. We are doing page-based (or
288 * larger) allocations, and both the address and size must meet
289 * alignment constraints.
291 if (align
< EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
)
292 align
= EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
;
294 size
= round_up(size
, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
);
295 nr_pages
= size
/ EFI_PAGE_SIZE
;
296 for (i
= 0; i
< map_size
/ desc_size
; i
++) {
297 efi_memory_desc_t
*desc
;
298 unsigned long m
= (unsigned long)map
;
301 desc
= efi_early_memdesc_ptr(m
, desc_size
, i
);
303 if (desc
->type
!= EFI_CONVENTIONAL_MEMORY
)
306 if (desc
->num_pages
< nr_pages
)
309 start
= desc
->phys_addr
;
310 end
= start
+ desc
->num_pages
* EFI_PAGE_SIZE
;
313 * Don't allocate at 0x0. It will confuse code that
314 * checks pointers against NULL. Skip the first 8
315 * bytes so we start at a nice even number.
320 start
= round_up(start
, align
);
321 if ((start
+ size
) > end
)
324 status
= efi_call_early(allocate_pages
,
325 EFI_ALLOCATE_ADDRESS
, EFI_LOADER_DATA
,
327 if (status
== EFI_SUCCESS
) {
333 if (i
== map_size
/ desc_size
)
334 status
= EFI_NOT_FOUND
;
336 efi_call_early(free_pool
, map
);
341 void efi_free(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
, unsigned long size
,
344 unsigned long nr_pages
;
349 nr_pages
= round_up(size
, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
) / EFI_PAGE_SIZE
;
350 efi_call_early(free_pages
, addr
, nr_pages
);
353 static efi_status_t
efi_file_size(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
, void *__fh
,
354 efi_char16_t
*filename_16
, void **handle
,
357 efi_file_handle_t
*h
, *fh
= __fh
;
358 efi_file_info_t
*info
;
360 efi_guid_t info_guid
= EFI_FILE_INFO_ID
;
361 unsigned long info_sz
;
363 status
= efi_call_proto(efi_file_handle
, open
, fh
, &h
, filename_16
,
364 EFI_FILE_MODE_READ
, (u64
)0);
365 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
366 efi_printk(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to open file: ");
367 efi_char16_printk(sys_table_arg
, filename_16
);
368 efi_printk(sys_table_arg
, "\n");
375 status
= efi_call_proto(efi_file_handle
, get_info
, h
, &info_guid
,
377 if (status
!= EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
) {
378 efi_printk(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to get file info size\n");
383 status
= efi_call_early(allocate_pool
, EFI_LOADER_DATA
,
384 info_sz
, (void **)&info
);
385 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
386 efi_printk(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to alloc mem for file info\n");
390 status
= efi_call_proto(efi_file_handle
, get_info
, h
, &info_guid
,
392 if (status
== EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL
) {
393 efi_call_early(free_pool
, info
);
397 *file_sz
= info
->file_size
;
398 efi_call_early(free_pool
, info
);
400 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
401 efi_printk(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to get initrd info\n");
406 static efi_status_t
efi_file_read(void *handle
, unsigned long *size
, void *addr
)
408 return efi_call_proto(efi_file_handle
, read
, handle
, size
, addr
);
411 static efi_status_t
efi_file_close(void *handle
)
413 return efi_call_proto(efi_file_handle
, close
, handle
);
417 * Parse the ASCII string 'cmdline' for EFI options, denoted by the efi=
418 * option, e.g. efi=nochunk.
420 * It should be noted that efi= is parsed in two very different
421 * environments, first in the early boot environment of the EFI boot
422 * stub, and subsequently during the kernel boot.
424 efi_status_t
efi_parse_options(char const *cmdline
)
428 str
= strstr(cmdline
, "nokaslr");
429 if (str
== cmdline
|| (str
&& str
> cmdline
&& *(str
- 1) == ' '))
432 str
= strstr(cmdline
, "quiet");
433 if (str
== cmdline
|| (str
&& str
> cmdline
&& *(str
- 1) == ' '))
437 * If no EFI parameters were specified on the cmdline we've got
440 str
= strstr(cmdline
, "efi=");
444 /* Skip ahead to first argument */
445 str
+= strlen("efi=");
448 * Remember, because efi= is also used by the kernel we need to
449 * skip over arguments we don't understand.
451 while (*str
&& *str
!= ' ') {
452 if (!strncmp(str
, "nochunk", 7)) {
453 str
+= strlen("nochunk");
457 /* Group words together, delimited by "," */
458 while (*str
&& *str
!= ' ' && *str
!= ',')
469 * Check the cmdline for a LILO-style file= arguments.
471 * We only support loading a file from the same filesystem as
474 efi_status_t
handle_cmdline_files(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
,
475 efi_loaded_image_t
*image
,
476 char *cmd_line
, char *option_string
,
477 unsigned long max_addr
,
478 unsigned long *load_addr
,
479 unsigned long *load_size
)
481 struct file_info
*files
;
482 unsigned long file_addr
;
484 efi_file_handle_t
*fh
= NULL
;
495 j
= 0; /* See close_handles */
497 if (!load_addr
|| !load_size
)
498 return EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER
;
506 for (nr_files
= 0; *str
; nr_files
++) {
507 str
= strstr(str
, option_string
);
511 str
+= strlen(option_string
);
513 /* Skip any leading slashes */
514 while (*str
== '/' || *str
== '\\')
517 while (*str
&& *str
!= ' ' && *str
!= '\n')
524 status
= efi_call_early(allocate_pool
, EFI_LOADER_DATA
,
525 nr_files
* sizeof(*files
), (void **)&files
);
526 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
527 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to alloc mem for file handle list\n");
532 for (i
= 0; i
< nr_files
; i
++) {
533 struct file_info
*file
;
534 efi_char16_t filename_16
[256];
537 str
= strstr(str
, option_string
);
541 str
+= strlen(option_string
);
546 /* Skip any leading slashes */
547 while (*str
== '/' || *str
== '\\')
550 while (*str
&& *str
!= ' ' && *str
!= '\n') {
551 if ((u8
*)p
>= (u8
*)filename_16
+ sizeof(filename_16
))
564 /* Only open the volume once. */
566 status
= efi_open_volume(sys_table_arg
, image
,
568 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
572 status
= efi_file_size(sys_table_arg
, fh
, filename_16
,
573 (void **)&file
->handle
, &file
->size
);
574 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
577 file_size_total
+= file
->size
;
580 if (file_size_total
) {
584 * Multiple files need to be at consecutive addresses in memory,
585 * so allocate enough memory for all the files. This is used
586 * for loading multiple files.
588 status
= efi_high_alloc(sys_table_arg
, file_size_total
, 0x1000,
589 &file_addr
, max_addr
);
590 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
591 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to alloc highmem for files\n");
595 /* We've run out of free low memory. */
596 if (file_addr
> max_addr
) {
597 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg
, "We've run out of free low memory\n");
598 status
= EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER
;
599 goto free_file_total
;
603 for (j
= 0; j
< nr_files
; j
++) {
606 size
= files
[j
].size
;
608 unsigned long chunksize
;
610 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_X86
) && size
> __chunk_size
)
611 chunksize
= __chunk_size
;
615 status
= efi_file_read(files
[j
].handle
,
618 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
619 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to read file\n");
620 goto free_file_total
;
626 efi_file_close(files
[j
].handle
);
631 efi_call_early(free_pool
, files
);
633 *load_addr
= file_addr
;
634 *load_size
= file_size_total
;
639 efi_free(sys_table_arg
, file_size_total
, file_addr
);
642 for (k
= j
; k
< i
; k
++)
643 efi_file_close(files
[k
].handle
);
645 efi_call_early(free_pool
, files
);
653 * Relocate a kernel image, either compressed or uncompressed.
654 * In the ARM64 case, all kernel images are currently
655 * uncompressed, and as such when we relocate it we need to
656 * allocate additional space for the BSS segment. Any low
657 * memory that this function should avoid needs to be
658 * unavailable in the EFI memory map, as if the preferred
659 * address is not available the lowest available address will
662 efi_status_t
efi_relocate_kernel(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
,
663 unsigned long *image_addr
,
664 unsigned long image_size
,
665 unsigned long alloc_size
,
666 unsigned long preferred_addr
,
667 unsigned long alignment
)
669 unsigned long cur_image_addr
;
670 unsigned long new_addr
= 0;
672 unsigned long nr_pages
;
673 efi_physical_addr_t efi_addr
= preferred_addr
;
675 if (!image_addr
|| !image_size
|| !alloc_size
)
676 return EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER
;
677 if (alloc_size
< image_size
)
678 return EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER
;
680 cur_image_addr
= *image_addr
;
683 * The EFI firmware loader could have placed the kernel image
684 * anywhere in memory, but the kernel has restrictions on the
685 * max physical address it can run at. Some architectures
686 * also have a prefered address, so first try to relocate
687 * to the preferred address. If that fails, allocate as low
688 * as possible while respecting the required alignment.
690 nr_pages
= round_up(alloc_size
, EFI_ALLOC_ALIGN
) / EFI_PAGE_SIZE
;
691 status
= efi_call_early(allocate_pages
,
692 EFI_ALLOCATE_ADDRESS
, EFI_LOADER_DATA
,
693 nr_pages
, &efi_addr
);
696 * If preferred address allocation failed allocate as low as
699 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
700 status
= efi_low_alloc(sys_table_arg
, alloc_size
, alignment
,
703 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
) {
704 pr_efi_err(sys_table_arg
, "Failed to allocate usable memory for kernel.\n");
709 * We know source/dest won't overlap since both memory ranges
710 * have been allocated by UEFI, so we can safely use memcpy.
712 memcpy((void *)new_addr
, (void *)cur_image_addr
, image_size
);
714 /* Return the new address of the relocated image. */
715 *image_addr
= new_addr
;
721 * Get the number of UTF-8 bytes corresponding to an UTF-16 character.
722 * This overestimates for surrogates, but that is okay.
724 static int efi_utf8_bytes(u16 c
)
726 return 1 + (c
>= 0x80) + (c
>= 0x800);
730 * Convert an UTF-16 string, not necessarily null terminated, to UTF-8.
732 static u8
*efi_utf16_to_utf8(u8
*dst
, const u16
*src
, int n
)
738 if (n
&& c
>= 0xd800 && c
<= 0xdbff &&
739 *src
>= 0xdc00 && *src
<= 0xdfff) {
740 c
= 0x10000 + ((c
& 0x3ff) << 10) + (*src
& 0x3ff);
744 if (c
>= 0xd800 && c
<= 0xdfff)
745 c
= 0xfffd; /* Unmatched surrogate */
751 *dst
++ = 0xc0 + (c
>> 6);
755 *dst
++ = 0xe0 + (c
>> 12);
758 *dst
++ = 0xf0 + (c
>> 18);
759 *dst
++ = 0x80 + ((c
>> 12) & 0x3f);
761 *dst
++ = 0x80 + ((c
>> 6) & 0x3f);
763 *dst
++ = 0x80 + (c
& 0x3f);
769 #ifndef MAX_CMDLINE_ADDRESS
770 #define MAX_CMDLINE_ADDRESS ULONG_MAX
774 * Convert the unicode UEFI command line to ASCII to pass to kernel.
775 * Size of memory allocated return in *cmd_line_len.
776 * Returns NULL on error.
778 char *efi_convert_cmdline(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
,
779 efi_loaded_image_t
*image
,
784 unsigned long cmdline_addr
= 0;
785 int load_options_chars
= image
->load_options_size
/ 2; /* UTF-16 */
786 const u16
*options
= image
->load_options
;
787 int options_bytes
= 0; /* UTF-8 bytes */
788 int options_chars
= 0; /* UTF-16 chars */
794 while (*s2
&& *s2
!= '\n'
795 && options_chars
< load_options_chars
) {
796 options_bytes
+= efi_utf8_bytes(*s2
++);
801 if (!options_chars
) {
802 /* No command line options, so return empty string*/
806 options_bytes
++; /* NUL termination */
808 status
= efi_high_alloc(sys_table_arg
, options_bytes
, 0,
809 &cmdline_addr
, MAX_CMDLINE_ADDRESS
);
810 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
813 s1
= (u8
*)cmdline_addr
;
814 s2
= (const u16
*)options
;
816 s1
= efi_utf16_to_utf8(s1
, s2
, options_chars
);
819 *cmd_line_len
= options_bytes
;
820 return (char *)cmdline_addr
;
824 * Handle calling ExitBootServices according to the requirements set out by the
825 * spec. Obtains the current memory map, and returns that info after calling
826 * ExitBootServices. The client must specify a function to perform any
827 * processing of the memory map data prior to ExitBootServices. A client
828 * specific structure may be passed to the function via priv. The client
829 * function may be called multiple times.
831 efi_status_t
efi_exit_boot_services(efi_system_table_t
*sys_table_arg
,
833 struct efi_boot_memmap
*map
,
835 efi_exit_boot_map_processing priv_func
)
839 status
= efi_get_memory_map(sys_table_arg
, map
);
841 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
844 status
= priv_func(sys_table_arg
, map
, priv
);
845 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
848 status
= efi_call_early(exit_boot_services
, handle
, *map
->key_ptr
);
850 if (status
== EFI_INVALID_PARAMETER
) {
852 * The memory map changed between efi_get_memory_map() and
853 * exit_boot_services(). Per the UEFI Spec v2.6, Section 6.4:
854 * EFI_BOOT_SERVICES.ExitBootServices we need to get the
855 * updated map, and try again. The spec implies one retry
856 * should be sufficent, which is confirmed against the EDK2
857 * implementation. Per the spec, we can only invoke
858 * get_memory_map() and exit_boot_services() - we cannot alloc
859 * so efi_get_memory_map() cannot be used, and we must reuse
860 * the buffer. For all practical purposes, the headroom in the
861 * buffer should account for any changes in the map so the call
862 * to get_memory_map() is expected to succeed here.
864 *map
->map_size
= *map
->buff_size
;
865 status
= efi_call_early(get_memory_map
,
872 /* exit_boot_services() was called, thus cannot free */
873 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
876 status
= priv_func(sys_table_arg
, map
, priv
);
877 /* exit_boot_services() was called, thus cannot free */
878 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
881 status
= efi_call_early(exit_boot_services
, handle
, *map
->key_ptr
);
884 /* exit_boot_services() was called, thus cannot free */
885 if (status
!= EFI_SUCCESS
)
891 efi_call_early(free_pool
, *map
->map
);