1 ==============================================================
2 Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver Configuration guide
3 ==============================================================
9 To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
10 primary sound card support (``CONFIG_SOUND``). Since ALSA can emulate
11 OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
13 Enable "OSS API emulation" (``CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL``) and both OSS mixer
14 and PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
16 If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
17 SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
18 (``CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER``).
20 To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
21 and "Debug" options. To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
22 too. "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
24 Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
25 (if the card supports ISA PnP). You don't need to configure the cards
32 The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
33 one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
34 specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
40 The core ALSA module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
41 It takes the following options which have global effects.
44 major number for sound driver;
47 limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8);
49 For auto-loading more than one card, specify this option
50 together with snd-card-X aliases.
52 Reserve the slot index for the given driver;
53 This option takes multiple strings.
54 See `Module Autoloading Support`_ section for details.
56 Specifies the debug message level;
57 (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
58 2 = verbose debug messages);
59 This option appears only when ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y``.
60 This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
61 /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
66 The PCM OSS emulation module.
67 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
70 PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
73 PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
76 Don't block opening busy PCM devices;
79 For example, when ``dsp_map=2``, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
80 the card #0. Similarly, when ``adsp_map=0``, /dev/adsp will be mapped
81 to PCM #0 of the card #0.
82 For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
83 commas, such like ``dsp_map=0,1``.
85 ``nonblock_open`` option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
86 regarding opening the device. When this option is non-zero,
87 opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
88 immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
93 This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
94 similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
97 MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
100 MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
103 Common parameters for top sound card modules
104 --------------------------------------------
106 Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
109 index (slot #) of sound card;
110 Values: 0 through 31 or negative;
111 If nonnegative, assign that index number;
112 if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible indices;
113 the first free permitted index is assigned;
116 card ID (identifier or name);
117 Can be up to 15 characters long;
118 Default: the card type;
119 A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
120 containing information about the card;
121 This ID can be used instead of the index number in
125 Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
130 Module for AdLib FM cards.
135 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
136 the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
137 Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
140 Make sure you have ``sbiload`` from the alsa-tools package available and,
141 after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
142 number through ``sbiload -l``.
147 Port Client name Port name
148 64:0 OPL2 FM synth OPL2 FM Port
150 Load the ``std.sb`` and ``drums.sb`` patches also supplied by ``sbiload``:
153 sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
155 If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use ``std.o3`` and ``drums.o3``
156 instead. To have the card produce sound, use ``aplaymidi`` from alsa-utils:
159 aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
164 Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
167 Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
169 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
174 Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
177 port # for AD1848 chip
179 IRQ # for AD1848 chip
181 DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
183 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe
184 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
186 The power-management is supported.
191 Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
194 AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
195 See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
197 This module supports multiple cards.
202 Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
205 Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
210 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
212 The power-management is supported.
217 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
219 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
221 The power-management is supported.
226 Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
228 This module supports multiple cards.
230 The power-management is supported.
235 Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
238 port # for legacy joystick support;
239 0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
241 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
243 The power-management is supported.
248 Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
251 enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
253 This module supports multiple cards.
254 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
259 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
262 AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
264 AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
265 See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
267 Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec instead of probing.
268 If this works for you file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
269 (-2 = Force probing, -1 = Default behavior, 0-2 = Use the
272 S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
274 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
276 ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output. One is
277 over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output. The
278 implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
279 choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
281 The power-management is supported.
283 Module snd-atiixp-modem
284 -----------------------
286 Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
288 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
290 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
293 The power-management is supported.
295 Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
296 -----------------------------------------
298 Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
301 Control PCI workarounds;
302 0 = Disable all workarounds,
303 1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff,
304 2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
305 Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge,
306 3 = Force both settings,
307 255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
309 This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
310 EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
311 Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
312 http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
313 SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
314 ``spdif`` pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
315 The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and
318 Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate
319 control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
320 another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
325 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
329 port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
331 port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
333 IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
335 DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
337 DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
339 port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
341 IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
343 port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
345 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
346 ``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
347 The other values are optional.
349 ``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
350 or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
351 their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
352 be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
354 If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
355 full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
356 enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
358 Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
359 mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
361 Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
362 legacy ISA in your BIOS.
367 Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
371 port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
373 port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
375 IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
377 DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
379 DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
381 port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
383 IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
385 port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
387 This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
388 ``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
389 The other values are optional.
391 ``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
392 or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
393 their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
394 be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
396 If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
397 full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
398 enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
400 Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
401 mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
403 Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
404 legacy ISA in your BIOS.
409 Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
411 This module supports multiple cards.
416 Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
418 This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
420 The power-management is supported.
425 Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
428 Enable joystick (default off)
430 This module supports multiple cards.
435 Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
438 Override the default digital rate (Hz)
440 Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
442 This module supports multiple cards.
444 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
450 Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
452 This module supports multiple cards.
458 Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
461 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
463 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
466 port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
468 IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
470 first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
472 port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
474 IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
476 8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
478 16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
480 (optional) OPL3 I/O port
482 (optional) MPU401 I/O port
484 (optional) MPU401 irq #
486 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
488 The power-management is supported.
493 Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
496 port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
497 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
498 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
501 port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
503 1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
506 Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) (default = 1)
508 Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
510 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
512 The power-management is supported.
517 Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
520 port # for CS4231 chip
522 port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
524 IRQ # for CS4231 chip
526 IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
528 first DMA # for CS4231 chip
530 second DMA # for CS4231 chip
532 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
533 thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
535 The power-management is supported.
540 Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
541 CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
544 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
546 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
549 port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
551 control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
553 port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
555 FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
557 IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
559 IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
561 first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
563 second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
565 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
566 (if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
567 specified!!! Other ports are optional.
569 The power-management is supported.
571 This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
572 snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
577 Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
580 Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
582 This module supports multiple cards.
584 The power-management is supported.
589 Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
590 CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
593 Force to enable external amplifier.
595 Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
597 Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
599 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
600 Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
601 from PCI sub vendor/device ids. If they don't work, give the options
604 The power-management is supported.
609 Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip.
611 Module snd-cs5535audio
612 ----------------------
614 Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
616 The power-management is supported.
621 Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
623 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
624 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
625 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
626 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
627 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
628 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
629 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
630 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
631 * Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
634 reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
636 multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
638 override the PCI SSID for probing;
639 the value consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID.
640 The default is zero, which means no override.
642 This module supports multiple cards.
647 Module for Echoaudio Darla20
649 This module supports multiple cards.
650 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
655 Module for Echoaudio Darla24
657 This module supports multiple cards.
658 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
663 Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
666 This module supports multiple cards. This module is enabled only with
669 The power-management is supported.
674 Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
675 or input, but you may use this module for any application which
676 requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
679 Number of PCM devices assigned to each card (default = 1, up to 4)
681 Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM (default = 8, up to 128)
683 Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
685 Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
687 When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
688 behavior to each PCM device:
689 * 0 = interleaved with mmap support
690 * 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
691 * 2 = interleaved without mmap
692 * 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
694 As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
695 but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
696 buffer pages, in order to save the resources. If your apps need
697 the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
700 The power-management is supported.
705 Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
707 This module supports multiple cards.
708 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
713 Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
715 * Sound Blaster Live!
716 * Sound Blaster PCI 512
717 * Emu APS (partially supported)
718 * Sound Blaster Audigy
721 bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
723 bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
725 allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
727 limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
729 specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers given in MB
730 unit. Default value is 128.
734 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
736 Input & Output configurations [extin/extout]
737 * Creative Card wo/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f03]
738 * Creative Card w/Digital out [0x0003/0x1f0f]
739 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in [0x000f/0x1f0f]
740 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
741 * Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
742 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive [0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
743 * Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
744 * Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
745 * Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2 [0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
746 * Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive [0x3fc3/0x1fff]
747 * Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003 [0x3fc3/0x7cff]
748 * Creative Card all ins and outs [0x3fff/0x7fff]
750 The power-management is supported.
755 Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
757 This module supports multiple cards.
762 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
764 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
765 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
768 Enable joystick (default off)
770 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
772 The power-management is supported.
777 Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
779 * SoundBlaster PCI 64
780 * SoundBlaster PCI 128
781 * SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
784 port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 0 = disable
785 (default), 1 = auto-detect
787 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
789 The power-management is supported.
794 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
797 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
799 port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
801 IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
803 port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
805 with ``isapnp=0``, the following additional options are available:
808 port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
810 IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
812 DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
814 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
815 and PnP with the ES968 chip.
820 Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
823 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
825 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
828 port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
830 port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
832 port # for FM (optional, not used)
834 IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
836 first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
838 first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
840 This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
841 port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
842 When ``dma2`` is equal with ``dma1``, the driver works as half-duplex.
844 The power-management is supported.
849 Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
851 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
853 The power-management is supported.
858 Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
861 total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
863 playback channels (1-8, default=2)
865 capture channels (1-8, default=0)
867 clock (0 = auto-detection)
869 support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
871 enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
873 enable joystick (default off)
875 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
877 The power-management is supported.
882 Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
885 Enable TEA575x tuner;
886 1 = MediaForte 256-PCS,
887 2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR,
888 3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
889 High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1;
890 example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
892 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
894 The power-management is supported.
899 Module for Echoaudio Gina20
901 This module supports multiple cards.
902 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
907 Module for Echoaudio Gina24
909 This module supports multiple cards.
910 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
912 Module snd-gusclassic
913 ---------------------
915 Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
918 port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
920 IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
922 DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
924 DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
926 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
928 GF1 voices limit (14-32)
932 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
934 Module snd-gusextreme
935 ---------------------
937 Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
940 port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
942 port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
944 port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
946 IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
948 IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
950 IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
952 DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
954 DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
956 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
958 GF1 voices limit (14-32)
962 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
967 Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
970 port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
972 IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
974 DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
976 DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
978 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
980 GF1 voices limit (14-32)
984 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
989 Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
990 PCH, SCH), ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
991 RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, VIA VT8251/VT8237A, SIS966, ULI M5461
993 [Multiple options for each card instance]
999 -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller hardware,
1000 0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work,
1002 2 = POSBUF: use position buffer,
1003 3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture,
1004 4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
1005 5 = SKL+: apply the delay calculation available on recent Intel chips
1006 6 = FIFO: correct the position with the fixed FIFO size, for recent AMD chips
1008 Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots);
1009 When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
1010 as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
1011 slots regardless what hardware reports back
1013 Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
1014 Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
1016 Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
1017 Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
1018 value based on the controller chip.
1020 Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio setup
1021 before initializing the codecs.
1022 This option is available only when ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y``
1023 is set. See hd-audio/notes.rst for details.
1025 Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on);
1026 default value is set via ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE`` kconfig.
1028 [Single (global) options]
1031 Use single immediate commands to communicate with codecs
1032 (for debugging only)
1034 Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
1036 Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 = disable)
1037 power_save_controller
1038 Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode (default = on)
1040 Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples of 128 bytes.
1041 This is more efficient in terms of memory access but isn't
1042 required by the HDA spec and prevents users from specifying
1043 exact period/buffer sizes. (default = on)
1045 Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
1047 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1049 See hd-audio/notes.rst for more details about HD-audio driver.
1051 Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
1052 If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
1053 configuration is set up. You can pass ``model=<name>`` option to
1054 specify a certain model in such a case. There are different
1055 models depending on the codec chip. The list of available models
1056 is found in hd-audio/models.rst.
1058 The model name ``generic`` is treated as a special case. When this
1059 model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1060 "codec-patch". It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1062 If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1063 matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
1064 output (with ``--no-upload`` option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
1065 ML (see the section `Links and Addresses`_).
1067 ``power_save`` and ``power_save_controller`` options are for power-saving
1068 mode. See powersave.rst for details.
1070 Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1071 ``position_fix=1`` or ``2``. ``position_fix=1`` will use the SD_LPIB
1072 register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1073 DMA pointer. ``position_fix=2`` will make the driver to use
1074 the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1075 (Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
1078 ``position_fix=3`` is specific to VIA devices. The position
1079 of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
1080 values. ``position_fix=4`` is a combination mode, using LPIB
1081 for playback and POSBUF for capture.
1083 NB: If you get many ``azx_get_response timeout`` messages at
1084 loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1085 routing). Try to boot with options like ``pci=noacpi``. Also, you
1086 can try ``single_cmd=1`` module option. This will switch the
1087 communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1088 single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB. Basically, the
1089 single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1090 unsolicited events, too. But, at least, this works independently
1091 from the irq. Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1092 avoided as much as possible...
1094 MORE NOTES ON ``azx_get_response timeout`` PROBLEMS:
1095 On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1096 to avoid the ``azx_get_response timeout`` problem above, instead.
1097 This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1098 (likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1099 bus. You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1100 ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE``, or simply from the file name of the codec
1101 proc files. Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1102 For example, ``probe_mask=1`` means to probe only the first slot, and
1103 ``probe_mask=4`` means only the third slot.
1105 The power-management is supported.
1110 Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1112 This module supports multiple cards.
1114 Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1115 when ``CONFIG_FW_LOADER`` is set. Otherwise, you need to load
1116 the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1118 The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1120 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1121 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1122 when any HDSP cards are found. To make the buffer
1123 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1124 stage of boot sequence. See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1130 Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1133 Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1135 Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1137 Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1139 See hdspm.rst for details.
1144 Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1146 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1147 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1148 * MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1149 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1150 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1151 * MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1152 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1155 * TerraTec EWX 24/96
1156 * TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1158 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1159 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1160 * Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1161 * Event Electronics, EZ8
1163 * Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1167 Use the given board model, one of the following:
1168 delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1169 delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1170 dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1171 phase88, mediastation
1173 Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1175 reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec
1176 resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1178 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1179 Note: The consumer part is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for
1180 example in the MidiMan Delta siree).
1182 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1183 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1184 model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1185 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1191 Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1193 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1194 * MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1195 * MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1197 * TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1198 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1199 * TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1202 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1203 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
1204 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
1205 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
1206 * AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
1207 * AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1209 * Albatron K8X800 Pro II
1210 * Chaintech ZNF3-150
1211 * Chaintech ZNF3-250
1219 * Hercules Fortissimo IV
1220 * EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
1223 Use the given board model, one of the following:
1224 revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1225 prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
1226 juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
1227 phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
1228 fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
1230 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1232 Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1233 SSID (if EEPROM isn't available). You can override the
1234 model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1235 driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1241 Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1243 This module supports multiple cards.
1244 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1249 Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1251 This module supports multiple cards.
1252 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1257 Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1259 This module supports multiple cards.
1260 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1265 Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1267 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7,
1269 * SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1270 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
1271 * AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1275 AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1277 AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
1278 See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
1280 Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some motherboards
1281 (default yes on nForce chips, otherwise off)
1283 Enable workaround for hardware with buggy semaphores (e.g. on some
1284 ASUS laptops) (default off)
1286 Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection from the
1287 controller chip (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1289 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1291 Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1292 if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1293 explicitly via the module option ``ac97_clock=41194``.
1295 Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver. If your
1296 motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1297 modules, respectively.
1299 The power-management is supported.
1301 Module snd-intel8x0m
1302 --------------------
1304 Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1306 * Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
1307 * SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1308 * NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1313 AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1315 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1317 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1320 The power-management is supported.
1322 Module snd-interwave
1323 --------------------
1325 Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1326 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1329 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1331 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1333 reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1335 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1337 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1339 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1342 port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1344 IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1346 DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1348 DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1350 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1352 Module snd-interwave-stb
1353 ------------------------
1355 Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1356 and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1357 circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1360 0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1362 1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1364 reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1366 1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1368 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1370 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1373 port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1375 tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1377 IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1379 DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1381 DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1383 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1388 Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1389 MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1392 port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1394 IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1396 DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1398 DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1400 MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1402 MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1404 This module supports multiple cards.
1409 Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1411 This module supports multiple cards.
1416 Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1418 This module supports multiple cards.
1419 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1424 Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1426 This module supports multiple cards.
1427 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1432 Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
1434 This module supports multiple cards.
1439 Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1441 This module supports multiple cards.
1446 Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1449 enable external amp (enabled by default)
1451 GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or -1 for default pin (8
1452 for allegro, 1 for others)
1454 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1456 Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1457 If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1458 specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option.
1459 For example, a Panasonic notebook might need ``amp_gpio=0x0d``
1462 The power-management is supported.
1467 Module for Echoaudio Mia
1469 This module supports multiple cards.
1470 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1475 Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, miroSOUND PCM 12,
1476 miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1479 Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1487 MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1489 MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1495 enable onboard ide support
1500 Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1502 This module supports multiple cards.
1503 Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1504 See MIXART.txt for details.
1506 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1507 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1508 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1509 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1510 firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1515 Module for Echoaudio Mona
1517 This module supports multiple cards.
1518 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1523 Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1526 port number or -1 (disable)
1528 IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1530 PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1532 This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1534 Module snd-msnd-classic
1535 -----------------------
1537 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1541 Port # for msnd-classic card
1543 IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1545 Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1547 enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1549 calibrate signal (default = 0)
1551 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1553 Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1555 Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1571 The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/msndinit.bin`` and
1572 ``turtlebeach/msndperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1574 See Documentation/sound/cards/multisound.sh for important information
1575 about this driver. Note that it has been discontinued, but the
1576 Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1578 http://www.turtlebeach.com
1580 Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1581 ------------------------
1583 Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1586 Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1588 IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1590 Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1592 enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1594 calibrate signal (default = 0)
1596 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1598 The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/pndspini.bin`` and
1599 ``turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1604 Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1608 I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1610 IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1612 number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1614 Module supports only 1 card. This module has no enable option.
1619 Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1621 This module supports multiple devices.
1622 Requires parport (``CONFIG_PARPORT``).
1627 Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1630 max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1632 max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1634 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1636 specify buffer top address
1638 0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1640 alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1642 enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1644 enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some other laptops
1646 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1648 The power-management is supported.
1650 Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1651 automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1652 In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1653 the buffer_top option.
1655 Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1656 Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1657 The driver supports only ac97 codec. It's possible to force
1658 to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected. In such a
1659 case, use ``force_ac97=1`` option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1662 Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1663 codecs. This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1664 with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1665 even though the device is detected in lspci. In such a case, try
1666 other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2. Some has ISA-PnP
1667 but some doesn't have ISA PnP. You'll need to specify ``isapnp=0``
1668 and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1670 Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET. For the
1671 known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1672 workaround is enabled automatically. For other laptops with a
1673 hard freeze, you can try ``reset_workaround=1`` option.
1675 Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1676 AC97 RESET. On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1677 turned on as default. This option is worth to try if the
1678 previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1680 Note: This driver is really crappy. It's a porting from the
1681 OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1682 The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1683 X-server as described above. You might be able to force to load
1684 the module, but it may result in hang-up. Hence, make sure that
1685 you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1691 Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1694 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1696 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1699 control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1701 SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1703 WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1705 port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1707 FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1709 IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1711 first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1713 second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1715 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP. It does not support
1716 autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1718 The power-management is supported.
1720 Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1721 -------------------------
1723 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1724 Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1727 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1729 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1732 port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1734 port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1736 port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1738 IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1740 IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1742 first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1744 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1746 Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1747 -------------------------
1749 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1752 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1754 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1757 port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1759 port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1761 port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1763 IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1765 IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1767 first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1769 second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1771 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1776 Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1779 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1781 with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1784 port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1786 port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1788 port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1790 IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1792 IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1794 first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1796 second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1798 This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1803 Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
1807 * AuzenTech X-Meridian
1808 * AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
1810 * Club3D Theatron DTS
1811 * HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1812 * HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1813 * Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
1814 * Razer Barracuda AC-1
1816 * TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
1817 * TempoTec HiFier Serenade
1819 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1824 Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1827 Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1829 enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1831 This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1832 even a few mixer controls.
1837 Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1839 This module supports multiple cards.
1841 Module snd-portman2x4
1842 ---------------------
1844 Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1846 This module supports multiple cards.
1848 Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1849 ---------------------------------
1851 Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1854 enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1856 Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1858 Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
1860 The power-management is supported.
1862 Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1863 ------------------------------------
1865 Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1867 For ARM architecture only.
1869 The power-management is supported.
1874 Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1877 Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1879 MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1881 OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1883 This module supports multiple cards.
1884 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1885 You need to install the firmware file ``riptide.hex`` to the standard
1886 firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1891 Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32,
1892 Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1894 This module supports multiple cards.
1899 Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1901 This module supports multiple cards.
1906 Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1909 Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). (default = 0)
1911 This module supports multiple cards.
1913 Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1914 module did formerly. It will allocate the buffers in advance
1915 when any RME9652 cards are found. To make the buffer
1916 allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1917 stage of boot sequence. See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1920 Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1921 ---------------------------------------
1923 Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1925 Module supports only one card.
1926 Module has no enable and index options.
1928 The power-management is supported.
1933 Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, SoundBlaster 2.0,
1937 port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1939 IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1941 DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1943 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1945 The power-management is supported.
1947 Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1948 -----------------------------
1950 Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1951 SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1954 Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1956 ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1958 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1960 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1963 port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1965 port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1967 base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) (snd-sbawe
1970 IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1972 8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1974 16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1976 This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1978 Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1979 disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1980 Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1981 half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
1984 The power-management is supported.
1989 Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600 and
1993 Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1995 MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1999 MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
2003 Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2005 This module supports multiple cards.
2007 This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
2012 Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
2017 WSS Port # (PnP setup)
2021 MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
2025 2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
2027 Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2029 This module supports multiple cards.
2031 The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
2033 Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
2034 --------------------------------------
2036 Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2038 This module supports multiple cards.
2040 Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
2041 -------------------------------------
2043 Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2045 This module supports multiple cards.
2047 Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
2048 -----------------------------------
2050 Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
2052 This module supports multiple cards.
2054 Module snd-wavefront
2055 --------------------
2057 Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
2060 Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
2061 (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
2063 ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
2065 with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
2068 Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2070 IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
2072 Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
2074 IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
2082 DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2084 DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2086 The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
2089 Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no);
2090 If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
2091 ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
2093 Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes);
2094 If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
2095 when the driver is loaded. The default is to download the
2096 microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
2097 "default" operation, whatever that means.
2099 Debug parameters for card initialization
2101 How long to wait without sleeping, usecs (default:150);
2102 This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
2103 based on my limited experimentation.
2104 If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
2105 my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
2106 to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
2107 without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
2109 Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
2110 waits, only about 250 result in a sleep.
2112 How long to sleep when waiting for reply (default: 100)
2114 How many times to try sleeping during a wait (default: 50)
2116 Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware (default:wavefront.os);
2117 The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware. In the recent
2118 version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
2119 must be installed in the proper path, typically,
2122 How long to wait for a reset to take effect (default:2)
2124 How many seconds to wait for the RAM test (default:20)
2126 How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS (default:10)
2128 This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
2130 Note: the firmware file ``wavefront.os`` was located in the earlier
2131 version in /etc. Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
2132 must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
2133 Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
2134 regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
2136 Module snd-sonicvibes
2137 ---------------------
2139 Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
2140 * PINE Schubert 32 PCI
2143 Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default);
2144 SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
2146 Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
2148 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2150 Module snd-serial-u16550
2151 ------------------------
2153 Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
2156 port # for UART16550A chip
2158 IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
2160 speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
2163 base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
2166 number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
2170 0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
2171 3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
2173 This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
2174 thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
2179 Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
2180 * Best Union Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
2182 * Warpspeed ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
2185 * CHIC True Sound 4Dwave
2186 * Shark Predator4D-PCI
2187 * Jaton SonicWave 4D
2188 * SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
2189 * Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
2192 max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
2194 max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
2196 This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2198 The power-management is supported.
2203 Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
2205 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2207 Module snd-usb-audio
2208 --------------------
2210 Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
2213 Vendor ID for the device (optional)
2215 Product ID for the device (optional)
2217 Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
2219 Device specific magic number (optional);
2220 Influence depends on the device
2223 Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer interface (default: no)
2225 Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes)
2227 Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which
2228 applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new
2231 Use vmalloc() for allocations of the PCM buffers (default: yes).
2232 For architectures with non-coherent memory like ARM or MIPS, the
2233 mmap access may give inconsistent results with vmalloc'ed
2234 buffers. If mmap is used on such architectures, turn off this
2235 option, so that the DMA-coherent buffers are allocated and used
2238 The option is needed for devices that have multiple streams
2239 defined in multiple USB interfaces. The driver may invoke
2240 registrations multiple times (once per interface) and this may
2241 lead to the insufficient device enumeration.
2242 This option receives an array of strings, and you can pass
2243 ID:INTERFACE like ``0123abcd:4`` for performing the delayed
2244 registration to the given device. In this example, when a USB
2245 device 0123:abcd is probed, the driver waits the registration
2246 until the USB interface 4 gets probed.
2247 The driver prints a message like "Found post-registration device
2248 assignment: 1234abcd:04" for such a device, so that user can
2251 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2253 NB: ``nrpacks`` parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
2254 Don't put the value over 20. Changing via sysfs has no sanity
2257 NB: ``ignore_ctl_error=1`` may help when you get an error at accessing
2258 the mixer element such as URB error -22. This happens on some
2259 buggy USB device or the controller.
2261 NB: quirk_alias option is provided only for testing / development.
2262 If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
2263 adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
2265 Module snd-usb-caiaq
2266 --------------------
2268 Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
2270 * Native Instruments RigKontrol2
2271 * Native Instruments Kore Controller
2272 * Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
2273 * Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
2275 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2277 Module snd-usb-usx2y
2278 --------------------
2280 Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
2282 This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2284 Note: you need to load the firmware via ``usx2yloader`` utility included
2285 in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
2290 Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 8233A,
2291 8233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
2294 0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
2297 Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
2299 AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2301 support DXS channels, 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
2302 3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate and different
2303 sample rates on different channels [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
2305 AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
2306 See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
2308 This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
2310 Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
2311 not be generated properly. In such a case, please try to
2312 set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
2313 default value 1.4. Then the interrupt number will be
2314 assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
2316 Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
2317 channels as the first PCM. On these channels, up to 4
2318 streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
2319 can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
2321 As default (``dxs_support = 0``), 48k fixed rate is chosen
2322 except for the known devices since the output is often
2323 noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
2325 Please try once ``dxs_support=5`` and if it works on other
2326 sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
2327 know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
2329 If ``dxs_support=5`` does not work, try ``dxs_support=4``; if it
2330 doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1. (dxs_support=1 is
2331 usually for old motherboards. The correct implemented
2332 board should work with 4 or 5.) If it still doesn't
2333 work and the default setting is ok, ``dxs_support=3`` is the
2334 right choice. If the default setting doesn't work at all,
2335 try ``dxs_support=2`` to disable the DXS channels.
2336 In any cases, please let us know the result and the
2337 subsystem vendor/device ids. See `Links and Addresses`_
2340 Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
2341 additionally. The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
2343 The power-management is supported.
2345 Module snd-via82xx-modem
2346 ------------------------
2348 Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
2351 AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2353 This module supports one card and autoprobe.
2355 Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
2358 The power-management is supported.
2363 Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
2364 This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
2365 to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
2368 MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
2370 This module supports multiple cards.
2375 Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
2376 i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
2377 Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
2379 This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
2384 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2387 Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2389 Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2391 This module supports multiple cards.
2393 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2394 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2395 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2396 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2397 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package. To invoke
2398 vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2402 install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222\
2403 && /usr/bin/vxloader
2405 (for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add ``post-install /usr/bin/vxloader`` to
2406 /etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2407 IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM. The smaller size
2408 gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2409 The size is usually aligned to 126. As default (=0), the smallest
2410 size is chosen. The possible IBL values can be found in
2411 /proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2413 The power-management is supported.
2418 Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2421 Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2423 This module supports multiple cards. The module is compiled only when
2424 PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2426 With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2427 manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf. See the
2428 sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c. 2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2429 longer require a config file.
2431 When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2432 is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2433 Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2434 When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2435 firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2437 About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2439 Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2442 The power-management is supported.
2447 Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2450 0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2451 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2453 0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2454 1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2456 0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2459 enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2461 This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2463 The power-management is supported.
2465 Module snd-pdaudiocf
2466 --------------------
2468 Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2470 The power-management is supported.
2476 The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2477 specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2478 snd-intel8x0. Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2479 and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2480 specifications from version to version :-)
2482 The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2483 but some might be unknown or wrongly detected. In such a case, pass
2484 the proper value with this option.
2486 The following strings are accepted:
2489 Don't override the default setting
2493 Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2495 Swap headphone and master controls
2497 Swap master and surround controls
2499 For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2501 For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2503 Inverted EAPD implementation
2505 Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2507 For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, ...
2510 For example, if ``Master`` volume control has no effect on your device
2511 but only ``Headphone`` does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2514 Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2515 ============================
2517 When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2518 supporting the isapnp cards will have module options ``isapnp``.
2519 If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2520 For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass ``isapnp=0`` option
2521 together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2523 When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2524 will be not built in.
2527 Module Autoloading Support
2528 ==========================
2530 The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2531 module aliases. The string ``snd-card-%1`` is requested for ALSA native
2532 devices where ``%i`` is sound card number from zero to seven.
2534 To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2535 ``sound-slot-%i`` where ``%i`` means the slot number for OSS, which
2536 corresponds to the card index of ALSA. Usually, define this
2537 as the same card module.
2539 An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2542 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2543 alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2544 alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2545 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2547 The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2548 option ``cards_limit`` of snd module. As default it's set to 1.
2549 To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2550 sound cards in that option.
2552 When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2553 number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2554 cards is kept consistent.
2556 An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2559 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2561 options snd cards_limit=2
2562 alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2563 alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2564 options snd-interwave index=0
2565 options snd-ens1371 index=1
2567 alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2568 alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2569 ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2571 In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2572 (index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2574 Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2575 ``slots`` option of snd module. In the case above, specify like the
2579 options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2581 Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2582 the second (#1) for snd-ens1371. You can omit index option in each
2583 driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2584 the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2586 The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2587 hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict. For example, in the
2588 case above again, the first two slots are already reserved. If any
2589 other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2590 snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2592 When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2593 modules but that name. For example, ``slots=!snd-pcsp`` will reserve
2594 the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp.
2597 ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2598 =======================================
2601 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2602 /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp) -> minor 3
2603 /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp) -> minor 12
2604 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio1 -> minor 4+16 = 20
2605 /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp1 -> minor 3+16 = 19
2606 /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp1 -> minor 12+16 = 28
2607 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/audio2 -> minor 4+32 = 36
2608 /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p] -> /dev/dsp2 -> minor 3+32 = 39
2609 /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p] -> /dev/adsp2 -> minor 12+32 = 44
2611 The first number from ``/dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p]`` expression means
2612 sound card number and second means device number. The ALSA devices
2613 have either ``c`` or ``p`` suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2614 playback, respectively.
2616 Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2617 options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2620 Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2621 ==============================
2623 /proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2624 -------------------------------
2626 erase all additional information about OSS applications
2628 <app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]
2630 name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2632 number of fragments or zero if auto
2634 size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2639 the application tries to open a pcm device for
2640 this channel but does not want to use it.
2641 (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2642 It's good for Quake etc...
2646 force block mode (rvplayer)
2648 force non-block mode
2650 write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2653 do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2655 Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2656 instead of filled blocks
2661 echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2662 echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2663 echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2666 Early Buffer Allocation
2667 =======================
2669 Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2670 sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2671 actually loaded due to memory fragmentation. You can pre-allocate the
2672 PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2673 proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2674 ``/etc/init.d/*.local`` scripts.
2676 Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2677 usage of page allocation. In writing, you can send the following
2678 commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2680 * add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2682 VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs. They take
2683 integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2684 MASK is the PCI DMA mask. Pass 0 if not restricted.
2685 SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate. You can pass
2686 k and m suffix for KB and MB. The max number is 16MB.
2687 BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate. It must be greater
2688 than 0. The max number is 4.
2692 This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2699 ALSA project homepage
2700 http://www.alsa-project.org
2702 http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2704 mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2706 http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh