1 ===============================================
2 How to conserve battery power using laptop-mode
3 ===============================================
5 Document Author: Bart Samwel (bart@samwel.tk)
7 Date created: January 2, 2004
9 Last modified: December 06, 2004
14 Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
15 to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant
33 To use laptop mode, you don't need to set any kernel configuration options
34 or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and
35 laptop mode will automatically be started when you're on battery. For
36 your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at:
38 http://www.samwel.tk/laptop_mode/laptop_mode/
40 To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is
41 located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in
42 /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems.
44 Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for
45 laptops that don't have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop
46 mode manually. To start laptop mode, run "laptop_mode start", and to
47 stop it, run "laptop_mode stop". (Note: The laptop mode tools package now
48 has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.)
54 * The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
55 minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI
56 scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
57 so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life.
59 * Most desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
60 cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet).
61 Check your drive's rating, and don't wear down your drive's lifetime if you
64 * If you mount some of your ext3/reiserfs filesystems with the -n option, then
65 the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set
66 DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the
67 wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab.
69 * If you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then
70 the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
71 You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.
73 * It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
74 times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
75 experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
76 DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.
82 Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is
83 present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any
84 configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might
85 have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The
86 result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up
87 anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
88 immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode
89 knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush
90 is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to
91 0 disables laptop mode.
93 To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode
94 control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in
95 /proc/sys/vm to about 10 minutes (by default), which means that pages that are
96 dirtied are not forced to be written to disk as often. The control script also
97 changes the dirty background ratio, so that background writeback of dirty pages
98 is not done anymore. Combined with a higher commit value (also 10 minutes) for
99 ext3 or ReiserFS filesystems (also done automatically by the control script),
100 this results in concentration of disk activity in a small time interval which
101 occurs only once every 10 minutes, or whenever the disk is forced to spin up by
102 a cache miss. The disk can then be spun down in the periods of inactivity.
104 If you want to find out which process caused the disk to spin up, you can
105 gather information by setting the flag /proc/sys/vm/block_dump. When this flag
106 is set, Linux reports all disk read and write operations that take place, and
107 all block dirtyings done to files. This makes it possible to debug why a disk
108 needs to spin up, and to increase battery life even more. The output of
109 block_dump is written to the kernel output, and it can be retrieved using
110 "dmesg". When you use block_dump and your kernel logging level also includes
111 kernel debugging messages, you probably want to turn off klogd, otherwise
112 the output of block_dump will be logged, causing disk activity that is not
119 The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on
120 Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It
121 contains the following options:
125 Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
126 comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
127 amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode.
129 MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:
131 Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of
132 battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes.
136 The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode
137 is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are
138 20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The
139 possible values are those listed in the manual page for "hdparm" for the
144 The devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode.
145 Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space.
149 Disk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large
150 readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are
151 loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data
156 The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems
157 with appropriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this
162 When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option?
163 Normally, this is set to "1" (enabled), but there may be programs that require
164 access time recording.
168 The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
169 before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to
170 the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl.
172 DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:
174 The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
175 after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set
176 this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
179 Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different
180 when laptop mode is active and when it isn't. When laptop mode is inactive,
181 dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts
182 start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts
183 are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback
184 is done when dirty_ratio is reached.
188 Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
189 See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info. Disabled by default.)
193 When on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal
194 values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at,
195 or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies.
201 * Bartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
202 of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).
204 * You can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
205 to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
206 once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
209 * Drew Scott Daniels observed: "I don't know why, but when I decrease the number
210 of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. I've seen
211 this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
212 might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or its users."
214 * In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash `-` to omit syncing the
215 file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't
216 spin down, this is a likely culprit.
218 * Richard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd
219 (http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
220 from doing its thing.
222 * If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
223 memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though
224 that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
225 may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
226 filesystems on flash memory sticks.)
229 Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts
230 -------------------------------------------------------
232 This allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external
235 It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as
236 /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes.
240 # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
241 # comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
242 # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
245 # Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery
246 # that you have left goes below this threshold.
247 MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10
249 # Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG
250 # by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk
251 # will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is
255 # Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
258 # And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
259 #DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1
261 # Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process
263 # calls write() does its own writeback
267 # Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
268 # exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
269 # amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low,
270 # so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
272 #DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5
274 # kernel default dirty buffer age
277 #DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
279 #DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
280 #DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
281 #DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1
283 # This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
284 # on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
285 # centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still
286 # needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for
287 # external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't
288 # need to change this on 2.6.
291 # Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery?
292 # Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
293 # See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
296 # When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should
297 # use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your
298 # CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in:
299 # /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
300 # Only applicable if DO_CPU=1.
303 # Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option)
304 # Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4).
308 # The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space,
309 # e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb".
312 # Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive?
319 Please note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks
326 # start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when
327 # ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop
329 # install as /sbin/laptop_mode
331 # Contributors to this script: Kiko Piris
338 # Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe
340 #############################################################################
343 if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
345 . /etc/default/laptop-mode
346 elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
348 . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
351 # Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete
352 # set defaults instead:
354 # Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
355 # comfortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
356 # amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
357 MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'}
359 # Read-ahead, in kilobytes
360 READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'}
362 # Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
363 DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'}
365 # And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
366 DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'}
368 # Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive?
371 # Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive?
372 HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}"
374 # spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values)
375 AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'}
376 BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'}
378 # Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
379 # calls write() does its own writeback
380 DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
382 # cpu frequency scaling
383 # See Documentation/admin-guide/pm/cpufreq.rst for more info
384 DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'}
385 CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'}
388 # Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
389 # exceeded, the kernel will wake flusher threads which will then reduce the
390 # amount of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low,
391 # so once some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
393 DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'}
395 # kernel default dirty buffer age
396 DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'}
397 DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'}
398 DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'}
399 DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
400 DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'}
401 DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'}
402 DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'}
404 # This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
405 # on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
406 # centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
407 # some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
408 # interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
409 # change this on 2.6.
410 XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'}
412 #############################################################################
424 echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2
429 if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
430 echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2
434 if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
435 echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2
439 # Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from
440 # a mount options string (the rest of the parameters).
441 parse_mount_opts () {
445 -e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g' \
451 # Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from
452 # a mount option string (the rest of the parameters).
453 parse_nonumber_mount_opts () {
457 -e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g' \
463 # Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in
464 # fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
465 # value of the option in another mount options string. The device
466 # is the first argument, the option name the second, and the default
467 # value the third. The remainder is the mount options string.
470 # parse_yesno_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 atime atime defaults,noatime
472 # If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result
473 # will be "defaults,atime".
474 parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () {
480 PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
481 PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)"
482 # Watch for a default atime in fstab
483 FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
484 if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
485 # option specified in fstab: extract the value and use it
486 if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
487 echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT"
489 # no$OPT not found -- so we must have $OPT.
490 echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT"
493 # option not specified in fstab -- choose the default.
494 echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT"
498 # Find out the state of a numbered option (e.g. "commit=NNN") in
499 # fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
500 # value of the option in another mount options string. The device
501 # is the first argument, and the option name the second. The
502 # remainder is the mount options string in which the replacement
506 # parse_mount_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 commit defaults,commit=7
508 # If fstab contains, say, "commit=3,rw" for this filesystem, then the
509 # result will be "rw,commit=3".
510 parse_mount_opts_wfstab () {
515 PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
516 # Watch for a default commit in fstab
517 FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
518 if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=" > /dev/null ; then
519 # option specified in fstab: extract the value, and use it
520 echo -n "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT="
521 echo ",$FSTAB_OPTS," | sed \
522 -e 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//' \
525 # option not specified in fstab: set it to 0
526 echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0"
532 # My root filesystem unfortunately has
533 # type "unknown" in /etc/mtab. If we encounter
534 # "unknown", we try to get the type from fstab.
537 while read FSTAB_DEV FSTAB_MP FSTAB_FST FSTAB_OPTS FSTAB_DUMP FSTAB_DUMP ; do
538 if [ "$FSTAB_MP" = "$MP" ]; then
545 if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ] ; then
546 NOATIME_OPT=",noatime"
551 AGE=$((100*$MAX_AGE))
552 XFS_AGE=$(($XFS_HZ*$MAX_AGE))
553 echo -n "Starting laptop_mode"
555 if [ -d /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf ] ; then
556 # (For 2.4 and early 2.6.)
557 # This only needs to be set, not reset -- it is only used when
558 # laptop mode is enabled.
559 echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf/lm_flush_age
560 echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
561 elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
562 # (A couple of early 2.6 laptop mode patches had these.)
563 # The same goes for these.
564 echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer
565 echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
566 elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer ] ; then
568 # But not for these -- they are also used in normal
570 echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
571 echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
572 elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
574 # And not for these either. These are in centisecs,
575 # not USER_HZ, so we have to use $AGE, not $XFS_AGE.
576 echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
577 echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
578 echo 3000 > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
583 echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
584 echo "30 500 0 0 $AGE $AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
587 echo 5 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
588 echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
589 echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
590 echo "$DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
591 echo "$DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
594 if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then
595 cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
596 PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts "$OPTS")"
597 if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
598 FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
602 PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts commit "$OPTS")"
603 mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS,commit=$MAX_AGE$NOATIME_OPT
606 mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$OPTS$NOATIME_OPT
609 if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
610 blockdev --setra $(($READAHEAD * 2)) $DEV
614 if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
615 for THISHD in $HD ; do
616 /sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
617 /sbin/hdparm -B 1 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
620 if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
621 if [ $CPU_MAXFREQ = 'slowest' ]; then
622 CPU_MAXFREQ=`cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq`
624 echo $CPU_MAXFREQ > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
629 U_AGE=$((100*$DEF_UPDATE))
630 B_AGE=$((100*$DEF_AGE))
631 echo -n "Stopping laptop_mode"
632 echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
633 if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer -a ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
634 # These need to be restored, if there are no lm_*.
635 echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
636 echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
637 elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
638 # These need to be restored as well.
639 echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
640 echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
641 echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
645 echo "30 500 0 0 $U_AGE $B_AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
648 echo "$U_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
649 echo "$B_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
650 echo "$DEF_DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
651 echo "$DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
654 if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ] ; then
655 cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
656 # Reset commit and atime options to defaults.
657 if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
658 FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
662 PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts_wfstab $DEV commit $OPTS)"
663 PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $PARSEDOPTS)"
664 mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
667 PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $OPTS)"
668 mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
671 if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
672 blockdev --setra 256 $DEV
676 if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
677 for THISHD in $HD ; do
678 /sbin/hdparm -S $AC_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
679 /sbin/hdparm -B 255 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
682 if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
683 echo `cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq` > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
688 echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 2>&1
700 Dax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will
701 kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that
702 automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was
703 written by Jan Topinski.
705 /etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter::
708 action=/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh %e
710 /etc/acpi/events/battery::
713 action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh %e
715 /etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh::
719 # ac on/offline event handler
721 status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/$2/state`
725 /sbin/laptop_mode stop
729 /sbin/laptop_mode start
735 /etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh::
739 # Automatically disable laptop mode when the battery almost runs out.
741 BATT_INFO=/proc/acpi/battery/$2/state
743 if [[ -f /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]]
745 LM=`cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode`
748 if [[ -f $BATT_INFO ]]
750 # Source the config file only now that we know we need
751 if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
753 . /etc/default/laptop-mode
754 elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
756 . /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
758 MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=${MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:-'10'}
760 ACTION="`cat $BATT_INFO | grep charging | cut -c 26-`"
761 if [[ ACTION -eq "discharging" ]]
763 PRESENT_RATE=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "present rate:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
764 REMAINING=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "remaining capacity:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
766 if (($REMAINING * 60 / $PRESENT_RATE < $MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES))
768 /sbin/laptop_mode stop
771 logger -p daemon.warning "You are using laptop mode and your battery interface $BATT_INFO is missing. This may lead to loss of data when the battery runs out. Check kernel ACPI support and /proc/acpi/battery folder, and edit /etc/acpi/battery.sh to set BATT_INFO to the correct path."
780 Bartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk
781 spends spun up/down. See tools/laptop/dslm/dslm.c