4 Batman advanced is a new approach to wireless networking which
5 does no longer operate on the IP basis. Unlike the batman daemon,
6 which exchanges information using UDP packets and sets routing
7 tables, batman-advanced operates on ISO/OSI Layer 2 only and uses
8 and routes (or better: bridges) Ethernet Frames. It emulates a
9 virtual network switch of all nodes participating. Therefore all
10 nodes appear to be link local, thus all higher operating proto-
11 cols won't be affected by any changes within the network. You can
12 run almost any protocol above batman advanced, prominent examples
13 are: IPv4, IPv6, DHCP, IPX.
15 Batman advanced was implemented as a Linux kernel driver to re-
16 duce the overhead to a minimum. It does not depend on any (other)
17 network driver, and can be used on wifi as well as ethernet lan,
18 vpn, etc ... (anything with ethernet-style layer 2).
24 Load the batman-adv module into your kernel:
26 # insmod batman-adv.ko
28 The module is now waiting for activation. You must add some in-
29 terfaces on which batman can operate. After loading the module
30 batman advanced will scan your systems interfaces to search for
31 compatible interfaces. Once found, it will create subfolders in
32 the /sys directories of each supported interface, e.g.
34 # ls /sys/class/net/eth0/batman_adv/
35 # iface_status mesh_iface
37 If an interface does not have the "batman_adv" subfolder it prob-
38 ably is not supported. Not supported interfaces are: loopback,
39 non-ethernet and batman's own interfaces.
41 Note: After the module was loaded it will continuously watch for
42 new interfaces to verify the compatibility. There is no need to
43 reload the module if you plug your USB wifi adapter into your ma-
44 chine after batman advanced was initially loaded.
46 The batman-adv soft-interface can be created using the iproute2
49 # ip link add name bat0 type batadv
51 To activate a given interface simply attach it to the "bat0"
54 # ip link set dev eth0 master bat0
56 Repeat this step for all interfaces you wish to add. Now batman
57 starts using/broadcasting on this/these interface(s).
59 By reading the "iface_status" file you can check its status:
61 # cat /sys/class/net/eth0/batman_adv/iface_status
64 To deactivate an interface you have to detach it from the
67 # ip link set dev eth0 nomaster
70 All mesh wide settings can be found in batman's own interface
73 # ls /sys/class/net/bat0/mesh/
74 #aggregated_ogms distributed_arp_table gw_sel_class orig_interval
75 #ap_isolation fragmentation hop_penalty routing_algo
76 #bonding gw_bandwidth isolation_mark vlan0
77 #bridge_loop_avoidance gw_mode log_level
79 There is a special folder for debugging information:
81 # ls /sys/kernel/debug/batman_adv/bat0/
82 # bla_backbone_table log transtable_global
83 # bla_claim_table originators transtable_local
86 Some of the files contain all sort of status information regard-
87 ing the mesh network. For example, you can view the table of
88 originators (mesh participants) with:
90 # cat /sys/kernel/debug/batman_adv/bat0/originators
92 Other files allow to change batman's behaviour to better fit your
93 requirements. For instance, you can check the current originator
94 interval (value in milliseconds which determines how often batman
95 sends its broadcast packets):
97 # cat /sys/class/net/bat0/mesh/orig_interval
100 and also change its value:
102 # echo 3000 > /sys/class/net/bat0/mesh/orig_interval
104 In very mobile scenarios, you might want to adjust the originator
105 interval to a lower value. This will make the mesh more respon-
106 sive to topology changes, but will also increase the overhead.
112 To make use of your newly created mesh, batman advanced provides
113 a new interface "bat0" which you should use from this point on.
114 All interfaces added to batman advanced are not relevant any
115 longer because batman handles them for you. Basically, one "hands
116 over" the data by using the batman interface and batman will make
117 sure it reaches its destination.
119 The "bat0" interface can be used like any other regular inter-
120 face. It needs an IP address which can be either statically con-
121 figured or dynamically (by using DHCP or similar services):
123 # NodeA: ip link set up dev bat0
124 # NodeA: ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev bat0
126 # NodeB: ip link set up dev bat0
127 # NodeB: ip addr add 192.168.0.2/24 dev bat0
128 # NodeB: ping 192.168.0.1
130 Note: In order to avoid problems remove all IP addresses previ-
131 ously assigned to interfaces now used by batman advanced, e.g.
133 # ip addr flush dev eth0
139 All error messages, warnings and information messages are sent to
140 the kernel log. Depending on your operating system distribution
141 this can be read in one of a number of ways. Try using the com-
142 mands: dmesg, logread, or looking in the files /var/log/kern.log
143 or /var/log/syslog. All batman-adv messages are prefixed with
144 "batman-adv:" So to see just these messages try
146 # dmesg | grep batman-adv
148 When investigating problems with your mesh network it is some-
149 times necessary to see more detail debug messages. This must be
150 enabled when compiling the batman-adv module. When building bat-
151 man-adv as part of kernel, use "make menuconfig" and enable the
152 option "B.A.T.M.A.N. debugging".
154 Those additional debug messages can be accessed using a special
157 # cat /sys/kernel/debug/batman_adv/bat0/log
159 The additional debug output is by default disabled. It can be en-
160 abled during run time. Following log_levels are defined:
162 0 - All debug output disabled
163 1 - Enable messages related to routing / flooding / broadcasting
164 2 - Enable messages related to route added / changed / deleted
165 4 - Enable messages related to translation table operations
166 8 - Enable messages related to bridge loop avoidance
167 16 - Enable messaged related to DAT, ARP snooping and parsing
168 31 - Enable all messages
170 The debug output can be changed at runtime using the file
171 /sys/class/net/bat0/mesh/log_level. e.g.
173 # echo 6 > /sys/class/net/bat0/mesh/log_level
175 will enable debug messages for when routes change.
177 Counters for different types of packets entering and leaving the
178 batman-adv module are available through ethtool:
180 # ethtool --statistics bat0
186 As batman advanced operates on layer 2 all hosts participating in
187 the virtual switch are completely transparent for all protocols
188 above layer 2. Therefore the common diagnosis tools do not work
189 as expected. To overcome these problems batctl was created. At
190 the moment the batctl contains ping, traceroute, tcpdump and
191 interfaces to the kernel module settings.
193 For more information, please see the manpage (man batctl).
195 batctl is available on https://www.open-mesh.org/
201 Please send us comments, experiences, questions, anything :)
203 IRC: #batman on irc.freenode.org
204 Mailing-list: b.a.t.m.a.n@open-mesh.org (optional subscription
205 at https://lists.open-mesh.org/mm/listinfo/b.a.t.m.a.n)
207 You can also contact the Authors:
209 Marek Lindner <mareklindner@neomailbox.ch>
210 Simon Wunderlich <sw@simonwunderlich.de>